Campbell Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780135188743
Author: Urry
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Question
Chapter 48, Problem 13TYU
Summary Introduction
To explain: The distinct role of the gated ion channels in initiation of a signal and its passage along the nerve from the head of a rattlesnake till its tail and, then from that nerve to the muscle that moves the rattle.
Introduction:
Gated ion channels are necessary for the generation and propagation of impulses. The flow of ions induces many changes in the body. The gated ion channels work in response to stimuli and accordingly alters the membrane potential. The function of the gated ion channels present in the various organs is to cause conduction.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Create at least 6 analogies comparing (3) and contrasting (3) the processes involve in chemical and nervous control in plant animals.
Example:
Photoreceptor (Animal): Phototropism (Plants) (Both involved responding to light stimulus)
EVOLUTION CONNECTION An action potential is an all-ornone event. This on/off signaling is an evolutionary adaptationof animals that must sense and act in a complex environment.It is possible to imagine a nervous system in which the actionpotentials are graded, with the amplitude depending on thesize of the stimulus. Describe what evolutionary advantage on/off signaling might have over a graded (continuously variable)kind of signaling.
The giant squid axon has a diameter = 1mm and 1 = 13mm. Compared to a mammalian neuron with a diameter = 1 um and ^ = 0.2mm, which of the following is correct?
graded potentials can generate action potentials in the mammalian axon but not in the squid axon.
graded potential of similar magnitude would result in action potentials with larger amplitude in the mammalian axon
graded potentials of similar magnitude would result in action potentials with larger amplitude in the squid axon
graded potentials of similar magnitude would travel furthest from their point of origin in the mammalian axon
graded potentials of similar magnitude would travel furthest from their point of origin in the squid axon
Chapter 48 Solutions
Campbell Biology
Ch. 48.1 - Prob. 1CCCh. 48.1 - Describe the basic pathway of information flow...Ch. 48.1 - WHAT IF? How might increased branching of an axon...Ch. 48.2 - Under what circumstances could ions flow through...Ch. 48.2 - WHAT IF? Suppose a cell's membrane potential...Ch. 48.2 - MAKE CONNECTiONS Review Figure 7.10, which...Ch. 48.3 - How do action potentials and graded potentials...Ch. 48.3 - In multiple sclerosis (from the Greek skleros,...Ch. 48.3 - How do both negative and positive feedback...Ch. 48.3 - WHAT IF? Suppose a mutation caused gated sodium...
Ch. 48.4 - Prob. 1CCCh. 48.4 - Some pesticides inhibit acetylcholinesterase, the...Ch. 48.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 48 - How would severing an axon affect the flow of...Ch. 48 - Suppose you placed an isolated neuron in a...Ch. 48 - Prob. 48.3CRCh. 48 - Prob. 48.4CRCh. 48 - Level 1: Knowledge/Comprehension 1. What happens...Ch. 48 - Level 1: Knowledge/Comprehension 1. What happens...Ch. 48 - Where are neurotransmitter receptors located? (A)...Ch. 48 - Why are action potentials usually conducted in one...Ch. 48 - Which of the following is the most direct result...Ch. 48 - Suppose a particular neurotransmitter causes an...Ch. 48 - WHAT IF? Ouabain, a plant substance used in some...Ch. 48 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 48 - DRAW IT Suppose a researcher inserts a pair of...Ch. 48 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION An action potential is an...Ch. 48 - Prob. 11TYUCh. 48 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: ORGANIZATION In a short essay...Ch. 48 - Prob. 13TYU
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- You recently read about Justin Bieber's unfortunate run-ins with glass doors and walls. Since then, you learned about how neurons are the unique cell of the nervous system and that signals are sent via action potential along those cells. You have further learned about how signals "jump" from one neuron to the next, allowing for your nervous system to function every single day. Explain, using language from your learning of signal transduction and the nervous system, just what Justin Bieber's neurons should have been doing to prevent his unfortunate accidents. In other words, describe how are signals received, sent, and passed along in the nervous system (a system primarily responsible for preventing people from walking into doors and walls). You may enhance your answer by comparing the effects of drug use with the inability to avoid these accidents. *Hint: half of your response should be about neuron anatomy and action potential and the other half should be about signaling across…arrow_forwardWrite a Worm neuronal function assay paragraph about a worm neuronal function and find an experiment that could test why the worm may have this worm neuronal function. Such as a worm spiraling. One robust assay of worm behavior is…. “Finish the sentence” and find an experiment that could determine why the worm behavior is this way.arrow_forwardFor you to see the words on your compute, quite a few different types of neurons are required. what types of neurons are involved in signal transmission for you to see the words? Describe all the neural structures fro required for seeing.arrow_forward
- The action potential generated in the squid giant axon requires voltage-gated potassium channels. Describe the shape of the action potential if these channels are blocked using TEA (Tetraethylammonium).arrow_forwardConsider the circuit from Q5 (above). We want to add another inhibitory neuron to this circuit to increase the likelihood that neuron D will have an action potential. With which cell (A, B, C or D) should our new inhibitory neuron make a synapse to make it more likely that the post - synaptic neuron will have anaction potential?The diagram below shows a simple neural circuit with three pre - synaptic cells labelled 'A', 'B' and 'C', and a post - synaptic cell labelled 'D ' (see image below). Assume neurons A and B each have outputs of +2 and neuron C has output of -1.arrow_forwardConduction velocity refers to the [a] at which an action potential travels along a neuron's axon. In invertebrates, conduction velocity can only be increased by [b]. However in vertebrates (exclusively), such as humans, conduction velocity can also be increased by [c]. This enables vertebrates to conserve [d] while still increasing conduction velocity. [a] [b] [c] [d] [Choose ] [Choose ] [Choose ] [Choose ]arrow_forward
- What is the difference between an action potential and a synapse? (select all that apply) The action potential moves down the axon and a synapse is between neurons. The synapse travels long distances and the action potential can only travel short distances. The action potential starts at the dendrites and the synapse starts at the ахon. The action potential is always the same and the synaptic potentials vary. the action potential involves only the postsynaptic neuron, but the synapse involves both the pre- and post-synaptic neurons.arrow_forwardFigure 1 shows the action potential graph recorded from a rat neurone and the potential changes obtained from the rat neurone when the concentration of potassium ([K*]out) and calcium ([Ca²+]out) are varied extracellularly in the bathing solution. (i) In the resting state, is the neuronal permeability to potassium more than, less than or equal to that of the permeability to calcium? Explain your answer. (ii) Vm 'The calcium ion concentrations are lower inside the cell than outside.' Justify this statement based on the graphs and the Nernst equation assuming the temperature is at 25 °C. Vm 30 0 -30 30 0- -30 0 50 AP overshoot [K+ lout 100 150 time (msec) 30 RP Figure 1 0- -30 AP overshoot RP 200 250 AP overshoot {Ca²+ Jout RParrow_forwardThe graph shows a tracing of membrane potential change during the course of an action potential in a typical neuron. Predict the effect of exposure to the following neurotoxins. Briefly explain how you would expect the action potential to change in the presence of each toxin and why. A toxin produced by puffer fish which specifically binds to voltage-gated sodium channels and blocks the flow of sodium ions through the channel. A toxin found in scoprion venom which slows the closure of voltage-gated sodium channel inactivation gates. Assume that the cell is normally brought to threshold by an electrical stimulus applied to it, so that any change is due only to the presence of the toxin Precise values for voltage and duration are not important, just a general trend in how the action potential may differ from the typical trace shown is expected.arrow_forward
- SEQUENCING: Arrange the sequence of events that happen during an action of sensory and motor systems of animals. Assign numbers, I being the first event until 6 being the last. Write your answers in your notebook. 10. receptor potential 11. action potential in sensory neuron 12. production of action response 13. receptor transduces energy of stimulus into electrical energy 14. signal transmitted to CNS 15. stimulus (such as light energy)arrow_forwardWhich best describes the process by which rod cells are activated? light strikes a rod cell at resting membrane potential K* channels open → hyperpolarization of rod stops release of an inhibitory neurotransmitter В. A. light strikes a rod cell at resting membrane potential Na channels open → depolarization of rod leads to an action potential С. light strikes a depolarized rod cell Nat channels open hyperpolarization of rod stops release of an inhibitory neurotransmitter light strikes a depolarized rod cell K* channels open hyperpolarization of rod stops release of an inhibitory neurotransmitter light strikes a depolarized rod cellNat channels close stops release of an inhibitory neurotransmitter D. Е. hyperpolarization of rod >arrow_forwardHelp mearrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781938168130Author:Kelly A. Young, James A. Wise, Peter DeSaix, Dean H. Kruse, Brandon Poe, Eddie Johnson, Jody E. Johnson, Oksana Korol, J. Gordon Betts, Mark WomblePublisher:OpenStax College
Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781337392938Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. BergPublisher:Cengage Learning
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305389892Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage Learning
Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781938168130
Author:Kelly A. Young, James A. Wise, Peter DeSaix, Dean H. Kruse, Brandon Poe, Eddie Johnson, Jody E. Johnson, Oksana Korol, J. Gordon Betts, Mark Womble
Publisher:OpenStax College
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781337392938
Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781305389892
Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Intro to Cell Signaling; Author: Amoeba Sisters;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-dbRterutHY;License: Standard youtube license