Genetics: Analysis and Principles
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259616020
Author: Robert J. Brooker Professor Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 16, Problem 9CONQ
In general, explain how epigenetic modifications are an important mechanism for developmental changes that lead to specialized body parts and cell types. How do the trithorax and polycomb group complexes participate in this process?
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In general, explain how epigenetic modifications are an important mechanism for developmental changes that lead to specialized body parts and cell types. How do the trithorax and polycomb group complexes participate in thisprocess?
What condition must be fulfilled in order for histone modification to be considered an epigenetic phenomenon? Does DNA methylation meet that criterion? Explain.
What is the result when the core histones are acetylated via histone
acetyltransferase?
A) The result depends on which histone is modified.
B) The DNA becomes more tightly associated with the core.
O C) The DNA becomes less associated with the core.
This modification has no effect on how tightly associated DNA will become
with the core.
Chapter 16 Solutions
Genetics: Analysis and Principles
Ch. 16.1 - Which of the following are examples of molecular...Ch. 16.1 - 2. An epigenetic modification to a specific gene...Ch. 16.1 - Prob. 3COMQCh. 16.1 - Epigenetic changes may a. be programmed during...Ch. 16.2 - 1. For the Igf2 gene, where do de novo methylation...Ch. 16.2 - 2. For XCI to occur, where are the Xist and Tsix...Ch. 16.2 - 3. Which of the following possibilities could...Ch. 16.3 - 1. Which of the following statements about...Ch. 16.3 - The effects of paramutation may vary with regard...Ch. 16.4 - 1. When mice carrying theallele exhibit a darker...
Ch. 16.4 - 2. If the VIN3 gene had a loss-of-function...Ch. 16.5 - Prob. 1COMQCh. 16.5 - Prob. 2COMQCh. 16 - Prob. 1CONQCh. 16 - List and briefly describe five types of molecular...Ch. 16 - Prob. 3CONQCh. 16 - What is the key difference between cis and...Ch. 16 - Prob. 5CONQCh. 16 - Prob. 6CONQCh. 16 - 7. Outline the molecular steps in the process of...Ch. 16 - Prob. 8CONQCh. 16 - 9. In general, explain how epigenetic...Ch. 16 - 10. What are the contrasting roles of trithorax...Ch. 16 - Describe the molecular steps by which polycomb...Ch. 16 - Prob. 12CONQCh. 16 - Using coat color in mice and the development of...Ch. 16 - How can environmental agents that do not cause...Ch. 16 - Prob. 15CONQCh. 16 - Prob. 16CONQCh. 16 - Explain how the VIN3/PRC2 complex specifically...Ch. 16 - Prob. 1EQCh. 16 - In the experiments described in Figure 16.8,...Ch. 16 - Prob. 3EQCh. 16 - A research study indicated that an agent in...Ch. 16 - Lets suppose you were interested in developing...Ch. 16 - Prob. 6EQCh. 16 - Prob. 7EQCh. 16 - 2. Discuss the similarities and differences of...
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- What are the mechanisms in which DNA is used to generate protein. What are the key points in the process and major differences between the mechanism in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells Although the DNA in our genes is considered to be the heritable genetic material, other factors, including the environment are considered to play an important role in the activity and expression of those genes. Summarize the role that epigenetics & developmental epigenetics play in health & disease.arrow_forwardWhich of the following epigenetic changes could lead to reduced transcription of a particular gene?. Please make sure to select all correct answersarrow_forwardTranscriptional regulation relies on chromatin modifications that affect the physical state of chromatin and the accessibility of genomic DNA to RNA polymerase. This is commonly referred to as epigenetic regulation of gene expression, and it is highly dynamic. Epigenetic modifications vary from cell to cell and vary over time and in response to different environmental conditions within the same cell. Fill in the table below based on your knowledge of the impact of different epigenetic modifications on chromatin structure and transcription. Chromatin/DNA Modification Protein Responsible Effect on Chromatin Effect on Transcription of Associated Genes Histone Acetylation ? ? ? ? HDAC ? ? Histone Demethylation ? ? ? ? HMT ? ? DNA Methylation ? ? ?arrow_forward
- How is the Mc1R gene synthesized from chromosomes and how does it produce itself into a melanocortin receptor protein? Does this process have to involve structures like DNA, RNA, ribosomes, or amino acids? If so, how?arrow_forwardhttps://ny.pbslearningmedia.org/resource/biot09.sci.life.gen.epigenetics/epigenetics/ Explain DNA methylation. How does this process influence cellular function?arrow_forwardDNA methylation is considered an epigenetic phenomenon because the pattern of methylation can be inherited. Briefly discuss the question of whether histone modifications in chromatin represent an epigenetic phenomenon.arrow_forward
- How does the activity of human p53 get regulated through the interaction of the transactivation domains with its corresponding macromolecules when the cell is under stress vs unstressed conditions? based on this articles Primary paper: Lee, C. W., Martinez-Yamout, M. A., Dyson, H. J., & Wright, P. E. (2010). Structure of the p53 Transactivation Domain in Complex with the Nuclear Receptor Coactivator Binding Domain of CREB Binding Protein. Biochemistry, 49(46), 9964–9971. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2982890/#SD1 https://www.rcsb.org/structure/2L14 PDB file for TAD domainarrow_forwardBase on your knowledge of DNA, chromosomes and epigenetics and upon examining the picture below, name two epigenetic factors and at least one non-epigenetic factor present on this picture. [HINT: which of the factors shown on the picture do you expect to change based on the interactions with an environment and which you expect unchanged?] Methyl Group DNA Chromatin Epigenetic Factor Histone Histone Tails Chromosomearrow_forwardThe use of embryonic stem cells has been proposed for replacing cells that are destroyed by disease or injury. Because of ethical concerns about creating and destroying embryos to produce embryonic stem cells, researchers have attempted to create induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). In this chapter, we discussed studies showing that iPSCs retain some epigenetic marks from the differentiated adult cells from which they were derived. What implications might this research have for attempts to use iPSCs to regrow cells and tissues?arrow_forward
- ATM is a kinase that phosphorylates histone H2AX in response to double-stranded DNA breaks. Which of the following scenarios would most quickly regulate ATM activity in the cell? a) Adding silencing methyl groups to cytosines in the Atm gene b) Modifying the histone code for the Atm gene c) Increasing expression of a miRNA specific for the Atm mRNA d) Activating an E3 ubiquitin ligase specific for the ATM proteinarrow_forwardWhat is epigenetics and what are the three major epigenetic modification mechanisms?arrow_forwardWhat is the key difference between cis- and trans-epigenetic mechanisms for maintaining an epigenetic modification? We considered genomic imprinting of the Igf2 gene, in whichoffspring express the copy of the gene they inherit from their father,but not the copy they inherit from their mother. Is this a cisora trans-epigenetic mechanism?arrow_forward
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