Human Physiology
15th Edition
ISBN: 9781259864629
Author: Fox, Stuart Ira
Publisher: Mcgraw-hill Education,
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Textbook Question
Chapter 4, Problem 22RA
Use the reversible reactions involving the formation and breakdown of carbonic acid, and the law of mass action, to explain what would happen to the blood pH of a person who is hypoventilating (breathing inadequately) or hyperventilating (breathing excessively).
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Consider the equilibrium shown below; indicating the buffering system in the blood
circulation.
CO, + H,0
[H,CO3]
HCO3¯+H*
When a patient is choking, would this lead to an alkalosis or an acidosis situation?
Explain.
An individual's ratio of carbonic acid and bicarbonate ions is 17/0.6
Which of the following is a true statement?
For a total of 3 answers - choose one of each of the following pairs:
i) respiratory or metabolic
ii) acidosis or alkalosis
iii) uncompensated or partial compensation
The normal pH of blood is 7.35-4.45. The normal pCO2 level is 35-45mmHg. John
has blood work performed. His recorded pH is 7.1. His recorded PCO2 is 20mmHg.
Based on this describe the acid base state of John. (ie, metabolic acidosis, metabolic
alkalosis, respiratory acidosis, and respiratory alkalosis). Support your answer.
Chapter 4 Solutions
Human Physiology
Ch. 4 - Use the lock-and-key model to explain how enzymes...Ch. 4 - Explain how enzymes are named, and the nature of...Ch. 4 - Draw graphs to represent the effects of changes in...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4CPCh. 4 - Prob. 5aCPCh. 4 - Prob. 5bCPCh. 4 - Prob. 5cCPCh. 4 - Prob. 6aCPCh. 4 - Define the terms exergonic reaction and endergonic...Ch. 4 - Prob. 7aCP
Ch. 4 - Prob. 7bCPCh. 4 - Which of these statements about enzymes is...Ch. 4 - Which of these statements about enzyme-catalyzed...Ch. 4 - Which of these statements about lactate...Ch. 4 - In a metabolic pathway, a. the product of one...Ch. 4 - In an inborn error of metabolism,
a. a genetic...Ch. 4 - Which of these represents an endergonic...Ch. 4 - Which of these statements about ATP is true? a....Ch. 4 - When oxygen is combined with 2 hydrogens to make...Ch. 4 - Enzymes increase the rate of chemical reactions...Ch. 4 - According to the law of mass action, which of...Ch. 4 - Explain the relationship between an enzyme's...Ch. 4 - Explain how the rate of enzymatic reactions may be...Ch. 4 - Explain how end-product inhibition represents a...Ch. 4 - Prob. 14RACh. 4 - The coenzymes NAD and FAD can "shuttle" hydrogens...Ch. 4 - Prob. 16RACh. 4 - Why do we need to eat food containing niacin and...Ch. 4 - Metabolic pathways can be likened to intersecting...Ch. 4 - Prob. 19RACh. 4 - Suppose you come across a bottle of enzyme tablets...Ch. 4 - Describe the energy transformations that occur...Ch. 4 - Use the reversible reactions involving the...Ch. 4 - Use the graph here and in figure 4.4 to answer the...Ch. 4 - Use the graph here and in figure 4.4 to answer the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 25RACh. 4 - Prob. 26RACh. 4 - Prob. 27RA
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Micky Mango is a 64-year-old male admitted to the emergency room for asthma. His laboratory results are as follows: pH 7.31, pCO2 higher than normal, and total HCO3– also higher than normal. Classify his acid-base balance as acidosis or alkalosis, and as metabolic or respiratory. Is there evidence of compensation? Propose the mechanism by which asthma contributed to the lab results seen.arrow_forwardgiven the pCO2 and pH of systemic arterial blood, be able to identify the type of acid-base imbalance (respiratory acidosis, respiratory alkalosis, metabolic acidosis, metabolic alkalosis). After identifying the type of acid-base imbalance, be able to determine what type of compensation will occur to restore pHarrow_forwardThe following data was obtained from an arterial blood sample drawn from a hospital patient. pH= 7.55 (7.35-7.45) PaCO2=25mmHg (33-45mmHg) HCO3-= 22.5mEq/L (22-28mEq/L The patient’s arterial findings are consistent with a diagnosis of which of the following? metabolic acidosis respiratory alkalosis metabolic alkalosis mixed acidosis respiratory acidosisarrow_forward
- A newborn exhibits signs of respiratory distress due to the lack of surfactant. She has signs of low oxygen and high carbon dioxide. What will happen with pH balance and what type of acid-base disorder might she develop and how would her body compensate? Be detailed in your explanation. Thank youarrow_forwardDefine hypocapnia and hypercapnia. Name the pHimbalances that result from these conditions and explainthe relationship between Pco2 and pH.arrow_forwardMetabolic alkalosis refers to a process whereupon decreased hydrogen ion, or increased bicarbonate, concentrations occur in the body, and the blood pH becomes too basic. Answer the following questions: How does the body regain its acid-base equilibria/balance? What happens when that balance does not happen? Will a buffer system still work under these conditions?arrow_forward
- Use the law of mass action and the following equation: H2O + CO2 <-> H2CO3 <-> H+ + HCO3- to describe what happens to pH, HCO3-, and CO2 when there is an increase in H+ from a metabolic source.arrow_forwardDescribe how hydrogen ion concentration and bicarbonate ion concentration change as pH changes.arrow_forwardhow does the process of exhalation influence the pH of blood, considering the role of carbon dioxide (CO2) removal in regulating acid-base balance? Discuss the physiological mechanisms involved in maintaining blood pH during exhalation, including the role of respiratory control centers and the relationship between CO2 levels, bicarbonate, (HCO3-), carbonic acid (H2CO3) formation, and pH changes in the bloodstreamarrow_forward
- Describe the influence of the respiratory system on acidbase balance.arrow_forwardGive an example of respiratory alkalosis and one of metabolicacidosis. In each case, explain how your example illustrates thattype of acid–base disturbance.arrow_forwardHarry ate a late meal at a cheap diner on the way home from work.A couple of hours later, he vomited three times, and then he consumed several packages of an antacid (mostly NaHCO3) over thenext several hours. By the evening of the next day, he was feelingbetter. During this ordeal, his blood pH did not deviate significantly.Select the mechanism(s) that helped maintain Harry’s pH within anormal range.(1) increased respiratory rate(2) increased H+ secretion by the renal tubule(3) decreased respiratory rate(4) decreased H+ secretion by the renal tubulea. 1 b. 2 c. 1,2 d. 3 e. 3,4arrow_forward
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