Genetics: From Genes to Genomes
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259700903
Author: Leland Hartwell Dr., Michael L. Goldberg Professor Dr., Janice Fischer, Leroy Hood Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 11, Problem 21P
The figure that follows shows DNA fingerprint analysis of the genomic DNA from semen associated with a rape (***) and from mouth swabs (somatic cells) of individuals 1–4. This analysis involves the PCR amplification of six SSR loci, each from a different (nonhomologous) chromosome. All PCR primers used are 20
| a. | Sperm are haploid, but the semen sample shows two different-sized PCR products for certain loci. How is this possible? |
| b. | Is any locus on the X chromosome? If so, identify it. |
| c. | Is any locus on the Y chromosome? If so, which one? |
| d. | Explain why these results demonstrate that none of the four individuals is the rapist. What pattern would you expect by analyzing mouth swab DNA from the rapist? |
| e. | Do these results nonetheless provide any information that could help catch the rapist? If so, be as specific as possible. |
| f. | The two orange bands amplified by PCR from the semen are 200 and 212 bp long. How many tandem repeats of the SSR repeat unit are found in the two alleles of this locus in the rapist’s genomic DNA? (Assume that the PCR products are the shortest possible and that the repeat unit for this locus is TCCG.) |
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The following figure shows the FBI-style analysis of the genomic DNA of 10 people (1-10), and also of hair found at a crime scence left by the murderer [***]. This analysis involves the PCR amplification of SSR loci, each from a different (nonhomologus) chromosome. The PCR primers are for each SSR locus are labeled with a unique fluorescent molecule. Some bands are thicker because relatively more of the corresponding PCR product was obtained. The figure has dots aligned on both sides to help you find the crucial bands; it will help to use a straight-edge as a guide. The numbers at right are the total number of copies of the SSR locus among the population of 11 samples.
Are any of individuals 1-10 probable relatives of the murderer? If so, identify this person and describe the degree of relationship to the criminal.
The following figure shows the FBI-style analysis of the genomic DNA of 10 people (1-10), and also of hair found at a crime scence left by the murderer [***]. This analysis involves the PCR amplification of SSR loci, each from a different (nonhomologus) chromosome. The PCR primers are for each SSR locus are labeled with a unique fluorescent molecule. Some bands are thicker because relatively more of the corresponding PCR product was obtained. The figure has dots aligned on both sides to help you find the crucial bands; it will help to use a straight-edge as a guide. The numbers at right are the total number of copies of the SSR locus among the population of 11 samples.
Are any of the loci on the Y chromosome? If so, identify this (these) locus (loci) by color.
The following figure shows the FBI-style analysis of the genomic DNA of 10 people (1-10), and also of hair found at a crime scence left by the murderer [***]. This analysis involves the PCR amplification of SSR loci, each from a different (nonhomologus) chromosome. The PCR primers are for each SSR locus are labeled with a unique fluorescent molecule. Some bands are thicker because relatively more of the corresponding PCR product was obtained. The figure has dots aligned on both sides to help you find the crucial bands; it will help to use a straight-edge as a guide. The numbers at right are the total number of copies of the SSR locus among the population of 11 samples.
Are any of the loci on the X chromosome? If so, identify this (these) locus (loci) by color.
Chapter 11 Solutions
Genetics: From Genes to Genomes
Ch. 11 - Choose the phrase from the right column that best...Ch. 11 - Would you characterize the pattern of inheritance...Ch. 11 - Would you be more likely to find single nucleotide...Ch. 11 - A recent estimate of the rate of base...Ch. 11 - If you examine Fig. 11.5 closely, you will note...Ch. 11 - Approximately 50 million SNPs have thus far been...Ch. 11 - Mutations at simple sequence repeat SSR loci occur...Ch. 11 - Humans and gorillas last shared a common ancestor...Ch. 11 - In 2015, an international team of scientists...Ch. 11 - Using PCR, you want to amplify an approximately 1...
Ch. 11 - Prob. 11PCh. 11 - The previous problem raises several interesting...Ch. 11 - You want to make a recombinant DNA in which a PCR...Ch. 11 - You sequence a PCR product amplified from a...Ch. 11 - Prob. 15PCh. 11 - The trinucleotide repeat region of the Huntington...Ch. 11 - Sperm samples were taken from two men just...Ch. 11 - Prob. 18PCh. 11 - a. It is possible to perform DNA fingerprinting...Ch. 11 - On July 17, 1918, Tsar Nicholas II; his wife the...Ch. 11 - The figure that follows shows DNA fingerprint...Ch. 11 - Microarrays were used to determine the genotypes...Ch. 11 - A partial sequence of the wild-type HbA allele is...Ch. 11 - a. In Fig. 11.17b, PCR is performed to amplify...Ch. 11 - The following figure shows a partial microarray...Ch. 11 - Scientists were surprised to discover recently...Ch. 11 - The microarray shown in Problem 25 analyzes...Ch. 11 - The figure that follows shows the pedigree of a...Ch. 11 - One of the difficulties faced by human geneticists...Ch. 11 - Now consider a mating between consanguineous...Ch. 11 - The pedigree shown in Fig. 11.22 was crucial to...Ch. 11 - You have identified a SNP marker that in one large...Ch. 11 - The pedigrees indicated here were obtained with...Ch. 11 - Approximately 3 of the population carries a mutant...Ch. 11 - The drug ivacaftor has recently been developed to...Ch. 11 - In the high-throughput DNA sequencing protocol...Ch. 11 - A researcher sequences the whole exome of a...Ch. 11 - As explained in the text, the cause of many...Ch. 11 - Figure 11.26 portrayed the analysis of Miller...Ch. 11 - A research paper published in the summer of 2012...Ch. 11 - Table 11.2 and Fig. 11.27 together portray the...Ch. 11 - The human RefSeq of the entire first exon of a...Ch. 11 - Mutations in the HPRT1 gene in humans result in at...Ch. 11 - Prob. 44P
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- This is a schematic diagram of an agarose gel used to analyze the DNA fragments generated by analyzing individual female flies with primers P1, P2, and P3 in a single PCR reaction. Lane M represents DNA fragments that are size markers (standards). In lanes 1, 2, and 3, sketch in the DNA fragments expected to be produced by PCR for female Drosophila homozygous for wild-type, heterozygous, and homozygous for the white-one mutation, respectively:arrow_forwardThe figure below represents the size of various SSRS that are used for forensic analysis. The bars corresponding to each locus represent the range of size of the various alleles of the locus. 100 bp 200 bp 300 bp D8S1179 D21S11 D7S820 CSF1PO D3S1358 TH01 D13S317 D16S539 D2S1338 D199433 VWA TPOX D18S51 FGA D5S818 III Each color in the figure represents a set of molecular markers that can be analyzed simultaneously. Which of the following pairs of markers, which are not grouped together in the figure, could be analyzed simultaneously if they were the only two markers being studied? FGA and CSF1PO 400 bp THO and VWA THO and TPOX O TOPX and FGAarrow_forwardRegarding STR markers used in forensic science. Tick all the correct statements: no correct statement the PCR primers used to amplify STRs are located in the repeat units PCR primers to amplify STRs are located on both sides of the repeat units the PCR primers used to amplify STRs are coupled to a fluorochrome which is essential for the detection of amplicons they are absent from the gonosomes the allelic frequencies of STR markers vary according to the ethnicity of the individuals genotyped they are present homogeneously throughout the nuclear genomearrow_forward
- The figure below represents the size of various SSRS that are used for forensic analysis. The bars corresponding to each locus represent the range of size of the various alleles of the locus. Based on the figure, Which loci could result in a PCR product 200 bp in length? Select all correct answers. 100 bp 200 bp 300 bp D8S1179 D21S11 D7S820 CSF1PO D3S1358 TH01 D13S317 D16S539 D2S1338 D19S433 VWA TPOX A TPOX VWA D5S818 III D8S1179 FGA D21S11 O CSF1PO D18S51 FGA 400 bp ||||Iarrow_forwardAs the leading scientist in a biomedical science laboratory, it is a requirement to give advice to your lab assistants when they are having problems with their experiments. What advice would you give to your assistants that are having the following problems: After performing a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and agarose gel electrophoresis to confirm the presence of the C01 gene of 750bp. 2.1. They observe no band appearing on an agarose gel. What would be your conclusion? 2.2. They observe three bands of different sizes that resemble a smear on the gel. Advice 2.3. They observe a single band on the gel and conclude that the PCR product is an exact copy of the original template DNA. Would you support their condusion? Explain. 2.4. Explain how PCR can be used to detect infectious agents in diagnoses of diseases.arrow_forwardThe gel below shows results for the bitter tasting SNP analysis. Analyze the results and annotate the gel to indicate the bitter tasting ability and homozygous/heterozygous status of each of the individuals represented on the gel. There are three lanes of markers, and the first non-maker lane on the left of the gel is an uncut control PCR product (i.e. there are a total of 10 individuals on the gel starting in lane 3).arrow_forward
- 1) you have a locus in your PCR reaction that is a DNA squence is on the fifth chromosome, is a single copy locus, and has a squcne ID# 818. What is a name according to ISFG nomenclature 2) in electrophoresis system, DNA migartes toward____ which is _____ charged.arrow_forwardAll of the following are performed during restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. 1. splitting of double-stranded into single-stranded DNA 2. gel electrophoresis 3. autoradiography 4. immersion in radioactive probes 5. digestion of DNA with restriction endonucleases 6. use of a positive charge to transfer single-stranded DNA from a gel to a membrane. The correct sequence of these operations is whatarrow_forwardThe gel below shows results for the bitter tasting SNP analysis from a CH306 class from a few years ago. Analyze the results and annotate the gel to indicate the bitter tasting ability and homozygous/heterozygous status of each of the individuals represented on the gel. There are three lanes of markers, and the first non-maker lane on the left of the gel is an uncut control PCR product (i.e. there are a total of 10 individuals on the gel starting in lane 3).arrow_forward
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