Human Physiology
15th Edition
ISBN: 9781259864629
Author: Fox, Stuart Ira
Publisher: Mcgraw-hill Education,
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Chapter 4, Problem 26RA
Summary Introduction
To review:
pH where the activity of pepsin and salivary amylase protein becomes equal.
Introduction:
Enzymes are substrate-specific and form a lock and key mechanism with the substrate during the reaction. The enzymes require an optimum temperature and pH (potential of hydrogen) to perform their functions properly. They show varying pH values according to the locations they are found in.
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Chapter 4 Solutions
Human Physiology
Ch. 4 - Use the lock-and-key model to explain how enzymes...Ch. 4 - Explain how enzymes are named, and the nature of...Ch. 4 - Draw graphs to represent the effects of changes in...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4CPCh. 4 - Prob. 5aCPCh. 4 - Prob. 5bCPCh. 4 - Prob. 5cCPCh. 4 - Prob. 6aCPCh. 4 - Define the terms exergonic reaction and endergonic...Ch. 4 - Prob. 7aCP
Ch. 4 - Prob. 7bCPCh. 4 - Which of these statements about enzymes is...Ch. 4 - Which of these statements about enzyme-catalyzed...Ch. 4 - Which of these statements about lactate...Ch. 4 - In a metabolic pathway, a. the product of one...Ch. 4 - In an inborn error of metabolism,
a. a genetic...Ch. 4 - Which of these represents an endergonic...Ch. 4 - Which of these statements about ATP is true? a....Ch. 4 - When oxygen is combined with 2 hydrogens to make...Ch. 4 - Enzymes increase the rate of chemical reactions...Ch. 4 - According to the law of mass action, which of...Ch. 4 - Explain the relationship between an enzyme's...Ch. 4 - Explain how the rate of enzymatic reactions may be...Ch. 4 - Explain how end-product inhibition represents a...Ch. 4 - Prob. 14RACh. 4 - The coenzymes NAD and FAD can "shuttle" hydrogens...Ch. 4 - Prob. 16RACh. 4 - Why do we need to eat food containing niacin and...Ch. 4 - Metabolic pathways can be likened to intersecting...Ch. 4 - Prob. 19RACh. 4 - Suppose you come across a bottle of enzyme tablets...Ch. 4 - Describe the energy transformations that occur...Ch. 4 - Use the reversible reactions involving the...Ch. 4 - Use the graph here and in figure 4.4 to answer the...Ch. 4 - Use the graph here and in figure 4.4 to answer the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 25RACh. 4 - Prob. 26RACh. 4 - Prob. 27RA
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Below is a list of steps that occur after an exercising muscle cell begins degrading amino acids for ATP production. For each step, choose (A) if the process occurs in the muscle cell and (B) if the process occurs in the liver. It will be easiest to answer this question if you first put the steps in order, then decide in which organ they occur. ______ Alanine is transaminated with a-ketoglutarate.______ Branched chain amino acids are transaminated with a-ketoglutarate.______ Glutamate is deaminated.______ Glutamate is transaminated with pyruvate.______ Ketoacid skeletons resulting from branch chain amino acids enter the CAC.______ Pyruvate enters gluconeogenesis.______ Urea is formed from the nitrogen removed from the original branched chain amino acid.arrow_forwardThe catalytic activity of enzymes depends on the presence of appropriate environmental conditions. Pepsin is a digestive enzyme found in the stomach and facilitates the digestion of large proteins. If pepsin is removed from this acidic environment of the stomach and is instead placed in a more basic environment, it will cease to function. Describe the specific effect that a change in environmental pH will have on pepsin and explain how this change can lead to inhibition of its catalytic activity. Respond in 4 to 6 complete sentences.arrow_forwardAt what pH is the activity of pepsin and salivary amylase equal?arrow_forward
- The activity of pepsin was measured at various pH values. The temperature and the concentrations of pepsin and substrate were held constant. The following activities were obtained: pH activity 1.0 0.5 1.5 2.6 2.0 4.8 3.0 2.0 4.0 0.4 5.0 0.0 Plot a graph of the pH dependence of pepsin activity. Based on the graph what is the optimum pH? Predict the activity of pepsin in the blood at pH 7.4.arrow_forwardUnder aerobic conditions of high ratios of NADH/NAD+ and ATP/ADP, as pyruvate is utilized for its carbon skeleton, which molecules would you expect to see significant radiolabeling in the liver? Select all that apply. **Please note some molecules contain more details, including not only molecule name, but location of the label. Pick the options that are accurate for the above situation. Glucose C-2 and C-5 Glucose C-1 and C-6 Glucose C-2 only Pyruvate C-1 Lactate C-2 for export CO, from TCA cycle shows some radiolabel Label is halved over many TCA cycles Oxaloacetate Malatearrow_forwardTo prevent tooth decay, nutritionists recommend replacing sucrose in kindergartens with non-carbohydrate sweeteners. Q: write the reaction of dissociation of the final product of this metabolic pathway, causing a shift in pH in the oral cavityarrow_forward
- Arrange the following steps in the catabolism of carbohydrates in the orderby which they occur: the electron transport chain, the conversion of glucose to acetyl CoA, the hydrolysis of starch, oxidative phosphorylation, and the citric acid cycle.arrow_forwardGive an overview for the oxidative breakdown of a six-carbon, saturated fatty acid. Decide how the fatty acid enters mitochondria, and write the reaction by which it gets activated. Write the four reactions of the b-oxidation pathway. Indicate in which cellular compartment the reactions take place. Use structural formulas for the reactions except for cofactors, ATP, etc. Name the enzyme for each reaction.arrow_forwardPlace the following steps in the catabolism of carbohydrates in order: the electron transport chain, the conversion of glucose to acetyl CoA, the hydrolysis of starch, oxidative phosphorylation, and the citric acid cycle.arrow_forward
- Compare the amount of ATP formed during the metabolization of glucose, proteins and a fatty acid (C16H32O16) by means of a table.arrow_forwardFatty acids are stored in adipose tissue, as triacylglycerol (TAG) forms. TAGs are degraded as glycerol and fatty acids where energy is required. Based on that knowledge explain: How these products are used in the adipose, liver, and other tissue? Why glycerol can not be metabolized in adipose tissue?arrow_forwardUnder aerobic conditions of high ratios of NADH/NAD+ and ATP/ADP, as pyruvate is utilized for its carbon skeleton, which molecules would you expect to see significant radiolabeling in the liver? Select all that apply. **Please note some molecules contain more details, including not only molecule name, but location of the label. Pick the options that are accurate for the above situation. O Glucose C-2 and C-5 O Glucose C-1 and C-6 O Glucose C-2 only Pyruvate C-1 Lactate C-2 for export O CO2 from TCA cycle shows some radiolabel Label is halved over many TCA cycles Oxaloacetate O Malatearrow_forward
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