Genetics: Analysis and Principles
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259616020
Author: Robert J. Brooker Professor Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 4, Problem 1QSDC
Let’s suppose a gene exists as a functional wild-type allele and a nonfunctional mutant allele. At the organism level (i.e., at the level of visible traits), the wild-type allele is dominant. In a heterozygote, discuss whether dominance occurs at the cellular or molecular level. Discuss examples in which the issue of dominance depends on the level of examination.
Expert Solution & Answer
Trending nowThis is a popular solution!
Students have asked these similar questions
The dominance pattern of a gene can be determined from the phenotypes of the parents and offspring. In the examples below,
assume that each parent is homozygous for the specific allele and that the progeny are heterozygous. Classify each example as
either complete dominance, incomplete dominance, or codominance.
Complete dominance
Incomplete dominance
Codominance
Answer Bank
A black sheep and a white sheep produce a gray lamb.
A white cow and a red bull have a calf that is white with red spots (roan colored).
A mother with type A blood and a father with type B blood have a daughter with type AB blood.
A pea plant with all purple flowers and a pea plant with all white flowers produce a pea plant with all purple flowers.
A moth with red wings and a moth with yellow wings produce a moth with orange wings.
Shown in the pictures below are the degrees of dominance in the inheritance of flower color in some plants.
*Based on the phenotypes (or maybe genotype), differentiate between complete dominance, incomplete dominance, and codominance. Be able to discuss the difference briefly but concisely. You may also refer to the definition.
Semen from a promising bull is going to be used for artificial insemination. However, the owner is concern that the bull may carry a recessive lethal condition. Cows in the heard are 35% homozygous dominant and 65% are heterozygous for the lethal gene. Using these information calculate the number of cows that the owner has to inseminate in order to be 90% confident that the bull is not a carrier. (Assume that all cows inseminated will have healthy normal calves).
Chapter 4 Solutions
Genetics: Analysis and Principles
Ch. 4.1 - 1. Which of the following statements is true?
a....Ch. 4.2 - 1. Which of the following is not an example of a...Ch. 4.2 - Prob. 2COMQCh. 4.2 - 3. Polydactyly is a condition in which a person...Ch. 4.3 - The outcome of an individuals traits is controlled...Ch. 4.4 - Prob. 1COMQCh. 4.4 - Prob. 2COMQCh. 4.5 - Prob. 1COMQCh. 4.5 - Hemophilia is a blood-clotting disorder in humans...Ch. 4.6 - Prob. 1COMQ
Ch. 4.7 - 1. The Manx phenotype in cats is caused by a...Ch. 4.8 - Which of the following is a possible explanation...Ch. 4.9 - 1. Two different strains of sweet peas are...Ch. 4.9 - If the F1 offspring from question 1 are allowed to...Ch. 4 - 1. Describe the differences among dominance,...Ch. 4 - Discuss the differences among sex-influenced,...Ch. 4 - 3. What is meant by a gene interaction? How can a...Ch. 4 - Lets suppose a recessive allele encodes a...Ch. 4 - 5. A nectarine is a peach without the fuzz. The...Ch. 4 - 6. An allele in Drosophila produces a star-eye...Ch. 4 - A seed dealer wants to sell four-oclock seeds that...Ch. 4 - 8. The blood serum from one individual (let’s call...Ch. 4 - 9. Which blood type phenotypes (A, B, AB, and/or...Ch. 4 - A woman with type B blood has a child with type O...Ch. 4 - A type A woman is the daughter of a type O father...Ch. 4 - In Shorthorn cattle, coat color is controlled by a...Ch. 4 - In chickens, the Leghorn variety has white...Ch. 4 - Propose the most likely mode of inheritance...Ch. 4 - 15. A human disease known as vitamin D-resistant...Ch. 4 - 16. Hemophilia is an X-linked recessive trait in...Ch. 4 - 17. Incontinentia pigmenti, a rare, X-linked...Ch. 4 - 18. Scurs in cattle is a sex-influenced trait. A...Ch. 4 - In rabbits, the color of body fat is controlled by...Ch. 4 - Prob. 20CONQCh. 4 - 21. The trait of feathering in fowls is a...Ch. 4 - Based on the pedigree shown here for a trait...Ch. 4 - 23. The pedigree shown here involves a trait...Ch. 4 - Lets suppose you have pedigree data from thousands...Ch. 4 - Prob. 25CONQCh. 4 - 26. In humans, a very rare dominant allele that...Ch. 4 - 27. A sex-influenced trait in humans affects the...Ch. 4 - Three coat-color patterns that occur in some...Ch. 4 - Prob. 1EQCh. 4 - 2. In chickens, some varieties have feathered...Ch. 4 - 3. In sheep, the formation of horns is a...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4EQCh. 4 - In the clover butterfly, males are always yellow,...Ch. 4 - The Mic2 gene in humans is present on both the X...Ch. 4 - 7. Duroc Jersey pigs are typically red, but a...Ch. 4 - 8. As shown in Figure 4.17, coat color in rodents...Ch. 4 - 9. Summer squash exist in long, spherical, or disk...Ch. 4 - In a species of plant, two genes control flower...Ch. 4 - 11. Red eyes is the wild-type phenotype in...Ch. 4 - 12. As mentioned in Experimental Question E11, red...Ch. 4 - Lets suppose you were looking through a vial of...Ch. 4 - 14. When examining a human pedigree, what features...Ch. 4 - Lets suppose a gene exists as a functional...Ch. 4 - In oats, the color of the chaff is determined by a...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Heterozygous individuals perpetuate some alleles that have lethal effects in homozygous individuals. A mutated allele (ML) associated with taillessness in Manx cats (left) is an example. Cats homozygous for this allele (MLML) typically die before birth due to severe spinal cord defects. In a case of incomplete dominance, cats heterozygous for the ML allele and the normal, unmutated allele (M) have a short, stumpy tail or none at all. Two MLM cats mate. What is the probability that any one of their surviving kittens will be heterozygous?arrow_forwardConsider the following scenario: A man without freckles (freckles are a dominant trait, determined by the dominant allele “F”) is a carrier of cystic fibrosis (recall that CF is a recessive trait, determined by the recessive allele "a"), mates with a woman whose genotype is heterozygous for freckles and is also a carrier of CF. Assume the two genes in question are in different chromosomes and, therefore, assort independently. Complete the following Punnett square to generate the offspring probabilities from this couple, by entering the genotypes of the parents, the gametes, and the offspring for the two traits described above. (4) Father’s genotype ffAa Mother’s genotypeFfAa ● Sperm: fA ● Sperm: fa ● Sperm: fA ● Sperm: fa ● Egg: FA ● Egg: fA ● Egg: Fa ● Egg: fa What is the probability for this couple to have a child with freckles? What is the…arrow_forwardFor the following problem: Identify the gametes for each parent, build a Punnett Square of the probability of offspring. Show the resulting genotype ratios and the resulting phenotype ratios. The submission file on Canvas will typically have a multiple-choice component or may be a fill-in-the-blank question related to genotype and/or phenotype outcomes. Be prepared to address all of these details in the questions. In mice, brown fur (B) is dominant over gray fur (b). Show the probable outcomes of a gray mouse bred with a homozygous dominant mouse.arrow_forward
- For the following problem: Identify the gametes for each parent, build a Punnett Square of the probability of offspring. Show the resulting genotype ratios and the resulting phenotype ratios. The submission file on Canvas will typically have a multiple-choice component or may be a fill-in-the-blank question related to genotype and/or phenotype outcomes. Be prepared to address all of these details in the questions. In mice, brown fur (B) is dominant over gray fur (b). Show the probable outcomes of a gray mouse bred with a homozygous dominant mouse. b) If two of this F1 generation had offspring is there any chance of there being a mouse with recessive coloration?arrow_forwardIn Labrador retriever dogs, two alleles (B and b) determine whether coat colour will be black (B)or brown (b). Black coat colour is dominant. A second pair of alleles, E and e, are on a separatechromosome from B and b. The homozygous recessive condition, ee, prevents the expressionof either allele B or b, and produces a dog with a yellow-coloured coat. Some examples ofgenotypes and phenotypes for Labrador retrievers are shown below.Genotype PhenotypeBBEe blackbbEe brownBbee yellow Two dogs, each with the genotype, BbEe, were crossed. What is the percentageprobability that their offspring will have yellow coat colour? (Record your answer as awhole number percentage)arrow_forwardIn Shorthorn cattle, coat color is controlled by a single gene thatcan exist as a red allele (R) or a white allele (r). The heterozygotes (Rr) have a color called roan that looks less red than theRR homozygotes. However, when examined carefully, the roanphenotype in cattle is actually due to a mixture of completelyred hairs and completely white hairs. Should this be calledincomplete dominance, codominance, or something else?Explain your reasoningarrow_forward
- Compare and contrast the following pairs, include examples: 1. Genotype vs. Phenotype 2. Heterozygous vs. Homozygous 3. Dominant vs. Recessive genes 4. Codominance vs. Incomplete dominancearrow_forwardIn beetles, an X-linked gene determines body size, with normal size (M)completely dominant to miniature body size (m). Body color is determined by an autosomal gene with two alleles, where B is incompletely dominant to b such that BB beetles are black, Bb beetles are brown and bb beetles are yellow. Male beetles are heterogametic (XY). The following cross is performed: brown, miniature sized body female X brown, normal sized body male Based on this information, which of the following statements is FALSE? Select 3 correct answer(s) Question 3 options: A) 1/8 of the female progeny will have yellow miniature bodies. B) All of the male progeny will have miniature bodies. C) 1/4 of the total progeny will be black. D) 1/4 of the male progeny will have yellow miniature bodies. E) All of the female progeny will have miniature bodies.…arrow_forwardTo play Jeopardy, the answer is given. You must supply the question. Choose the best question for the following answer: Mutant allele causing malfunction of the wild-type allele, giving rise to a dominant phenotype. What is codominance? What is incomplete dominance? O What is dominant negative? O What is haploinsufficiency?arrow_forward
- For the following problem: Identify the gametes for each parent, build a Punnett Square of the probability of offspring. Show the resulting genotype ratios and the resulting phenotype ratios. The submission file on Canvas will typically have a multiple-choice component or may be a fill-in-the-blank question related to genotype and/or phenotype outcomes. Be prepared to address all of these details in the questions. a )In Pansy flowers, a gene for follower color is “incompletely dominant”. All flowers resulting from the cross of a homozygous red (R) flowering plant with a homozygous white (r) flowering plant were pink. If a pink-flowering plant is bred with another pink-flowering plant, determine the probable genotype and phenotype ratios of the offspring. b) The ratio of genotypes is ________________ .c) The ratio of phenotypes (red:pink:white) is ______________.arrow_forwardIn mice, the presence of AA alleles give rise to the agouti fur color, AAY gives rise to a yellow fur color, and AYAY is lethal, causing mice to die before birth. The B allele results in pigment formation and is dominant over the b allele. The bb genotype results in no pigment formation and gives an albino fur color irrespectively of the presence of the AA or AAY alleles. In the following cross between a yellow and agouti mice, what would be the expected proportion of agouti fur mice among the live offspring? AAY Bb X AA Bb 1/2 1/4 3/8 1/3 3/4arrow_forwardIn cats, coat color is an X-linked trait with incomplete dominance, Yellow coat is caused by the allele XT and black coat by the allele X, A tortoise is caused by the heterozygous condition. What is the correct way to represent the genotype of a cat with a tortoise coat? O XIT), XIt) O XIT), Y O XIT, YIt) O XIt), X(t) (WX O 0.25 Question 7 In cats, coat color is an X-linked trait with incomplete dominance. Yellow coat is caused by the allele XT and black coat by the allele X. A tortoise cc is caused by the heterozygous condition. What is the correct way to represent the genotype of a male cat with a black coat? O X(t) Y O XIT) Y O X(t) X(t) O X(t) Y() *ロー #3 %24 & L. E R D G K L レ prt sc alt alt く トarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)BiologyISBN:9780134580999Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. HoehnPublisher:PEARSON
Biology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStax
Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781259398629Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa StouterPublisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)BiologyISBN:9780815344322Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter WalterPublisher:W. W. Norton & Company
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781260159363Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, CynthiaPublisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)BiologyISBN:9781260231700Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael WindelspechtPublisher:McGraw Hill Education
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:PEARSON
Biology 2e
Biology
ISBN:9781947172517
Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher:OpenStax
Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781259398629
Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa Stouter
Publisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780815344322
Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter Walter
Publisher:W. W. Norton & Company
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781260159363
Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, Cynthia
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9781260231700
Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael Windelspecht
Publisher:McGraw Hill Education
Genetic Variation and Mutation | 9-1 GCSE Science Biology | OCR, AQA, Edexcel; Author: SnapRevise;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bLP8udGGfHU;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY