Essentials of Genetics (9th Edition) - Standalone book
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780134047799
Author: William S. Klug, Michael R. Cummings, Charlotte A. Spencer, Michael A. Palladino
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 17, Problem 3CS
Summary Introduction
To review:
The risk associated with doing gene splicing experiment by an amateur in middle and high school biology courses.
Introduction:
RDT (Recombinant DNA technology) is the manipulation of DNA by cutting, joining, and ligation process. It follows to create a combination of DNA sequences from different sources. By analyzing, sequencing, and manipulation of the gene at the genetic level, promotes the success of creating recombinant clones. Moreover, the use of RDT proves as an effective measure to treat different genetic disorders, identification of novel genes, vaccine formation, and crop improvement by genetically modified organisms (GMOs).
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Today, it is easy to make transgenic plants and animals. What are some important safety and ethical issues raised by this use of recombinant DNA technology? Explain your answer.
Practical applications of recombinant DNA technology include the:
1. Efficient production of useful proteins and development of a new type of vaccines
2. Creation of novel genotypes for the synthesis of economically important molecules.
3. Generation of DNA and RNA sequences for use in medical diagnosis.
4. all of the above
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING TECHNIQUE IS NOT USED TO MANIPULATE THE GENOME
1. siRNA
2. ZF (zinc finger)
3. TALE (transcription activator light effector)
4. CRISPR
COMMON DISEASE- COMMON VARIANT HYPOTHESIS STATES THAT
1. common disorders are likely influences by genetic variation that is also common in the population
2. if an SNP produced a deleterious mutation and changes amino acid sequence in 40% of individuals- it will produce disease phenotype in 40% individual
3. A SNP produce little change in gene expression- it will produce slight increase in risk/ manifestation of disease phenotype
4. all of the above
WHAT IS TRUE REGARDING GENE ORGANIZATION IN THE NUCLEUS…
The idea behind PCR-based diagnostics is that a very small number of microbial genomes in a patient sample can be multiplied by PCR and more easily detected by the clinical team managing the patient’s care. Also, genetic-based diagnostics are very useful for viral infections because we don’t have biochemical tests, etc. to distinguish one virus from another (remember, viruses are metabolically inactive). However, a lot of work goes into the development of these tests. For instance, PCR requires primers that are complementary to the viral genome that is being copied.
If primers are complementary to the target genome, what must scientists know to design primers that bind to the viral genome to be copied? (I mean this to be a general question; don’t look up the details of designing primers)
Chapter 17 Solutions
Essentials of Genetics (9th Edition) - Standalone book
Ch. 17 -
CASE STUDY |Should we worry about recombinant DNA...Ch. 17 - Prob. 2CSCh. 17 - Prob. 3CSCh. 17 -
HOW DO WE KNOW?
1. In this chapter we focused on...Ch. 17 - Prob. 2PDQCh. 17 - What roles do restriction enzymes, vectors, and...Ch. 17 - Prob. 4PDQCh. 17 - Prob. 5PDQCh. 17 - Prob. 6PDQCh. 17 - Prob. 7PDQ
Ch. 17 - List the advantages and disadvantages of using...Ch. 17 - What are the advantages of using a restriction...Ch. 17 - The introduction of genes into plants is a common...Ch. 17 - Prob. 11PDQCh. 17 - Prob. 12PDQCh. 17 - Prob. 13PDQCh. 17 - What advantages do cDNA libraries provide over...Ch. 17 - Prob. 15PDQCh. 17 -
16. List the steps involved in screening a...Ch. 17 -
17. In a typical PCR reaction, describe what is...Ch. 17 -
18. We usually think of enzymes as being most...Ch. 17 - How are dideoxynucleotides (ddNTPs) structurally...Ch. 17 - Prob. 20PDQCh. 17 - One complication of making a transgenic animal is...Ch. 17 -
22. When disrupting a mouse gene by knockout, why...Ch. 17 - Prob. 23PDQ
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- Write the advantages and disadvantages of applying such application in the DNA of an organism. 1. Development of genetically modified crops that are resistant to pests. 2. Drug delivery systems that are based on bacterial or viral host. 3. Producing genetically modified organisms to enhance food production. 4. Combining two or more genes in one organism to enhance its traits. 5. DNA manipulation of certain species to produce organs for harvesting.arrow_forwardA has been assembled by researchers and transplanted into a donor bacterial strain to study never before seen gene functions. Select one: a. Transgenic genome b. Recombinant DNA sequence c. Knockdown gene d. Synthetic genome o e. Recombinant plasmid Clear my choice is changing our Sequencing the human genome, the development of microarray technology, and understanding of complex diseases like cancer. They help us to observe the gene expression patterns in genetic disease by comparing the healthy tissue of individuals against the disease state of others. Select one: C a. Proteomics o b. Metagenomics MO C. Functional genomics d. Personal genomics O e. Developmental genomics Clear my choicearrow_forwardIn 500 words, discuss the Genetically Modified Organism (Benefits and Risks)arrow_forward
- Cloning Genes Is a Multistep Process In cloning human DNA, why is it necessary to insert the DNA into a vector such as a bacterial plasmid?arrow_forwardWhat Are Clones? Cloning is a general term used for whole organisms and DNA sequences. Define what we mean when we say we have a clone.arrow_forwardfomP is responsible for the chemical transformation of microplastics into ultra-efficient insulation. You take an arctic seawater sample and extract the DNA. 1. First you need to locate the gene on the bacterial chromosome. What procedure(s) would you use to identify and locate the gene? Explain how it/theywork(s). 2. Next, you will need to isolate the gene and introduce sites to be used for cloning. What would you use to make many copies of this gene? What will you need? How does it work on a molecular level?arrow_forward
- A number of advances have been made in biotechnology. CRISPR/Cas9 one of the most controversial, and has had a lot of media attention in recent years. It is a method by which scientists can precisely edit DNA sequences at exact locations. Benefits obviously include the potential to “repair” mutated genes that cause disease. In fact, preliminary results from one of the earliest clinical trials of CRISPR/Cas9 provide evidence that the technique is safe and feasible to use for treating human diseases. What other potential applications of this application do you see (you can use any organisms to illustrate your answer)? What are the potential dangers or downsides of using this technology? Do you think this technology should be used in gene editing in humans? Explain your stance.arrow_forwardDiscuss how the genetic basis of life plays a central role in biotechnology. Further, ethical considerations aside, if DNA-based technologies became widely used, discuss how they might change the way evolution proceeds, as compared with the natural evolutionary mechanisms that have operated for the past 4 billion years.arrow_forwardFor each of the following scenarios, indicate YES (it is cloning) or NO (it is not cloning). 6. ___________ Sperm taken from a male goat is combined with a female's egg in a petri dish. The resulting embryo is implanted into the female's uterus to develop 7. ___________ A sheep embryo, composed of 16 cells, is removed from the mother's uterus and separated into individual cells. Each cell is allowed to multiply, creating 16 separate embryos, which are then implanted in different female sheep to develop to maturity. 8. ___________ A cow with many desirable traits is stimulated with hormones to produce a number of egg cells. Each of these eggs is fertilized and implanted into a surrogate mother. 9. ___________ Cell nuclei from a recently deceased dog are placed into enucleated egg cells from another female dog. These egg cells are then placed into the uterus of an additional female surrogate dog, where it grows into a puppy.arrow_forward
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