Biology
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781260487947
Author: BROOKER
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 21.2, Problem 1CC
Summary Introduction
To explain: The effect when a ddNTP is incorporated into a growing DNA strand.
Introduction: Genome is defined as the complete genetic material that is present in an organism. It consists of the coding as well as the non-coding parts of DNA. The study of the genome is termed as genomics. Genomics utilize a technique known as DNA sequencing. This method is used to determine the complete sequence of all the bases present in a DNA molecule.
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Chapter 21 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 21.1 - Prob. 1CSCh. 21.1 - Prob. 1CCCh. 21.1 - Prob. 2CCCh. 21.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 21.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 21.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 21.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 21.3 - Prob. 1EQCh. 21.3 - Prob. 2EQCh. 21.3 - Prob. 3EQ
Ch. 21.4 - Prob. 1CCCh. 21.4 - Prob. 1CSCh. 21.5 - Prob. 1CSCh. 21.5 - Repetitive Sequences and Transposable Elements...Ch. 21 - Prob. 1TYCh. 21 - DNA ligase is needed in a cloning experiment a. to...Ch. 21 - Prob. 3TYCh. 21 - Why is Taq polymerase used in PCR rather than...Ch. 21 - Lets suppose you want to clone a gene that has...Ch. 21 - In the CRISPR-Cas technology for editing genes,...Ch. 21 - Prob. 7TYCh. 21 - The enzyme that helps short segments of DNA move...Ch. 21 - Prob. 9TYCh. 21 - Which of the following was not a goal of the Human...Ch. 21 - Prob. 1CQCh. 21 - Briefly describe whether or not each of the...Ch. 21 - Prob. 3CQCh. 21 - Identify and discuss three important advances that...Ch. 21 - Prob. 2COQ
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- Objective: Get a sense of how genomics, the study of the genome in its entirety,needs to think about how to go about its research. Geonomic DNA is broken up into fragments. The 5’ and 3’ ends of each fragment(a “read”) are sequenced. The sequenced reads are assembled together intocontiguous sequences (“contigs”) based on sequence similarity. The idea is to sequence enough random fragments so that every nucleotide in thegenome is represented on some read. The number of such fragments needed iscalled the coverage, c. The coverage c can be calculated by the formula RL/G, where R is the number ofreads sequenced, L is the average length of a read and G is the total length of thegenome. The units of length are bases (b) or base pairs (bp). Consider a genome whose length is 1000 bp. “Shotgun” sequencing techniquesare applied to the genome, resulting in 20 reads, with an average length of 50 bp.A very important point is that, even though 20 x 50 = 1000, there is no guaranteethat ALL…arrow_forwardObjective: Get a sense of how genomics, the study of the genome in its entirety,needs to think about how to go about its research. Geonomic DNA is broken up into fragments. The 5’ and 3’ ends of each fragment(a “read”) are sequenced. The sequenced reads are assembled together intocontiguous sequences (“contigs”) based on sequence similarity. The idea is to sequence enough random fragments so that every nucleotide in thegenome is represented on some read. The number of such fragments needed iscalled the coverage, c. The coverage c can be calculated by the formula RL/G, where R is the number ofreads sequenced, L is the average length of a read and G is the total length of thegenome. The units of length are bases (b) or base pairs (bp). Consider a genome whose length is 1000 bp. “Shotgun” sequencing techniquesare applied to the genome, resulting in 20 reads, with an average length of 50 bp.A very important point is that, even though 20 x 50 = 1000, there is no guaranteethat ALL…arrow_forwardWhat is the function of the enzyme DNA polymerase? To build a polypeptide using mRNA as a template To build a strand of DNA using DNA as a template To build a strand of DNA using a polypeptide as a template To build a strand of mRNA using DNA as a templatearrow_forward
- How DNA libraries are formed? Give some examples of usage.arrow_forwardIn the Isolation of DNA, what is the role of Proteinase K? Choose the best answer -Remove disulfied bonds in proteins -Inhibit enzymes -Catalyze breAkdown of Nucleic acids -Degrade proteinsarrow_forwardGive a definition of genomics. Include an overview of the types of questions genomics involves. Explain how genomics is different from genetics. What project was important in beginning genomics?arrow_forward
- Build a 3D model of a DNA molecule:-3-dimensional built structure -Contain sugar-phosphate backbones (constructed as separate molecules) -Contain nitrogenous bases (paired clearly and correctly) -Have a minimum of 10 base-pairs (minimum of 10 “rungs” or “steps” on the ladder) with the correct number of hydrogen bonds illustrated between each of the base pairs. -Have the orientation labeled on each strand and make sure the two strands are antiparallel.arrow_forwardExplain the relationship among the following terms: genomics, proteomics, gene, protein, genotype, and phenotype. minimum of 500 words please!arrow_forwardGENETICS if/when a "whole-genome shotgun" approach is used for DNA sequencing, which of the following is MOST likely to create problems during the assembly of a complete genomic sequence? a) long sequence reads b) a high degree of coverage/ redundancy in the sequence data c) the presence of repetitive DNA d) not enough contigs e) all of the abovearrow_forward
- generated after a cDNA library is made unique sequences in the genome useful for mapping using sequence information all of the abovearrow_forwardWhich of the following best describes the process of DNA sequencing? a. DNA is separated on a gel, and the different bands are labeled with fluorescent nucleotides and scanned with a laser. b. A laser is used to fluorescently label the nucleotides present within the DNA, the DNA is run on a gel, and then the DNA is broken into fragments. c. Nucleotides are scanned with a laser and incorporated into the DNA that has been separated on a gel, and then the DNA is amplified with PCR. d. Fragments of DNA are produced in a reaction that labels them with any of four different fluorescent dyes, and the fragments then are run on a gel and scanned with a laser. e. DNA is broken down into its constituent nucleotides, and the nucleotides are then run on a gel and purified with a laser.arrow_forwardMake a concept map that includes all of the terms below, and include illustrations of the central concepts. Draw arrows connecting the concepts as appropriate, and label the arrows to indicate the relationship between those concepts. Typically, nouns will be the nodes of the map. Verbs and connecting ideas should be written on the connecting arrows. Illustrations of the central phenomena (replication, transcription, translation) are mandatory, and you must develop your own pictures. You can draw them by hand or use a computer illustrating program to draw, but you may not screenshot images from the internet. DNA RNA protein replicates transcribes translates DNA Polymerase RNA Polymerase Sigma factor dNTP rNTP ribosome supercoiling gyrase origin of replication / OriC aminocoumarins gene operon promoter operator ORF (open reading frame) lacZ lacI lactose glucose Beta-galactosidase LacI 30S 50S 70S mRNA tRNA rRNA aminoglycoside macrolide chloramphenicol rifampin RBS (ribosome binding…arrow_forward
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