Foundations of Materials Science and Engineering
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259696558
Author: SMITH
Publisher: MCG
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 4.8, Problem 19KCP
Describe the structure of a grain boundary. Why are grain boundaries favorable sites for the nucleation and growth of precipitates?
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
At longer annealing times at appropriate temperatures, larger grains consume smaller ones. Summerize with justification if the statement is true or false? Schematics if drawn will be helpful {CLO-1, PLO-1} (10)
A 50%Ni-50%Cu alloy is slowly cooled from 1400°C to 1200°C. Determine
(1) At what temperature does the first solid phase form andwhat is the solid’s composition?(2) At what temperature does all liquid solidify and what is thelast remaining liquid’s composition?(3) At 1300°C, estimate the compositions of the solid andliquid.(4) At 1300°C, estimate the weight fractions of the solid andliquid.
a) Sketch and label tensile stress-strain curves for a typical BCC and FCC metal and explain the salient differences from a slip system perspective
Explain the Fick’s two laws of diffusion and discuss their common uses.
What atomic factors govern the extent of solid solubility?
Chapter 4 Solutions
Foundations of Materials Science and Engineering
Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 1KCPCh. 4.8 - Define the homogeneous nucleation process for the...Ch. 4.8 - In the solidification of a pure metal, what are...Ch. 4.8 - In the solidification of a metal, what is the...Ch. 4.8 - During solidification, how does the degree of...Ch. 4.8 - Distinguish between homogeneous and heterogeneous...Ch. 4.8 - Describe the grain structure of a metal ingot that...Ch. 4.8 - Distinguish between equiaxed and columnar grains...Ch. 4.8 - How can the grain size of a cast ingot be refined?...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 10KCP
Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 11KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 12KCPCh. 4.8 - Distinguish between a substitutional solid...Ch. 4.8 - What are the conditions that are favorable for...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 15KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 16KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 17KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 18KCPCh. 4.8 - Describe the structure of a grain boundary. Why...Ch. 4.8 - Describe and illustrate the following planar...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 21KCPCh. 4.8 - Describe the optical metallography technique. What...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 23KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 24KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 25KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 26KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 27KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 28KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 29KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 30KCPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 31KCPCh. 4.8 - Calculate the size (radius) of the critically...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 33AAPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 34AAPCh. 4.8 - Calculate the number of atoms in a critically...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 36AAPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 37AAPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 38AAPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 39AAPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 40AAPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 41AAPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 42AAPCh. 4.8 - Determine, by counting, the ASTM grain-size number...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 44AAPCh. 4.8 - For the grain structure in Problem 4.43, estimate...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 46AAPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 47SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 48SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 49SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 50SEPCh. 4.8 - In Chapter 3 (Example Problem 3.11), we calculated...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 52SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 53SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 54SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 55SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 56SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 57SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 58SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 59SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 60SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 61SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 62SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 63SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 64SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 65SEPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 66SEP
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, mechanical-engineering and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- 4. Johnston and Gilman reported that in a grown LiF crystal that has been subjected to a constantstress of 10.8 MPa, the dislocation velocity at 249.1 K was 6×10-3 cm/s and at 227.3 K thevelocity was 10-6 cm/s. They also observed that their data suggested an Arrhenius relationshipbetween the dislocation velocity and the absolute temperature so that we can write? = ?exp ( ― ?/??)where v is the dislocation velocity, A is a constant of proportionality, Q an effective activationenergy in J/mol, and R is the universal gas constant (8.314 J/mol.K). Determine Q and A usingthe given data and the above equation. 5. A typical cross-head speed in a tensile testing machine is 0.2 in./min. (a) What is thenominal/engineering strain rate imposed by this cross-head speed on a typical engineering tensilespecimen with a 2 inch gauge length? (b) Estimate the average dislocation velocity that would be obtained at this strain rate in analpha-iron specimen with a total dislocation density of 1010 cm-2 of…arrow_forwardUse the following TTT Diagram for the following questions: 800 A 1400 -Eutectoid temperature 700 1200 600 1000 500 800 400 600 300 Mistart) 200 50% 400 M+A M(50%) M(90%) 100 200 10-1 10 102 103 10 105 Time (s) Temperature ("C) Termperature (°F)arrow_forwardA 30% ethylene glycol solution in water is gradually cooled. At what temperature in degree celsius does crystallization begin?arrow_forward
- Sketch following modes of dislocation motion and name conditions that help them occur: 1. Cross slip 2. Climb up & climb downarrow_forwardb) Estimate the yield stress of copper containing an array of equally spaced second phase precipitates, if the atomic radius for copper is 0.128 nm, the shear modulus G = 45 GPa, and the distance between the precipitates, through which the dislocations must pass is L = 0.1um tbL Dislocation Precipitate tbL Tarrow_forward(d) Given that the grain size in a solid solution is determined according to the following expression: = 22-1 where Ny is the average number of grains per square inch at a magnification of M, and n is the ASTM grain size number. Carry out the following: i. Determine the ASTM grain size if 30 grains per square inch are measured at a magnificatio 100X. ii. Calculate the number of grains per square inch at a magnification of 75X.arrow_forward
- Define annealing. (a) What effects does it have on the microstructure? (b) How does this affect dislocation movement? (c) Why/how does this affect the properties?arrow_forwardhow does the following recrystallization percentage of metallic alloys after annealing is calculated?arrow_forwardThe isothermal transformation diagram for and iron- carbon alloy of eutectoid composition is given in figure. Specify the nature of the final microstructure (in terms of microconstituents present and approximate percentages of each) of a small specimen that has been subjected to the following time-temperature treatments. In each case, assume that the specimen begins at 760°C. Show your work on the diagram. a. Cool rapidly to 300°C, hold for 5 s. b. Cool rapidly to 600°C hold for 100 s, then quench to room temperature. C. Cool rapidly to 500°C, hold for 7 s, and then quench to room temperature. Temperature (°C) 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 -1 10 6 A A A M(start) M(50%) M(90%) 1 10 M-A Eutectoid temperature P 10² Time (s) B 50% 10³ 104 105arrow_forward
- Define eutectic, eutectoid and peritectic reactions with the examplesarrow_forward3- The limited solid solubility Binary phase diagram has many types of reactions like and....... 4- the Crystal Structure of y (Austenite) is J. (12-1394) at 2.44 wt% has fec. 5- The maximum solubility of carbon in austenite, 2 occurs at 1147° C while the maximum solubility "wt% 0.022 W+% of BCC is At 727 oC ******* 6-steel alloys classified according to carbon conctration into.....n) and (hough). which are 7- in polymer structure the long molecules are composed of structural entities called repeat & Cham the along successively repeated and 8-polymer classified according to their molecular structure into hul (30Mark)arrow_forwardDescribe the cooling of a peritectic alloy with the concentration CO and sketch the microstructure during solidification. T S+α 8 S S+B a+ß В сarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Elements Of ElectromagneticsMechanical EngineeringISBN:9780190698614Author:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.Publisher:Oxford University Press
Mechanics of Materials (10th Edition)Mechanical EngineeringISBN:9780134319650Author:Russell C. HibbelerPublisher:PEARSON
Thermodynamics: An Engineering ApproachMechanical EngineeringISBN:9781259822674Author:Yunus A. Cengel Dr., Michael A. BolesPublisher:McGraw-Hill Education
Control Systems EngineeringMechanical EngineeringISBN:9781118170519Author:Norman S. NisePublisher:WILEY
Mechanics of Materials (MindTap Course List)Mechanical EngineeringISBN:9781337093347Author:Barry J. Goodno, James M. GerePublisher:Cengage Learning
Engineering Mechanics: StaticsMechanical EngineeringISBN:9781118807330Author:James L. Meriam, L. G. Kraige, J. N. BoltonPublisher:WILEY
Elements Of Electromagnetics
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9780190698614
Author:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.
Publisher:Oxford University Press
Mechanics of Materials (10th Edition)
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9780134319650
Author:Russell C. Hibbeler
Publisher:PEARSON
Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9781259822674
Author:Yunus A. Cengel Dr., Michael A. Boles
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Education
Control Systems Engineering
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9781118170519
Author:Norman S. Nise
Publisher:WILEY
Mechanics of Materials (MindTap Course List)
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9781337093347
Author:Barry J. Goodno, James M. Gere
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Engineering Mechanics: Statics
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9781118807330
Author:James L. Meriam, L. G. Kraige, J. N. Bolton
Publisher:WILEY
Intro to Ceramics and Glasses — Lesson 2, Part 1; Author: Ansys Learning;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ArDFnBWH-8w;License: Standard Youtube License