Chapter 24, Problem 103A

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Need to mention the polymer formed from the given monomer.

Concept Introduction: A polymer is formed by joining a large number of macromolecules that are known as monomers. A polymer is composed of repeating monomeric units that are bonded together.

Answer to Problem 103A

The polymer formed from amino acids is protein.

Explanation of Solution

Amino acids are the smaller molecules that make up a protein. The molecules of amino acids are composed of carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, and oxygen. There are $20$ different amino acids that are beneficial in serving the structural units of all proteins.

Every amino acid consists of two functional groups that are amino group and the carboxylic acid group.

When two amino acids combine, they release a water molecule along with the formation of protein via a condensation reaction. The bond that links amino acid units together is known as a peptide bond.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Need to mention the polymer formed from the given monomer.

Concept Introduction: A polymer is formed by joining a large number of macromolecules that are known as monomers. A polymer is composed of repeating monomeric units that are bonded together.

Answer to Problem 103A

The polymer formed from a monosaccharide is a polysaccharide.

Explanation of Solution

The simplest carbohydrates are known as monosaccharides. They are also called simple sugars. It serves as a monomeric unit for the formation of polysaccharides as they cannot be broken down into simpler units/sugars.

On joining many monosaccharide units together, the polymer so formed is a polysaccharide, and if two monosaccharide units are joined together, it yields the formation of a disaccharide.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Need to mention the polymer formed from the given monomer.

Concept Introduction: A polymer is formed by joining a large number of macromolecules that are known as monomers. A polymer is composed of repeating monomeric units that are bonded together.

Answer to Problem 103A

The polymer formed from a nucleotide is a DNA or RNA molecule.

Explanation of Solution

An unbranched polymer that is made up of nucleotides (that serve as monomeric units) is known as nucleic acid. The nucleotide is a combination of sugar, phosphate, and base.

DNA and RNA molecules are basically nucleic acids, therefore they can be termed polynucleotides.