Microbiology: An Evolving Science (Fourth Edition)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780393615098
Author: John W. Foster, Joan L. Slonczewski
Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Question
Chapter 6, Problem 3RQ
Summary Introduction
To review:
The Baltimore classification of viral genomes.
Introduction:
The presence of a wide variety of viruses necessitates their classification into specific groups. This is required to explain their ancestry as well as relatedness. Viruses can be differentiated on the basis of their genome composition, size, capsid symmetry, envelope, and host.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Describe the mechanism of replication of the eukaryotic virus SV40.
Coronaviruses have a positive-sense single stranded RNA genome.
a.) What is the genome replication strategy of this category of viruses?
b.) How do you think this feature affects the stability of the viral genome? (hint use figure below)
Mutation rates in different types of viruses. Estimates obtained for viruses belonging to the major indicated groups are shown as a function of genome size. This reveals an effect of genetic material (RNA/DNA) and genome size on viral mutation rates.
Match each of the following replication classes of viruses with the one description that best
describes it.
This virus class is composed of
segmented and non-segmented
helical viruses that carry an
RdRp within the virion into the
cell. Example: Rabies virus
These viruses are non-
enveloped, icosahedral, have
segmented genomes, and carry
their own RNA-dependent RNA
polymerase. The viral genome
is copied following assembly.
Example: Reovirus
This is the only class of RNA
viruses whose genome is
replicated by cellular enzymes
and not an RNA-dependent
RNA polymerase.
Cellular DNA polymerases
replicate this virus's non-
integrated genome, although
transcription is not the initial
event that takes place in the
process. Example:
Parvoviruses
In this class of viruses,
transcription occurs before
genome replication because
viral proteins are involved in
replicating the genome.
Example: Adenovirus
This class of viruses forms
circular DNA and creates pre-
genomic RNA using host RNA
polymerases.…
Chapter 6 Solutions
Microbiology: An Evolving Science (Fourth Edition)
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- A patient has arrived at the doctor complaining of acute respiratory symptoms (cough, runny nose, fever). The patient explains to the doctor that he was at a concert the night before and shared a water bottle with a friend who had similar symptoms. The doctor tells the patient that he has a virus. a.) Can the doctor prescribe an antibiotic for this patient? Explain. b.) What form of replication do you think this virus does use? How do you know? explain in detailsarrow_forwardIdentify the numbered steps of this viral life cycle/replication cycle depicted here.arrow_forwardWhat is the significance of the length of a typical viral genome?arrow_forward
- Syn5 is a virus that infects photosynthetic bacteria belonging to the genus Synechococcus. The Syn5 virion is icosahedral (660 Å in diameter) with a short tail and an appendage called a horn. The horn is located on a vertex directly opposite the tail. Syn5 follows the typical five steps observed for most viruses when they multiply, and progeny viruses are released when the host lyses. The assembly of Syn5 virions involves several proteins, including capsid proteins, scaffolding proteins, a portal protein, a terminase, tail proteins, and horn proteins. To better understand the assembly of Syn5 virions, scientists used a type of microscopy called Zernike phase contrast electron cryotomography. This type of microscopy improves the contrast typically seen for conventional cryotomography. In their studies, the scientists observed several different developing virus particles in infected cells. The particles were: (1) 660 Å icosahedron containing DNA and having a tail; (2) 660 Å icosahedron…arrow_forwardA viral genome is composed of a double stranded DNA molecule containing 14% T (thymine). Based on this information, what would be the percentage of cytosine?arrow_forwardThe RNA genomes of some RNA viruses resemble the messenger RNA (mRNA) of their eukaryotic hosts. What advantage would an RNA virus gain by having this type of genome?arrow_forward
- Compare the structure of an icosahedral capsid with that of a helical capsid. How do pentamers and hexamers associate to form a complete icosahedron? Which virus would have a longer helical capsid: a virus with a 7,200 base pair DNA genome or one with an 11,000 base ssRNA genome?arrow_forwardDNA from a newly discovered virus was purified, and UV light absorption was followed as the molecule was slowly heated. The absorbance increase at the melting temperature was only 10%. What does this result tell you about the structure of the viral DNA?arrow_forwardWhat is the Structure of the influenza A virus subtype H1N1 and what is incubation period of it ?arrow_forward
- A patient has arrived at the doctor complaining of acute respiratory symptoms (cough, runny nose, fever). The patient explains to the doctor that he was at a concert the night before and shared a water bottle with a friend who had similar symptoms. The doctor tells the patient that he has a virus. a.) What form of replication do you think this virus does use? How do you know? b.) Can the doctor prescribe an antibiotic for this patient? Explain.arrow_forwardExplain the reason why segmentation of the genome provides a strong evolutionary advantage for negative strand viruses.arrow_forwardAs a general rule, viruses are not considered to be alive based on several reasons. One such reason is that some viruses use RNA as their genetic material instead of DNA. Which of the five biological themes does this violate? Briefly explain why.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)BiologyISBN:9780134580999Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. HoehnPublisher:PEARSON
Biology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStax
Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781259398629Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa StouterPublisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)BiologyISBN:9780815344322Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter WalterPublisher:W. W. Norton & Company
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781260159363Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, CynthiaPublisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)BiologyISBN:9781260231700Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael WindelspechtPublisher:McGraw Hill Education
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:PEARSON
Biology 2e
Biology
ISBN:9781947172517
Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher:OpenStax
Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781259398629
Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa Stouter
Publisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780815344322
Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter Walter
Publisher:W. W. Norton & Company
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781260159363
Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, Cynthia
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9781260231700
Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael Windelspecht
Publisher:McGraw Hill Education
What Is A Virus ? ; Author: Peekaboo Kidz;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YS7vsBgWszI;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY