Foundations of Materials Science and Engineering
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259696558
Author: SMITH
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 4.8, Problem 16KCP
To determine
Describe and illustrate the following types of point imperfections that can be presentin metal lattices: (a) vacancy, (b) divacancy, and (c) interstitialcy.
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Chapter 4 Solutions
Foundations of Materials Science and Engineering
Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 1KCPCh. 4.8 - Define the homogeneous nucleation process for the...Ch. 4.8 - In the solidification of a pure metal, what are...Ch. 4.8 - In the solidification of a metal, what is the...Ch. 4.8 - During solidification, how does the degree of...Ch. 4.8 - Distinguish between homogeneous and heterogeneous...Ch. 4.8 - Describe the grain structure of a metal ingot that...Ch. 4.8 - Distinguish between equiaxed and columnar grains...Ch. 4.8 - How can the grain size of a cast ingot be refined?...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 10KCP
Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 11KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 12KCPCh. 4.8 - Distinguish between a substitutional solid...Ch. 4.8 - What are the conditions that are favorable for...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 15KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 16KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 17KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 18KCPCh. 4.8 - Describe the structure of a grain boundary. Why...Ch. 4.8 - Describe and illustrate the following planar...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 21KCPCh. 4.8 - Describe the optical metallography technique. What...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 23KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 24KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 25KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 26KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 27KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 28KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 29KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 30KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 31KCPCh. 4.8 - Calculate the size (radius) of the critically...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 33AAPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 34AAPCh. 4.8 - Calculate the number of atoms in a critically...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 36AAPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 37AAPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 38AAPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 39AAPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 40AAPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 41AAPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 42AAPCh. 4.8 - Determine, by counting, the ASTM grain-size number...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 44AAPCh. 4.8 - For the grain structure in Problem 4.43, estimate...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 46AAPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 47SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 48SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 49SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 50SEPCh. 4.8 - In Chapter 3 (Example Problem 3.11), we calculated...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 52SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 53SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 54SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 55SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 56SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 57SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 58SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 59SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 60SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 61SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 62SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 63SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 64SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 65SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 66SEP
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- Make all possible reactions between (perfect) dislocations in (11-1) and (1-1-1) in an FCC crystal. Among them, which ones are Lomer locks?arrow_forwardIdentify the Burgers vector (using vector notation) of a screw dislocation that can cross-slip between (111) and (1) planes of an FCC crystal (Hint: Use Weiss zone law).arrow_forwardCalculate the dislocation spacing in a symmetrical tilt boundary (θ = 0.5◦) in a copper crystal.arrow_forward
- The accompanying figure shows a unit cell for a hypothetical metal. (a) To which crystal system does this unit cell belong? (b) What would this crystal structure be called? (c) Calculate the density of the material, given that its atomic weight is 145 g/mol. +2 90°i 0.40 nm +y 90° 90° 0.30 nm - 0.30 nmarrow_forwardOne slip system for the HCP crystal structure is {0001}(1120). In a manner similar to Figure 7.6b, sketch a {0111}-type plane for the HCP structure and, using arrows, indicate three different (1120) slip directions within this plane. You may find Figure 3.9 helpful.arrow_forward(a) Describe with illustration, TWO (2) possible point defects that can occur in metal alloying elements. (b) Nickel and boron are to be diffused into an FCC iron metal during surface treatment. The diffusion process begins at the same time for both nickel and boron atoms. Identify with justification which metal atom diffused at a higher rate during the process. Table 2: Atom and crystal characteristic Atomic radius Crystal Structure Electronegativity Element Ni 0.1246 FCC +2 0.085 Rhombohedral +3 Fe 0.124 FCC +2 C 0.071 НСР +4arrow_forward
- The accompanying figure shows a unit cell for a hypothetical metal. (a) To which crystal system does this unit cell belong? (b) What would this crystal structure be called? (c) Calculate the density of the material, given that its atomic weight is 145 g/mol. +2 90°i 0.40 nm +y 90° 90° 0.30 nm 0.30 nm +Xarrow_forwardSlip Systems 1. One slip system for the BCC crystal structure is {110}(111). In a manner similar to Figure 7.6b, sketch a {110} -type plane for the BCC structure, representing atom positions with circles. Now, using arrows, indicate two different (111) slip directions within this plane. E D (a) Figure 7.6 B A D E F (b)arrow_forward7- Cooling tin metal from room temperature to temperatures below 13.2°C results in crystal change from White (B) tin tetragonal structure to Gray (a) tin diamond cubic structure. White (B) tin 13.2°C Cooling Gray (a) tin The lattice parameters of (B) tin are: a = b = 0.40 nm, c = 0.34 nm. For a diamond cubic structure: 8R=a√3 Calculate the volume change due to structure change upon cooling to temperature below 13.2 °C.arrow_forward
- 6. Sketch how two edge dislocations of opposite sign on the same slip plane can anihilate each other C. two screw dislocations of opposite sign also annihilate each other?arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements are true of dislocations: Select one or more: a. Dislocations are spatially fixed defects b. Dislocations enable plasticity in metals Dislocations can be viewed without the aid of a microscope Dislocations can arise due to shear deformation of the lattice □ c. d. e. Dislocations arise due to insertion of a foreign atom into a lattice site of a "host" metalarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements are true of dislocations: Select one or more: a. Dislocations are spatially fixed defects b. Dislocations arise due to insertion of a foreign atom into a lattice site of a “host” metal c. Dislocations can be viewed without the aid of a microscope d. Dislocations enable plasticity in metals e. Dislocations can arise due to shear deformation of the latticearrow_forward
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