Microbiology: An Evolving Science (Fourth Edition)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780393615098
Author: John W. Foster, Joan L. Slonczewski
Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Question
Chapter 7.3, Problem 1TQ
Summary Introduction
To review:
The semiconservative nature of deoxyribonucleic acid (
Introduction:
The replication of cellular DNA is semiconservative in which each daughter cell receives one parental and one newly synthesized strand. It involves the formation of a replication bubble with two replication forks in the bacterial cells. The replication is bidirectional as it begins at a fixed position and proceeds in the opposite direction.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
Explain the principles behind DNA isolation using silica membrane spin column from Qiagen.
2 After DNA isolation using Qiagen extraction kit, the final flow through was subjected to
spectrophotometric measurements. Explain the situation if the absorbances were found to be:
i) The absorbance at 260 nm is higher than absorbance at 280 nm?
ii) The absorbance at 230 is higher than absorbance at 260 nm?
Why is the company Qiagen has more refined DNA extraction steps than a normal Strawberry DNA extraction practical?
Summary of Qiagen DNA extraction steps
Add ATL buffer and grind with sample. Add 20 microliters of enzyme Proteinase K to degrade protein into a 1.5-2ml microcentrifuge tube. Add 200 microlitres AL lysis buffer, and mix by vortexing for 5–10 seconds, which breaks cell membrane allowing DNA to be released. Incubate the sample at 56 degrees for 10 minutes. Mix the cell lysate with 200 microlitres ethanol by pipetting it at the side of the microcentrifuge wall so DNA precipitates. The DNA forms a white layer and the remaining liquid is discarded. Pipet the mixture into DNeasy Mini spin column placed in a 2 ml collection tube. Centrifuge for a minute at 8000 rpm. Place the mini spin column into a 2 ml collection tube, add 500 µl Buffer AW1, and centrifuge for 1 min at 8000 rpm. Then add it to a new 2 ml collection tube (provided), add 500 µl Buffer AW1, and centrifuge for 1…
Agarose gel electrophoresis is a technique used to separate DNA fragments on an agarose
matrix. The DNA is then viewed by staining or under UV light.
(i)
What is the direction of DNA migration in electric field on the agarose gel? · .
(ii)
Explain the principle for the migration of DNA molecules in an electric field.
(iii)
DNA loading dye is used to prepare DNA markers and samples for loading on the
agarose gel. State the function of bromophenol blue in the loading dye.
Chapter 7 Solutions
Microbiology: An Evolving Science (Fourth Edition)
Ch. 7.2 - Prob. 1TQCh. 7.2 - Prob. 2TQCh. 7.2 - Prob. 3TQCh. 7.2 - Prob. 4TQCh. 7.3 - Prob. 1TQCh. 7.3 - Prob. 2TQCh. 7.3 - Prob. 3TQCh. 7.3 - Prob. 4TQCh. 7.3 - Prob. 5TQCh. 7.6 - Prob. 1TQ
Ch. 7.6 - Prob. 2TQCh. 7.6 - Prob. 3TQCh. 7 - Prob. 1RQCh. 7 - Prob. 2RQCh. 7 - Prob. 3RQCh. 7 - Prob. 4RQCh. 7 - Prob. 5RQCh. 7 - Prob. 6RQCh. 7 - Prob. 7RQCh. 7 - Prob. 8RQCh. 7 - Prob. 9RQCh. 7 - Prob. 10RQCh. 7 - Prob. 11RQCh. 7 - Prob. 12RQCh. 7 - Prob. 13RQCh. 7 - Prob. 14RQCh. 7 - Prob. 15RQCh. 7 - Prob. 1TQCh. 7 - Prob. 2TQCh. 7 - Prob. 3TQ
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Derive a mathematical equation that calculates the speed at which DNA molecules move when placed inside a gel electrophoresis setup fixed at 100 V. Assume that the DNA molecule is 1.0 kbp long in length and that the speed is inversely proportional to the friction coefficient f. How long should a gel be if you will run the experiment for the next half an hour in an agarose gel with f = 0.70arrow_forwardBoth protein and DNA are run together in an isoelectric focusing (IEF) electrophoresis using the immobilised pH gradient (IPG) strip with pH range of 4-7. After the electrophoresis and staining, only ONE band is observed on the middle of the IPG strip. The band is a protein band. Briefly explain why only the protein band and NOT the DNA band appear on the IPG strip.arrow_forwardAnswer part C of the following: A) E. coli DNA and binturong DNA are both 50% G-C. If you randomly shear E. coli DNA into 1000 bp fragments and put it through density gradient equilibrium centrifugation, you will find that all the DNA bands at the same place in the gradient, and if you graph the distribution of DNA fragments in the gradient you will get a single peak (see below). If you perform the same experiment with binturong DNA, you will find that a small fraction of the DNA fragments band separately in the gradient (at a different density) and give rise to a small "satellite" peak on a graph of the distribution of DNA fragments in the gradient (see below). Why do these two DNA samples give different results, when they're both 50% G-C? See graph B. B) If you denatured the random 1000 bp fragments of binturong DNA that you produced in question 1a by heating them to 95ºC, and then cooled them down to 60ºC and allowed them to reanneal, you would find that approximately 15% of the…arrow_forward
- During agarose gel electrophoresis, why does DNA move through the gel when electric current is applied? because DNA is negatively charged because a charged chemical from the loading buffer is bound to the DNA because DNA is positively charged because DNA absorbs electricityarrow_forwardAgarose gel electrophoresis is a technique used to separate DNA fragments on an agarose matrix. The DNA is then viewed by staining under UV light. (i) Explain the principle for the migration of DNA molecules in an electric field. DNA loading dye is used to prepare DNA markers and samples for loading on the agarose gel. State the function of bromophenol blue in the loading dye. (ii)arrow_forwardOne micromole of 48-nucleotide(nt) DNA was synthesized via solid phase synthesis. This sample contains salts and DNA strands in different lengths (32-48 nt). Please propose a procedure and instruments to purify and confirm only 48-nt DNA from the mixture?arrow_forward
- Show the calculations for the preparation of 0.01%, 0.001%, 0.0001%, 0.00001% standard DNA solutions via serial dilution from a 0.1% stock solution. Prepare 10.0 mL of 0.10% standard DNA solution using acetate buffer pH 4.6 as solvent. Prepare four different concentrations of the 0.10% standard DNA solution from step 1 via serial dilution to obtain 0.01%, 0.001%, 0.0001%, 0.00001% standard DNA solutions. Obtain seven clean and dry test tubes. Place 1.50 mL solutions in each tube as follows: Table 2.1. Set-up for the diphenylamine assay. Test tube # Content 1 (blank) acetate buffer pH 4.6 2 0.10% standard DNA 3 0.01% standard DNA 4 0.001% standard DNA 5 0.0001% standard DNA 6 0.00001% standard DNA 7 DNA extract from Part I Add 3.50 mL diphenylamine reagent to each tube, swirl each tube to thoroughly mix the contents and heat for 10 mins in a boiling water bath. Cool immediately under tap water. Read absorbances at 595 nm.…arrow_forwardWhich of the following correctly describes a possible scenario during a run of gel electrophoresis with DNA samples? Because DNA molecules are positively-charged due to the phosphate groups in their backbone, DNA fragements will migrate from the anode to the cathode. Because DNA molecules are negatively-charged due to the phosphate groups in their backbone, DNA fragments will migrate from the anode to the cathode. O Shorter fragments of DNA are lighter. Hence, they move faster through the gel and travel the farthest from the wells. Larger fragments of DNA move faster through the gel and travel the farthest from the wells.arrow_forwardExplain how to prepare 2 ml of a solution with a concentration of 1 μg/5ml from a stock solution of a DNA sample with a concentration of 0.1 mg/ml.arrow_forward
- The transformation results below were obtained with 10 ul of intact plasmid DNA at nine concentrations. The following numbers of colonies are obtained when 100 ul of transformed cells are plated on selective medium: Fill in the following table: Concentration # colonies DNA mass of Fraction of Mass Transformation PGREEN (Concentration x volume OR X spread = x 10ul plasmid solution) PGREEN in cell Cell efficiency Y÷ A suspension suspension spread = 100 ul - total vol cell susp. (Colonies - Mass spread) C x Z = A See (510 ul) HINT: this calculation is constant Given= X Given=Y С. Z. 0.00001 ug/ul | 4 0.00005 ug/ul 12 0.0001 ug/ul 0.0005 ug/ul 32 125 0.001 ug/ul 442 0.005 µg/ul 0.01 ug/ul 0.05 ug/ul 0.1 ug/ul 542 507 475 516 0.5 ug/ul 505arrow_forward1) Prepare the following enzymatic reaction, present it in tabulated form. In a final volume of 30 ul, where buffer 4 (10 ml). How much volume of each reagent would be used and how much of water? Is there any problem? 2) The DNA pol 1 enzyme comes at a concentration of 50,000 U/ml. You have to prepare a 50 ug PCR reaction where you must use 0.05 U/ml reaction. You add 10 ul of PCR buffer, 2 ng of tempered DNA that is at a concentration of 0.5 ng/ul, primers (which are at 200 mM) so that each one remains at a concentration of 200 uM, Mg+2 that is 5 mM (10 X), enzyme and water. Present the table of all the reagents included in the reaction, the volumes of each one in ul. Present where the initial and final concentration of each reagent applies. Assume you have micropipettes for all values.arrow_forwardQ1) a) Draw the absorbance spectra for the following DNA samples. a. Pure DNA without protein contamination DNA with protein contamination b. c. DNA with organic solvent contamination b) An aqueous sample of genomic DNA gave an optical density of 0.6 AU. The sample was diluted 1:50 to achieve an OD below 1.0. The measurement was done in a cuvette with a pathlength of 1 cm. What was the concentration of DNA in the original sample BEFORE dilution? എന്ന് എന്നി per a WANANG KASAMA NA www in de for at de er der er en Iarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)BiologyISBN:9780134580999Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. HoehnPublisher:PEARSONBiology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStaxAnatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781259398629Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa StouterPublisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
- Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)BiologyISBN:9780815344322Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter WalterPublisher:W. W. Norton & CompanyLaboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781260159363Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, CynthiaPublisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)BiologyISBN:9781260231700Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael WindelspechtPublisher:McGraw Hill Education
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:PEARSON
Biology 2e
Biology
ISBN:9781947172517
Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher:OpenStax
Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781259398629
Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa Stouter
Publisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780815344322
Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter Walter
Publisher:W. W. Norton & Company
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781260159363
Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, Cynthia
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9781260231700
Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael Windelspecht
Publisher:McGraw Hill Education
cell culture and growth media for Microbiology; Author: Scientist Cindy;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EjnQ3peWRek;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY