Chapter 21, Problem 29A

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The ring structure of glucose and fructose needs to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

A monosaccharide is a simple carbohydrate consisting of only one sugar unit in their structures. Simple monosaccharides are glucose and fructose. Glucose and fructose, monosaccharides are representing hexoses sugar structure with six carbons.

Answer to Problem 29A

The ring structure of glucose and fructose is given as-

  

Explanation of Solution

Glucose and fructose are examples of monosaccharides, both are soluble in water. In aqueous solution, the straight-chain converted into a cyclic structure shown as −

  

This ring structure is formed for the lower energy configuration. The ring structure is more energetically favorable than the linear structure.

Conclusion

The monosaccharides are soluble in aqueous solutions. They change their structure due to the nucleophilic addition reaction takes place at the carbonyl center and the hydroxyl group of that same monosaccharide.