Campbell Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780135188743
Author: Urry
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 48.2, Problem 3CC
MAKE CONNECTiONS → Review Figure 7.10, which illustrates the diffusion of dye molecules across a membrane. Could diffusion eliminatethe concentration gradient of a dye that has a net Charge? Explain.
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Or. Foyez Samar
The volume enclosed by the plasma membrane of plant cells is often much larger the c
corresponding volume in animal cells. The most regsengble explanation for this observation Is that
A) plant cells are capable of having a much higher surface-to-volume ratio than animal cells.
B) plant cells have a much more highly convoluted (folded) plasma membrane than animal cens.
C) plant cells contain a large vacuole that reduces the volume of the cytoplasm.
D) animal cells are more spherical, whereas plant cells are elongated.
12 A u
Molecular Transport Across Membranes Workshop
How does the cell membrane control movement of materials?
The cellular membrane is critical to the maintenance of homeostasis in living
organisms. The cell membrane separates the cell from the external environment and
plays a critical role in regulating movement of material in and out of the cell.
Additionally, eukaryotic cells are made complex by the presence of internal
membranes that form organelles, so the cells may become specialized. These organelle
membranes create compartments within the cell that can do specific functions.
For this exercise, you will work in groups of four to progress through the activities.
At the end of each activity, one group (chosen at random) will share how they
responded and open the floor for further discussion.
Model 1 - Types of Ions and Molecules in a Cell
Type 4 Molecules
Molecular oxygen (O,):
Туре 1 Ions
Type 2 Molecules
Туре 3 Molecules
Glucose:
Water:
Potassium: K*
OH
0=0 D
Sodium: Na+ +
O-
Urea:…
Multipass transmembrane proteins synthesized by ribosomes on the rough endoplasmic reticulum generally have which of the following arrangements of start-transfer and stop-transfer signals?
multiple start signals and multiple stop signals (to allow multiple transmembrane regions)
multiple start signals, but only one stop signal (to allow only one transmembrane region)
only one start signal, but multiple stop signals (to allow only one transmembrane region)
only one start signal, and only one stop signal (to allow only one transmembrane region)
only one stop signal, and only one start signal (to allow only one transmembrane region)
Chapter 48 Solutions
Campbell Biology
Ch. 48.1 - Prob. 1CCCh. 48.1 - Describe the basic pathway of information flow...Ch. 48.1 - WHAT IF? How might increased branching of an axon...Ch. 48.2 - Under what circumstances could ions flow through...Ch. 48.2 - WHAT IF? Suppose a cell's membrane potential...Ch. 48.2 - MAKE CONNECTiONS Review Figure 7.10, which...Ch. 48.3 - How do action potentials and graded potentials...Ch. 48.3 - In multiple sclerosis (from the Greek skleros,...Ch. 48.3 - How do both negative and positive feedback...Ch. 48.3 - WHAT IF? Suppose a mutation caused gated sodium...
Ch. 48.4 - Prob. 1CCCh. 48.4 - Some pesticides inhibit acetylcholinesterase, the...Ch. 48.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 48 - How would severing an axon affect the flow of...Ch. 48 - Suppose you placed an isolated neuron in a...Ch. 48 - Prob. 48.3CRCh. 48 - Prob. 48.4CRCh. 48 - Level 1: Knowledge/Comprehension 1. What happens...Ch. 48 - Level 1: Knowledge/Comprehension 1. What happens...Ch. 48 - Where are neurotransmitter receptors located? (A)...Ch. 48 - Why are action potentials usually conducted in one...Ch. 48 - Which of the following is the most direct result...Ch. 48 - Suppose a particular neurotransmitter causes an...Ch. 48 - WHAT IF? Ouabain, a plant substance used in some...Ch. 48 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 48 - DRAW IT Suppose a researcher inserts a pair of...Ch. 48 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION An action potential is an...Ch. 48 - Prob. 11TYUCh. 48 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: ORGANIZATION In a short essay...Ch. 48 - Prob. 13TYU
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- Example Problem: FRAP Data Interpretation The diffusion rate of four different membrane proteins (A, B, C, and D) was measured using a FRAP experiment with purified liposomes. The FRAP recovery curves are shown below. Fluorescence intensity ROI A 3 Time Pre-bleaching Bleaching imaging imaging B Time Post-bleaching imaging C Time D Time (a) Which membrane protein exhibits the higher rate of diffusion in the lipid bilayer? A or B? C or D? (b) Explain the most likely cause of the difference in the recovery curves for proteins A and C.arrow_forwardthe game. And the game officially started! The game will work by team. Sakuragi and his team are placed in small submarine shrunk down to microscopic size and injected into a stained living ceili. The teams goai is to find out what is happening in the area because the object is slowly occupying the space where there are many creatures are living. They started their path on the fluid. As they continue their journey, they reached in a transparent layer. In order to make the navigational adjustment, 1. they need to identify this substance. What could be this thing? They scanned the area using an ultra telescope designed by the company that useful for their goal. Upon using the tool they have found out that it contains a wide variety of biological molecules magnification micro 2 There are polar and non - polar region. What are these biomolecules? They tried to get insidearrow_forwardOsmosis Practice Activity Osmosis is the diffusion of water from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. Only water moves in osmosis! The diagrams below show the concentration of water and salt inside the cell and the concentration of water and salt surrounding the cell. Complete the sentences below by comparing the concentration of the water inside the cell and the concentration outside the cell. 1. a. Water will flow the cell, out of the cell, in both directions). (into 5% NaCl 95% H20 95% NaCI 5% H20 b. The cell will (shrink, burst, stay the same). a. Water will flow (into the cell. 2. 5% NaCl out of the cell, in both directions). 5% NaCl 95% H20 95% H20 b. The cell will (shrink, burst, stay the same).arrow_forward
- Q1: Is the dye at equilibrium in any of these glasses? Describe how the first glass will look when the dye is at equilibrium with the water. Q2: Will diffusion mix the molecules of dye evenly through the water, or is it necessary to shake the container to get a uniform mixture? Q3: Will diffusion mix the dye faster in hot water than in cold water? Why or why not?arrow_forwardTransport Across the Cell Membrane Worksheet 1. For each of the following examples, state whether the solution is isotonic, hypertonic or hypotonic and draw an arrow to indicate which way water will move. a) b) 100% H₂O 10% NaCl 0% NaCl 90% H₂O 83 5% salt 10% saltarrow_forwardTonicity3 := Homework • Unanswered Suppose the circle represents a cell which is sitting in a solution. Compare the concentration inside the cell with the concentration of the surrounding solution to determine the tonicity of each. 1% sugar 10% sugar Drag and drop options on the right-hand side and submit. For keyboard navigation... SHOW MORE v The solution is... into/out of the cell at equal rates. The cell is... isotonic out of the cell. Water will move... hypertonic hypotonic into the cell. II II II II IIarrow_forward
- Dynamic instability causes microtubules either to grow or to shrink rapidly. Consider an individual microtubule that is in its shrinking phase. What would need to happen at the end of the microtubule in order for it to stop shrinking and to start growing again? Be specific! What would happen if only GDP, but no GTP, were present in the solution? What would happen if the solution contained an analog of GTP that cannot be hydrolyzed?arrow_forwardModel 4 - Transport Proteins: Facilitated Diffusion Extracellular Fluid mu Cytoplasmic Fluid Extracellular Fluid wwwwwwy hmmmml Cytoplasmic Fluid www.wmy wwwwwy hummu hmm wwwwwwy immmml wwwwwwwwY immu hmmmml wwwwy hmmmm O wwwwwwy wwwwwwwy imm hmmmmm Y www Y www 10. What appears to be the effect of inserting a protein channel into the membrane on the movement of molecules across the membrane? 11. Is the inner surface (facing the channel) of the embedded protein likely to be polar or nonpolar in the examples shown in Model 4? Is the exterior surface (facing the fatty acid chains of the phospholipids) of the embedded protein likely to be polar or nonpolar? Explain your reasoning. When a membrane protein assists in the passive transport of molecules across a barrier in the direction down their concentration gradient (from high concentration to low concentration) it is called facilitated diffusion. Transport proteins may also be involved in active transport where the cell uses energy from…arrow_forwardTONICITY DRAG THE WORDS INTO THE BLANK SPACES BEL@W TO ACCURATELY COMPLETE THE PARAGRAPH Hypertonic Isotonic Hypotonic Hypertonic Lsotonic Hypotonic animal cell plant cell A Above are a represented plant cell and an animal cell. Refer to the key on slide 5 and fill in the blanks below. (If you find yourself counting solute dots, you're working much too hard!) Assume that the cell membranes are allow only water (not the solutes) to pass through. Because the cytoplasms of the plant and the animal cell have equal concentrations of solutes, we can say that their cytoplasms are to each other. If we put both the plant and the animal cells into Solution A, we would expect no change in the cells, because Solution A is to the cytoplasm of each cell.arrow_forward
- Osmosis Pre-Lab Question Research the structures that protect plant and animal cells from damage resulting from osmotic pressure. Write a few sentences explaining what they are, how they work, and where they are located.arrow_forwardInvestigating 2 newly discovered unicellular species. Species 1 was isolated from the hot springs with an average water temperature of 92 degrees Celsius. Species 2 was isolated with an average water temperature of 8 degrees Celsius. You extract and measure the amount of desaturase protein from both species. State what you expect to observe with regards to desaturase levels in Species 2 compared to Species 1. (Refer to membrane fluidity and include an explanation of the differences in the structure of fatty acid chains).arrow_forwardModel 2 - Selectively Permeable Cell Membrane and Simple Diffusion Extracellular Fluid Wwwwww Cytoplasmic Fluid Extracellular Fluid www Cytoplasmic Fluid www w wwwwww www www.x www. www. www www www. ACTE Omw ww ww Type lions Type 2 molecules (glucose) Extracellular Fluid Wwwwwww Cytoplasmic Fluid Extracellular Fluid ww Cytoplasmic Fluid d wwwx w mo AM 8 MO m un www m 8 www www.x www. Summ Type 3 Urea molecules upe 4 oxygen molecules The four diagrams in Model 2 illustrate movement of four types of substances (see the table in Model 1 - the symbols in this model correspond with those from the previous model) across a phospholipid bilayer (extracellular fluid on left and cytoplasmic fluid on right). of 3. Label each diagram in Model 2 with the ion or molecule type (i.e., large/small, polar/nonpolar/charged) based on the information (including the symbols) in Model 1. 4. Assume the substances in Model 2 were on only one side of the membrane to start. The diagrams illustrate what would…arrow_forward
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