Foundations of Materials Science and Engineering
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259696558
Author: SMITH
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 4.8, Problem 17KCP
(a)
To determine
Describe and illustrate the Frenkel imperfection that can exist in crystal lattices.
(b)
To determine
Describe and illustrate the Schottky imperfection that can exist in crystal lattices.
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Students have asked these similar questions
The accompanying figure shows a unit cell for a hypothetical metal.
(a) To which crystal system does this unit cell belong?
(b) What would this crystal structure be called?
(c) Calculate the density of the material, given that its atomic weight is 145 g/mol.
+2
90°i
0.40 nm
+y
90°
90°
0.30 nm
0.30 nm
+X
The accompanying figure shows a unit cell for a hypothetical metal.
(a) To which crystal system does this unit cell belong?
(b) What would this crystal structure be called?
(c) Calculate the density of the material, given that its atomic weight is 145 g/mol.
+2
90°i
0.40 nm
+y
90°
90°
0.30 nm
- 0.30 nm
One slip system for the HCP crystal structure is
{0001}(1120). In a manner similar to Figure 7.6b,
sketch a {0111}-type plane for the HCP structure
and, using arrows, indicate three different (1120)
slip directions within this plane. You may find
Figure 3.9 helpful.
Chapter 4 Solutions
Foundations of Materials Science and Engineering
Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 1KCPCh. 4.8 - Define the homogeneous nucleation process for the...Ch. 4.8 - In the solidification of a pure metal, what are...Ch. 4.8 - In the solidification of a metal, what is the...Ch. 4.8 - During solidification, how does the degree of...Ch. 4.8 - Distinguish between homogeneous and heterogeneous...Ch. 4.8 - Describe the grain structure of a metal ingot that...Ch. 4.8 - Distinguish between equiaxed and columnar grains...Ch. 4.8 - How can the grain size of a cast ingot be refined?...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 10KCP
Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 11KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 12KCPCh. 4.8 - Distinguish between a substitutional solid...Ch. 4.8 - What are the conditions that are favorable for...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 15KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 16KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 17KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 18KCPCh. 4.8 - Describe the structure of a grain boundary. Why...Ch. 4.8 - Describe and illustrate the following planar...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 21KCPCh. 4.8 - Describe the optical metallography technique. What...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 23KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 24KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 25KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 26KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 27KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 28KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 29KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 30KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 31KCPCh. 4.8 - Calculate the size (radius) of the critically...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 33AAPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 34AAPCh. 4.8 - Calculate the number of atoms in a critically...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 36AAPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 37AAPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 38AAPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 39AAPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 40AAPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 41AAPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 42AAPCh. 4.8 - Determine, by counting, the ASTM grain-size number...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 44AAPCh. 4.8 - For the grain structure in Problem 4.43, estimate...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 46AAPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 47SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 48SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 49SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 50SEPCh. 4.8 - In Chapter 3 (Example Problem 3.11), we calculated...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 52SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 53SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 54SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 55SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 56SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 57SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 58SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 59SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 60SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 61SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 62SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 63SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 64SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 65SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 66SEP
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- One slip system for the BCC crystal structure is {110} . Sketch this plane along with the BCC atoms and identify two different slip directions within this plane.arrow_forwardGiven that the expression for the equilibrium concentration of point defects are similar for pure metals, will there be identical amount of vacancies and (self-) interstitial atoms at room temperature? Justify your answerarrow_forwardOne slip system for the HCP crystal structure is {0001}. Sketch this plane along with the HCP atoms and identify 3 different slip directions within this plane.arrow_forward
- Slip Systems 1. One slip system for the BCC crystal structure is {110}(111). In a manner similar to Figure 7.6b, sketch a {110} -type plane for the BCC structure, representing atom positions with circles. Now, using arrows, indicate two different (111) slip directions within this plane. E D (a) Figure 7.6 B A D E F (b)arrow_forwardMake all possible reactions between (perfect) dislocations in (11-1) and (1-1-1) in an FCC crystal. Among them, which ones are Lomer locks?arrow_forwardA hypothetical tetrahedral crystal has the following lattice parameters: a = b = 0.40 nm, c = 0.5 nm, a = B = y = 90°. Please write the indices of all planes/directions that belong to the family of (i) {100} and (ii)arrow_forward
- 7- Cooling tin metal from room temperature to temperatures below 13.2°C results in crystal change from White (B) tin tetragonal structure to Gray (a) tin diamond cubic structure. White (B) tin 13.2°C Cooling Gray (a) tin The lattice parameters of (B) tin are: a = b = 0.40 nm, c = 0.34 nm. For a diamond cubic structure: 8R=a√3 Calculate the volume change due to structure change upon cooling to temperature below 13.2 °C.arrow_forwardThe force of attraction between a divalent cation and a monovalent anion is 8.02x10-9 N. If the ionic radius of the cation is 0.060 nm, (q=1.6x10-19 C, k0=9x109 V∙m/C). What is the anion radius?arrow_forwardFor austenitic stainless steel, Cu, and Al (all FCC metals): a. Calculate the actual magnitudes of the full and partial dislocations, assuming that the lattice parameters are 0.365 nm, 0.362 nm, and 0.405 nm, respectively. b. Calculate the equilibrium partial dislocation separation distance d for all three materials. c. Put the numbers from part (b) in context by comparing them to the atomic size (diameter) and lattice parameter for each material. d. In which of the three material(s) is wavy glide very likely to be observed?arrow_forward
- Consider a unit cell with lattice dimensions a, b, and c in the x-, y and z directions. Which of the following sets of Miller indices can represent a crystallographic plane with intercepts of b and (c/4) along the y- and z-axes respectively? (more than one answer is possible for this question. marks will only be awarded for the question if all the correct options are selected (i.e. 'all or nothing' marking scheme). a. b. C. d. (214) (421) (114) e. (412)arrow_forwardThe density of a sample of HCP beryllium is 1.844 g/cm 3 , and the lattice parameters are a 0 = 0.22858 nm and c 0 = 0.35842 nm. Calculate (a) the fraction of the lattice points that contains vacancies: and (b) the total number of vacancies in a cubic centimetre of Bearrow_forward10- Iron, Fe, can have two different crystal structure (BCC and FCC). In order to determine the crystal structure, X-ray diffraction was measured and the diffraction pattern of an iron piece is given here. Based on this, calculate the lattice parameter of this sample and determine its crystal structure, knowing that lattice parameter of FCC and BCC iron are 0.35 nm and 0.28 nm, respectively. Hints: Assume n in Bragg's law =1, and wavelength of 0.154 nm. Intensity (relative) |A|AW|WN|Lista batnashchen women in 30.0 50.0 60.0 Diffraction angle 20 20.0 40.0 70.0 80.0arrow_forward
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