Microbiology: An Evolving Science (Fourth Edition)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780393615098
Author: John W. Foster, Joan L. Slonczewski
Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company
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Chapter 7, Problem 2TQ
Summary Introduction
To review:
Death of a bacterial cell when an antibiotic drug is formed.
Introduction:
Supercoiling is a unique or special property of double-stranded or circular DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). The supercoiling of DNA also changes the topology of DNA. It provides an explanation for the connection between spatial features of an object. Enzymes that are responsible for supercoiling are called topoisomerases.
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Some antibiotic drugs fight infection by interfering with DNA replication, transcription, or translation in bacteria. Indicate whether each of the following antibiotic drug effects is on replication, transcription, or translation.
HINT Each answer (replication, transcription, and translation) is used only once for the following:
a. Rifampin binds to bacterial RNA polymerase.
b. Streptomycin binds bacterial ribosomes, disabling them.
c. Quinolone blocks an enzyme that prevents bacterial DNA from unwinding.
The following statements are correct EXCEPT:
A) Information in the DNA is transcribed int mRNA and translated into proteins
B) Information in the DNA is translated int mRNA and transcribed into proteins
C) Information in the DNA is copied by DNA polymerase
D) The lagging strand during DNA replication is synthesized continuously to form the okazaki fragments
E) B and D
Below is a diagram of DNA replication as currently believed to occur in E. coli. Arrows start from numbers and end at specific points. Answer the questions relating to the locations specified by the numbers
(1) Which end (5' or 3') of the molecule is here?
(2) Which enzyme is probably functioning here to deal with supercoils in the DNA?
(3) Which enzyme is probably functioning here to unwind the DNA?
Chapter 7 Solutions
Microbiology: An Evolving Science (Fourth Edition)
Ch. 7.2 - Prob. 1TQCh. 7.2 - Prob. 2TQCh. 7.2 - Prob. 3TQCh. 7.2 - Prob. 4TQCh. 7.3 - Prob. 1TQCh. 7.3 - Prob. 2TQCh. 7.3 - Prob. 3TQCh. 7.3 - Prob. 4TQCh. 7.3 - Prob. 5TQCh. 7.6 - Prob. 1TQ
Ch. 7.6 - Prob. 2TQCh. 7.6 - Prob. 3TQCh. 7 - Prob. 1RQCh. 7 - Prob. 2RQCh. 7 - Prob. 3RQCh. 7 - Prob. 4RQCh. 7 - Prob. 5RQCh. 7 - Prob. 6RQCh. 7 - Prob. 7RQCh. 7 - Prob. 8RQCh. 7 - Prob. 9RQCh. 7 - Prob. 10RQCh. 7 - Prob. 11RQCh. 7 - Prob. 12RQCh. 7 - Prob. 13RQCh. 7 - Prob. 14RQCh. 7 - Prob. 15RQCh. 7 - Prob. 1TQCh. 7 - Prob. 2TQCh. 7 - Prob. 3TQ
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- Explain why errors in DNA replication are rare events in cells?arrow_forwardThe DNA content in a cell is exactly double (2N) its original content in the following stages of replication A) G1 B) G0 C) S D) G2 E) Marrow_forwardIn DNA replication, the role of topoisomerase is to Question 11 options: a) "unzip" the double stranded DNA in front of DNA polymerase. b) maintain the single stranded DNA. c) supercoil the DNA after the replication fork has passed. d) relieve supercoil tension in the DNA in front of the replication fork.arrow_forward
- In DNA replication, there are leading and lagging strands because A) DNA replication is conservative and a completely new DNA molecule must be made. B) DNA replication is semiconservative and each strand is copied simultaneously in opposite directions. C) the strands of DNA are parallel and are copied in the same direction simultaneously. D) one strand of DNA is copied faster than the other.arrow_forwardDescribe the steps of DNA replication. ( keep it short please:) )arrow_forwardA scientist uses a molecule of DNA composed of radioactive nucleotides as a template for replication and transcription in a nonradioactive environment. a) What percentage of individual strands of DNA will be radioactive after three (3) DNA replication cycles? 2. b) What percentage of RNA will be radioactive?arrow_forward
- In the diagram of replication shown here, fill in the blanks with the appropriate terms: (a) base pair, (b) base, (c) nucleotide, (d) template strand, (e) newly synthesized strand, (f) separating strands.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is NOT correct concerning the initiation of replication in E. coli? Question 29 options: A) It involves a region of the DNA called oriC. B) DnaA proteins bind to the DNA to begin separation of the strands. C) The strands are initially separated at GC-rich regions of DNA. D) Following initial separation, enzymes continue to separate the parental DNA strands around the rest of the chromosome.arrow_forwardExplain the following statement : a) initiation of bacteriall DNA replication is an energy requiring process b) bacterial DNA polymerase can enter the termination sequence but cannot exisarrow_forward
- Which of the following involves remarkable capacity of short segment of DNA to move from one place to another?a) DNA transpositionb) DNA replicationc) Translationd) Transcriptionarrow_forwardWhy is DNA replication is considered a semi-discontinuous process? Explain in detail.arrow_forwardThe entire complex that forms to initiate DNA replication is known as A) translation complex B) replication bubble C) replisome D) replication forkarrow_forward
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