Concept explainers
Videos
(a)
Interpretation:
The DNA Polymerase and RNA Polymerase from E. coli needs to be compared on the basis of the activated precursors.
Concept introduction:
DNA Polymerase is an enzyme that helps in the formation of DNA from deoxyribonucleotide, a unit structure of a DNA. This enzyme helps in replication of the DNA strand to form the double helical structure of the DNA. DNA Polymerase reads the existing strand of DNA and synthesizes the new strand which is a replica of the existing strand.
RNA Polymerase is an enzyme that initiates RNA synthesis from a DNA template. This RNA polymerase enzyme opens the double-stranded DNA to expose one strand of the
(b)
Interpretation:
The DNA Polymerase and RNA Polymerase from E. coli needs to be compared on the basis of
the direction of chain elongation.
Concept introduction:
DNA Polymerase is an enzyme that helps in the formation of DNA from deoxyribonucleotide, a unit structure of a DNA. This enzyme helps in replication of the DNA strand to form the double helical structure of the DNA. DNA Polymerase reads the existing strand of DNA and synthesizes the new strand which is a replica of the existing strand.
RNA Polymerase is an enzyme that initiates RNA synthesis from a DNA template. This RNA polymerase enzyme opens the double-stranded DNA to expose one strand of the nucleotide so that it can be used as the template for RNA Synthesis.
(c)
Interpretation:
The DNA Polymerase and RNA Polymerase from E.coli needs to be compared on the basis of
conservation of template.
Concept introduction:
DNA Polymerase is an enzyme that helps in the formation of DNA from deoxyribonucleotide, a unit structure of a DNA. This enzyme helps in replication of the DNA strand to form the double helical structure of the DNA. DNA Polymerase reads the existing strand of DNA and synthesizes the new strand which is a replica of the existing strand.
RNA Polymerase is an enzyme that initiates RNA synthesis from a DNA template. This RNA polymerase enzyme opens the double-stranded DNA to expose one strand of the nucleotide so that it can be used as the template for RNA Synthesis.
(d)
Interpretation:
The DNA Polymerase and RNA Polymerase from E.coli needs to be compared on the basis of
need for primer.
Concept introduction:
DNA Polymerase is an enzyme that helps in the formation of DNA from deoxyribonucleotide, a unit structure of a DNA. This enzyme helps in replication of the DNA strand to form the double helical structure of the DNA. DNA Polymerase reads the existing strand of DNA and synthesizes the new strand which is a replica of the existing strand.
RNA Polymerase is an enzyme that initiates RNA synthesis from a DNA template. This RNA polymerase enzyme opens the double-stranded DNA to expose one strand of the nucleotide so that it can be used as the template for RNA Synthesis.
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Chapter 4 Solutions
Biochemistry
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- (a) How fast does template DNA spin (expressed in revolutions per second) at an E. coli replication fork? (b) What is the velocity of movement (in micrometers per second) of DNA polymerase III holoenzyme relative tothe template?arrow_forward3’atgtaccatgcgcaaatttaaaggccc5’. a) Using this single template strand of a DNA as a template, write the base sequence of the complementary strand. b) List the molecules must be present for DNA to be replicated and briefly describe their function.arrow_forwardLocate as accurately as possible the listed items that are shown on the following figure. Some items are not shown. (a) 5′ end of DNA template strand; (b) 3′ end of mRNA; (c) ribosome; (d) promoter; (e) codon; (f) an amino acid; (g) DNA polymerase; (h) 5′ UTR; (i) centromere; (j) intron; (k) anticodon; (l) N terminus; (m) 5′ end of charged tRNA; (n) RNA polymerase; (o) 3′ end of uncharged tRNA; (p) a nucleotide; (q) mRNA cap; (r) peptide bond; (s) P site; (t) aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase; (u) hydrogen bond; (v) exon; (w) 5′ AUG 3′; (x) potential wobble interaction.arrow_forward
- . Propose a mechanism by which a type II topoisomerase could use the energy of ATP hydrolysis to scan a large DNA molecule and, thereby, to direct that the enzyme will catalyze largely “disentan- gling" reactions (decatenation and unknotting).arrow_forwardIn Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), the temperature is one of the most important parameters that could influence the efficiency of this technique. Each cycle of this reaction has its own specific temperature. For instance, the denaturation step possesses a temperature of 94 - 98 ℃ to ensure that the double stranded DNA is fully separated. (i) (ii) (iii) Why is the annealing temperature vital in this technique? Explain how will this temperature affects the efficiency of this reaction. Why is Hot Start PCR technique preferred by some researchers? If the primers you purchased possessed the following information. 5'-GGA AAC AGC TAT GAC CAT G-3' Calculate the melting temperature of this primer and estimate the annealing temperature of this primer.arrow_forwardWhat is the velocity of movement (in micrometers per second) of DNA polymerase III holoenzyme relative to the template?arrow_forward
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