Foundations of Materials Science and Engineering
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259696558
Author: SMITH
Publisher: MCG
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Textbook Question
Chapter 4.8, Problem 2KCP
Define the homogeneous nucleation process for the solidification of a pure metal.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
Describe the cooling of a peritectic alloy with the concentration
CO and sketch the microstructure during solidification.
T
S+α
8
S
S+B
a+ß
В
с
(b)
What are the factors that affecting the freezing rate during solidification of
the molten metal and evaluate why nearly all metals experience shrinkage
during solidification process.
Q1/ In a homogeneous solidification process, assume molten metal solidifies into a spherical
nucleus with a BCC structure. The given data are; lattice parameter (0.292 nm), the heat of
fusion energy (1.85×10-9 J/m³), latent surface free energy (0.204 J/m²), critical radius (1-35
nm), equilibrium melting temperature (1516 K), and room temperature (27 °C). Calculate the
following for this metal;
(a) supercooling value temperature (b) activation tree energy (c) number of atoms in a
nucleus of critical size.
Chapter 4 Solutions
Foundations of Materials Science and Engineering
Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 1KCPCh. 4.8 - Define the homogeneous nucleation process for the...Ch. 4.8 - In the solidification of a pure metal, what are...Ch. 4.8 - In the solidification of a metal, what is the...Ch. 4.8 - During solidification, how does the degree of...Ch. 4.8 - Distinguish between homogeneous and heterogeneous...Ch. 4.8 - Describe the grain structure of a metal ingot that...Ch. 4.8 - Distinguish between equiaxed and columnar grains...Ch. 4.8 - How can the grain size of a cast ingot be refined?...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 10KCP
Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 11KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 12KCPCh. 4.8 - Distinguish between a substitutional solid...Ch. 4.8 - What are the conditions that are favorable for...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 15KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 16KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 17KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 18KCPCh. 4.8 - Describe the structure of a grain boundary. Why...Ch. 4.8 - Describe and illustrate the following planar...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 21KCPCh. 4.8 - Describe the optical metallography technique. What...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 23KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 24KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 25KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 26KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 27KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 28KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 29KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 30KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 31KCPCh. 4.8 - Calculate the size (radius) of the critically...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 33AAPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 34AAPCh. 4.8 - Calculate the number of atoms in a critically...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 36AAPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 37AAPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 38AAPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 39AAPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 40AAPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 41AAPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 42AAPCh. 4.8 - Determine, by counting, the ASTM grain-size number...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 44AAPCh. 4.8 - For the grain structure in Problem 4.43, estimate...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 46AAPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 47SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 48SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 49SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 50SEPCh. 4.8 - In Chapter 3 (Example Problem 3.11), we calculated...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 52SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 53SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 54SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 55SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 56SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 57SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 58SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 59SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 60SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 61SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 62SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 63SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 64SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 65SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 66SEP
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, mechanical-engineering and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Explain how grain boundaries are formed upon solidification of metals.arrow_forward3 Materials Science. From picture below.Describe in detail the phase transformations (showing cooling curves, corresponding optical backgrounds, etc.) that takes place during solidification of the following alloys:(a) 99% Cu - 1% Al(b) 96% Cu - 4% Al(c) 80% Cu - 20% Alarrow_forwardDefine nucleation phasearrow_forward
- i need the answer to this question please not the composition : Discuss the indicators of solidification initiation and termination and the implied alloy composition(s)arrow_forwardThe relation between dendrite arm spacing (X) and the solidification time (t) is given by X Al" a. b. X At " X At " d X- At"arrow_forwardCalculate the degrees of freedom for Points 1-4 in the copper-nickel binary phase diagramarrow_forward
- Question-6. For solidification of a piece of FCC-metal at 860 °C. The melting point of the metal is 1260 °C. The latent heat of fusion and surface free energy are -2.16 x108 J/m³ and 0.126 J/m², respectively. If nucleation is homogeneous, answer the following questions: (a) Compute the critical radius r* in nm (b) Compute the activation free energy AG* in J (c) If the lattice parameter is 0.26 nm at the melting temperature, compute the number of atoms found in a nucleus of critical size (d) Compute the critical radius at the supercooling degree of 260 K.arrow_forwardWhat is a eutectic composition?arrow_forwardSketch a phase diagram for two soluble components. Show the melting tem-perature of each element. Label all axes, curves, and zones.arrow_forward
- a- Calculate the size of the critical nucleus of tin (Sn) after it has been supercooled by 20 °C. Assume that nucleation is uniform. For the solidification of tin (melting point is 232 °C), the enthalpy change is 0.42 GJ/m³. The interfacial energy between liquid and solid is 0.055 J/m². b- Answer the following questions? (Chose only two) 1- What are the advantages of the Hydrothermal growth method? 2- What are the parameters that the perfection of the final crystal is based on by using the growth from the Gel method? 3- What are the types of techniques for growing crystals from the vapor phase?arrow_forwardChemistry is it possible to predict the metallic phases that may arise during the casting and solidification of any liquid metal (non ferrous metal) ?arrow_forward(a) Figure 5 shows a phase diagram for the Nb-80 wt% W alloy which is solidified under under the nonequilibrium condition. Evaluate (i) the liquidus temperature (ii) the non-equilibrium solidus temperature (iii) the freezing range (iv) the composition of the first solid form during solidification (v) the composition of the last liquid to solidify (vi) the phase(s) present, the composition of the phase(s) and the amount of the phase(s) at 3000 °C (vii) the phase(s) present, the composition of the phase(s) and the amount of the phase(s) at 2800 °C.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Welding: Principles and Applications (MindTap Cou...Mechanical EngineeringISBN:9781305494695Author:Larry JeffusPublisher:Cengage Learning
Welding: Principles and Applications (MindTap Cou...
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9781305494695
Author:Larry Jeffus
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Intro to Ceramics and Glasses — Lesson 2, Part 1; Author: Ansys Learning;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ArDFnBWH-8w;License: Standard Youtube License