Biochemistry
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781319114671
Author: Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 22, Problem 7P
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The reason should be determined for the yield of 8 acetyl-CoA molecules by using only 7 CoA molecules.
Concept introduction:
The fatty acids are degraded in a sequential manner, which is two carbon units at the carboxyl end of the molecule are removed in each step. The process of beta-oxidation of fatty acids takes place inside the mitochondria, and it includes the oxidation of beta carbon of the fatty acids.
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Students have asked these similar questions
Which of the following biochemical conversions can be carried out by the least number of proteins? Assume proper metabolic conditions, abundance of cofactors, necessary accessory molecules, etc.
1 propionyl-CoA → 1 succinyl-CoA
1 palmitate (16:0) → 8 acetyl-CoA
1 acetyl-CoA + 7 malonyl-CoA → 1 palmitate (16:0)
1 palmitate (16:0) → 1 acetyl-CoA + 1 myristic acid (14:0)
1 acetyl-CoA → 1 succinate
All of the following are accurate contrasts for beta oxidation vs fatty acid synthesis except which of the following statements?
Group of answer choices
The hydroxylacyl group differs in stereochemistry between beta oxidation and biosynthesis
CoA is the acyl carrier group in beta oxidation, acyl carrier protein is the carrier in biosynthesis
The carbon unit resulting from beta oxidation is acetyl-CoA, the carbon unit for biosynthesis is malonyl-CoA
FAD is an electron acceptor in beta oxidation, NADP+ is the electron acceptor in biosynthesis
a What would be the appropriate name for an enzyme that
catalyzes each of the following reactions:
b
H3C
iOH
OH
NH₂
alanine ligase
alanine oxidoreductase
alanine isomerase
alanine transferase
OH
H3C CH3
H3C
NO₂
propanone transferase
propan-2-ol hydrolase
propan-2-ol oxidoreductase
propan-2-ol isomerase
OH
H3C CH3
Chapter 22 Solutions
Biochemistry
Ch. 22 - Prob. 1PCh. 22 - Prob. 2PCh. 22 - Prob. 3PCh. 22 - Prob. 4PCh. 22 - Prob. 5PCh. 22 - Prob. 6PCh. 22 - Prob. 7PCh. 22 - Prob. 8PCh. 22 - Prob. 9PCh. 22 - Prob. 10P
Ch. 22 - Prob. 11PCh. 22 - Prob. 12PCh. 22 - Prob. 13PCh. 22 - Prob. 14PCh. 22 - Prob. 15PCh. 22 - Prob. 16PCh. 22 - Prob. 17PCh. 22 - Prob. 18PCh. 22 - Prob. 19PCh. 22 - Prob. 20PCh. 22 - Prob. 21PCh. 22 - Prob. 22PCh. 22 - Prob. 23PCh. 22 - Prob. 24PCh. 22 - Prob. 25PCh. 22 - Prob. 26PCh. 22 - Prob. 27PCh. 22 - Prob. 28PCh. 22 - Prob. 29PCh. 22 - Prob. 30PCh. 22 - Prob. 31PCh. 22 - Prob. 32PCh. 22 - Prob. 33PCh. 22 - Prob. 34PCh. 22 - Prob. 35PCh. 22 - Prob. 36PCh. 22 - Prob. 37PCh. 22 - Prob. 38PCh. 22 - Prob. 39PCh. 22 - Prob. 40PCh. 22 - Prob. 41PCh. 22 - Prob. 42PCh. 22 - Prob. 43PCh. 22 - Prob. 44PCh. 22 - Prob. 45PCh. 22 - Prob. 46PCh. 22 - Prob. 47PCh. 22 - Prob. 48PCh. 22 - Prob. 49PCh. 22 - Prob. 50PCh. 22 - Prob. 51PCh. 22 - Prob. 52PCh. 22 - Prob. 53PCh. 22 - Prob. 54PCh. 22 - Prob. 55PCh. 22 - Prob. 56PCh. 22 - Prob. 57PCh. 22 - Prob. 58PCh. 22 - Prob. 59PCh. 22 - Prob. 60PCh. 22 - Prob. 61PCh. 22 - Prob. 62P
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- Part A Identify each of the following metabolic pathways. Drag the appropriate labels to their respective targets. Reset Help the conversion of fatty acids to 2-carbon units of acetyl CoA ketogenesis the conversion of an amino acid to an a-keto transamination acid the combination of 2-carbon units of acetyl COA to form fatty acids oxidative deamination the removal of an amino group as NH4+ from B oxidation glutamate to yield a-ketoglutarate lipogenesis the production of ketone bodiesarrow_forward29. Labels. Suppose that you had an in vitro fatty acid- synthesizing system that had all of the enzymes and cofactors required for fatty acid synthesis except for acetyl CoA. To this system, you added acetyl CoA that contained radioactive hydrogen (³H, tritium) and carbon 14 (¹4C) as shown here. 3H O 14 3H-C-C SCOA 3H The ratio of ³H/¹4C is 3. What would the ³H/14C ratio be after the synthesis of palmitic acid (C₁6) with the use of the radioactive acetyl CoA?arrow_forwardBeta-Oxidation of a 15:14⁹ fatty acid will result in the production of which of the following? 7 acetyl CoA, 1 propionyl CoA, 6 FADH2 and 6 NADH 7 acetyl CoA, 6 FADH2 and 6 NADH 6 acetyl CoA, 1 propionyl CoA, 6 FADH2 and 6 NADH 6 acetyl CoA, 1 propionyl CoA, 5 FADH2 and 6 NADH 6 acetyl CoA, 6 FADH2 and 6 NADHarrow_forward
- Consider the complete oxidation of a mixed TAG containing the following fatty acid residues:At carbon 1: cerotic acidAt carbon 2: heptadecanoic acidAt carbon 3: palmitoleic acid Draw the structure of the mixed TAG.arrow_forwardDraw the product of the dehydration reaction of the B- hydroxyacyl-SACP catalyzed by B-hydroxyacyl-ACP dehydratase (DH) in the third elongation step of fatty acid synthesis. Provide the structure in the protonation state found in physiological conditions. OH B-hydroxyacyl-ACP dehydratase (DH) O Drawing SACP Qarrow_forwardIdentify a pathway for utilization of the four carbons of acetoacetate in cholesterol biosynthesis. Carry your pathway as far as the rate-determining reaction in cholesterol biosynthesis. Drag the appropriate labels to their respective targets. succinyl-CoA succinate acetyl-CoA CoA-SH acetoacetyl-CoA HMG-CoA 2NADP 2NADPH+ 2H acetoacetate K UHL return to a mevalonate + CoA-SHarrow_forward
- Consider the mechanism of enolase, as indicated below. Which of the following correctly describes the roles of the Mg2+ as illustrated in the figure? (This is a multi- select question). Mg2+ Mg2 Enolase PO3- OH -C-C-H H OH HO H-N-H Lys 345 Glu211 2-Phosphoglycerate bound to enzyme Mg2+ Mg2 PO3- OH C-C-H OH HO H H-N*-H Lys 345 O Glu211 Enolic intermediate HOH PO3- H Phosphoenolpyruvate The metal ion (Mg2+) is helping to stabilize the extra negative charge that developed on the carboxyl group in the enolic intermediate. The metal ion (Mg2+) is serving as a general base, removing a proton in order to improve the quality of the nucleophile. The metal ion (Mg2+) is assisting in the oxidation of the carboxyl carbon through metal ion catalysis. The metal ion (Mg2+) is helping to orient the substrate properly in the active site. The metal ion (Mg2+) is accepting a proton in order to improve the quality of the leaving group.arrow_forwardConsider docosanoic acid C12H43CO2H a. Label the alpha and beta Carbons. Show the beta-oxidation in an EXPANDED structure. b. Draw each acyl CoA derived from this fatty acid. c. How many acetyl Co A molecules are formed by complete beta-oxidation? d. How many cycles of beta-oxidation are needed for complete oxidation? e. How many molecules of ATP are formed from the complete catabolism of this fatty acid? Show the complete computation. f. How many moles of ATP per gram of fatty acid is formed from the complete catabolism of the given fatty acid? g. What is the molar mass of the given fatty acid? Solution: Show here the complete computations, [from a to e]arrow_forwardComplete the balanced equation for the synthesis of the fatty acid. x Acetyl-CoA + y ATP + z NADPH + z H+ CH3(CH2)20COOH + x CoA+ y ADP + y Pi + v H₂O + Z NADP+ x=12 y=11 z=22 v=10 x=5 y=4 Z=8 v=3 x=7 y=6 Z=12 v=5 x=11 y=10 z=20 v=9arrow_forward
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