Campbell Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780135188743
Author: Urry
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 48, Problem 48.2CR
Suppose you placed an isolated neuron in a solution Similar to extracellular fluid and later transferred the neuron to a solution lacking any sodium ions. What change would you expect m the resting potential?
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Describe the contribution of each of the following to the establishment and maintenance of membrane potential:
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Passive movement of Na+ across the membrane
Compare the resting membrane potential of a neuron with the potassium and sodium equilibrium potentials. Explain how this comparison relates to the relative permeabilities of the resting plasma membrane to these two ions.
What kind of graded potential describes a change in membrane potential from 70 to 60 mV? From 70 to 80 mV?
Chapter 48 Solutions
Campbell Biology
Ch. 48.1 - Prob. 1CCCh. 48.1 - Describe the basic pathway of information flow...Ch. 48.1 - WHAT IF? How might increased branching of an axon...Ch. 48.2 - Under what circumstances could ions flow through...Ch. 48.2 - WHAT IF? Suppose a cell's membrane potential...Ch. 48.2 - MAKE CONNECTiONS Review Figure 7.10, which...Ch. 48.3 - How do action potentials and graded potentials...Ch. 48.3 - In multiple sclerosis (from the Greek skleros,...Ch. 48.3 - How do both negative and positive feedback...Ch. 48.3 - WHAT IF? Suppose a mutation caused gated sodium...
Ch. 48.4 - Prob. 1CCCh. 48.4 - Some pesticides inhibit acetylcholinesterase, the...Ch. 48.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 48 - How would severing an axon affect the flow of...Ch. 48 - Suppose you placed an isolated neuron in a...Ch. 48 - Prob. 48.3CRCh. 48 - Prob. 48.4CRCh. 48 - Level 1: Knowledge/Comprehension 1. What happens...Ch. 48 - Level 1: Knowledge/Comprehension 1. What happens...Ch. 48 - Where are neurotransmitter receptors located? (A)...Ch. 48 - Why are action potentials usually conducted in one...Ch. 48 - Which of the following is the most direct result...Ch. 48 - Suppose a particular neurotransmitter causes an...Ch. 48 - WHAT IF? Ouabain, a plant substance used in some...Ch. 48 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 48 - DRAW IT Suppose a researcher inserts a pair of...Ch. 48 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION An action potential is an...Ch. 48 - Prob. 11TYUCh. 48 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: ORGANIZATION In a short essay...Ch. 48 - Prob. 13TYU
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- Conformational changes in channel proteins brought about by voltage changes are responsible for opening and closing Na+ and K+ gates during the generation of an action potential. (True or false?)arrow_forwardDescribe the contribution of each of the following to the establishment and maintenance of membrane potential: Part A Na+K+ Pump Passive movement of K+ across the membrane Passive movement of Na+ across the membrane Part B Resting membrane potential is approximately -70mV. Explain what resting membrane potential is and what -70mV refers to.arrow_forwardThe above depolarization of a neuron will result in which of the following ionic currents? a potassium current will transport K+ ions out of the cytoplasm a sodium current will transport Na+ ions out of the cytoplasm a potassium current will transport K+ ions into the cytoplasm a sodium current will transport K+ ions out of the cytoplasm E. a sodium current will transport Na+ ions into the cytoplasmarrow_forward
- In an experiment, the extracellular [Na+] surrounding a nerve cell was reduced from 145 to 45 mM. Which of the following is the most likely effect of this on action potentials? No action potentials would occur because the concentration of extracellular Na+ is too low. The membrane potential would become more negative so the threshold for action potential generation could not be reached. The nerve cell would still produce an action potential but its amplitude would be reduced and the depolarisation phase would be slower. The nerve cell would still produce an action potential but its amplitude would be reduced and the depolarization phase would be more rapid.arrow_forwardWhat is the equilibrium membrane potential due to Na+ ions if the extracellular concentration of Na+ ions is 154 mM and the intracellular concentration of Na+ ions is 27 mM at 20 ∘C ? Please answer asap and in short and content should not be palgarised pleasearrow_forwardSuppose you placed an isolated neuron in a solution similar toextracellular fluid and later transferred the neuron to a solution lackingany sodium ions. What change would you expect in the resting potential?arrow_forward
- Let's say you have neurons in a petrie dish bath in a solution in which the extracellular K+ concentration is 5 mM and the intracellular concentration is 100 mM. Now you flood the dish with a solution containing K+ at 115 mM. What will be the Equilibrium Potential now for the cell (rounded up to the next integer)? O O mv O 4 mv O 70 mv O -70 mvarrow_forwardAt resting membrane potential for a typical neuron (-70 mV), which ion does NOT move?Na+Ca2+K+Cl-Nonearrow_forwardRepolarization occurs because Multiple Choice more sodium ions diffuse into the cell than potassium ions diffuse out of it. potassium ions continue to diffuse out of the cell after the inactivation gates of the voltage-gated sodium ion channels begin to close. the increased potassium ion permeability lasts slightly longer than the time required to bring the membrane potential back to its resting level. the extra efflux of potassium ions causes the membrane potential to become slightly more positive than the resting value. the inactivation gates of the voltage-gated sodium ion channels begin to open and the diffusion of sodium ions decreases.arrow_forward
- If a cell with the following ion concentrations had a resting membrane potential of -40mV which of the following can you conclude? Extracellular: Cl- = 110 mM, Na+ = 145 mM, K+ = 5mM. Intracellular Cl- = 20 mM, Na+ = 10 mM, K+ = 140mM a) At rest it is only permeable to potassium b) At rest it has some permeability to more than one of these ions c) At rest it is only permeable to chloride d) Rest it is not permeable to sodiumarrow_forwardYou find a neuron whose resting potential is -90mV. Which of the following are likely to be true? (select all that apply) Voltage-gated sodium channels are closed The neuron is fully permeable to sodium The neuron is permeable to potassium The neuron is hyperpolarizedarrow_forwardHyperkalemia is a condition by which ECF potassium levels become too high (usually due to kidney failure). Consider the following questions about the consequence of hyperkalemia on membrane potential. How would hyperkalemia affect EK? Considering your answer to the previous question, how would hyperkalemia affect membrane potential?arrow_forward
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