Genetics: Analysis and Principles
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259616020
Author: Robert J. Brooker Professor Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 21, Problem 13EQ
DNA sequencing can help us to identify mutations within genes. The following data are derived from an experiment in which a normal gene and a mutant gene have been sequenced:
Locate and describe the mutation.
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Transcriptome analysis involves two separate methodologies: gene expression and RNA seq analyses. The 10 items below are a scrambled listing of the steps used in the two procedures. Identify the steps involved in RNA seq from the list below. Use the numbers in the list to refer to each step. Once the steps for RNA seq have been identified, write the steps in the order in which they are performed during the experiment.
(1) DNA sequencing
(2) Allow for hybridization and wash excess cRNA.
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(7) Map cDNA sequences to the genome of the organism to determine identity and abundance of transcripts.
(8) mRNA isolation from cells
(9) Prepare fluorescently labeled cRNA probes
(10) cDNA synthesis
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Chapter 21 Solutions
Genetics: Analysis and Principles
Ch. 21.1 - 1. Which of the following may be used as a vector...Ch. 21.1 - The restriction enzymes used in gene-cloning...Ch. 21.1 - 3. Which is the proper order of the following...Ch. 21.1 - 4. The function of reverse transcriptase is...Ch. 21.1 - A collection of recombinant vectors that carry...Ch. 21.2 - Prob. 1COMQCh. 21.2 - Prob. 2COMQCh. 21.2 - 3. During real-time PCR, the synthesis of PCR...Ch. 21.3 - When a dideoxyribonucleotide is incorporated into...Ch. 21.4 - 1. The purpose of site-directed mutagenesis and...
Ch. 21.5 - Which of the following methods use(s) a labeled...Ch. 21.5 - 2. Which of the following methods is used to...Ch. 21.5 - During Western blotting, the primary antibody...Ch. 21.6 - 1. In an EMSA, the binding of a protein to...Ch. 21.6 - The basis for DNase I footprinting is that the...Ch. 21 - Discuss three important advances that have...Ch. 21 - Prob. 2CONQCh. 21 - Write a double-stranded DNA sequence that is 20...Ch. 21 - What is cDNA? In eukaryotes, how does cDNA differ...Ch. 21 - 5. Draw the structural feature of a...Ch. 21 - Prob. 1EQCh. 21 - Prob. 2EQCh. 21 - Describe the important features of cloning...Ch. 21 - 4. How does gene cloning produce many copies of a...Ch. 21 - Prob. 5EQCh. 21 - Prob. 6EQCh. 21 - Prob. 7EQCh. 21 - Prob. 8EQCh. 21 - Prob. 9EQCh. 21 - Starting with a sample of RNA that contains the...Ch. 21 - 11. What type of probe is used for real-time PCR?...Ch. 21 - 12. What phase of PCR (exponential, linear, or...Ch. 21 - 13. DNA sequencing can help us to identify...Ch. 21 - A sample of DNA was subjected to automated DNA...Ch. 21 - Prob. 15EQCh. 21 - Prob. 16EQCh. 21 - Prob. 17EQCh. 21 - Prob. 18EQCh. 21 - Prob. 19EQCh. 21 - What is the purpose of a Northern blotting...Ch. 21 - Prob. 21EQCh. 21 - Prob. 22EQCh. 21 - 23. In the Western blot shown here, proteins were...Ch. 21 - If you wanted to know if a protein was made during...Ch. 21 - Prob. 25EQCh. 21 - Prob. 26EQCh. 21 - Prob. 27EQCh. 21 - 28. Describe the rationale behind the...Ch. 21 - Certain hormones, such as epinephrine, can...Ch. 21 - An electrophoretic mobility shift assay can be...Ch. 21 - Prob. 31EQCh. 21 - Prob. 32EQCh. 21 - Prob. 33EQCh. 21 - Prob. 1QSDC
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- Describe the outcome of a chain-terminator sequencing procedure in which (a) too few primers are present or (b) an excess of primers is present.arrow_forwardEach of the following describes a distinctive step in a genomic technology or experimental design. Match the name of the technology or experimental design to the description. Answers may be used more than once or not at all. Add fluorescent tags onto the single-stranded sample of nucleic acids before the sample is applied to a glass slide. [ Choose ]When aligned to a reference genome, read depth indicates duplications and deletions. [ Choose ]A spot appears as a mix of two fluorescent colors if the individual is heterozygous. [ Choose ]An experimental design that relies on identifying unrelated individuals that have one of two phenotypes, then looking for a correlation between individual phenotype and genotype. [ Choose ] choices: GWAS, RNA microarray, RNA sequencing, DNA microarray, quantitative genetics, family study, genomic resequencingarrow_forwardDescribe the following techniques for determining gene or protein function with advantages disadvantages and limitations. i)forward genetics(random mutagenesis) ii)reverse genetics(altering the function of particular gene) iii)genetic analysis(double or higher order mutant combination) iv) expression studies RNA and protein v)protein interaction studies(Y2H and other technique)arrow_forward
- You isolate genomic DNA from brain cells and heart cells and use PCR to amplify the promoter region of gene A, known to be methylated under certain circumstances. To determine which cell type has methylation in this region, you treat the DNA with sodium bisulfite, sequence the regions from both brain and heart cells, and compare to the untreated sequence, as shown below. Untreated: ATCCGGCGACG Brain: ATCCGGCGACG Heart: ATCTGGTGACG Given these results, which cell type would you expect to transcribe MORE "A" mRNA?arrow_forwardList essential components required for the DNA sequencing reaction based on the Sanger method. Briefly describe the purpose of each componentarrow_forwardMicroarray hybridization is used mostly in transcript profiling or assaying DNA variation. Although the technology for establishing DNA microarrays was developed only recently, numerous applications have already been developed and their impact on future biomedical research and diagnostic approaches is expected to be profound. Give some examples of the practical use of this technique.arrow_forward
- Explain why DNA ladders are usually included during gel electrophoresis. One aspect of PCR that can be modified is the annealing temperature. In general, higher annealing temperatures show more specificity towards a single template, whereas lower annealing temperatures show less specificity and may bind to multiple regions throughout the genome. Discuss how using an annealing temperature that is too high or too low might influence the results of a PCR assay (and gel electrophoresis results) such as the one used in this study.arrow_forwardDescribe various ways in which the sequence of DNA is verified or corrected. Why are there so many pathways?arrow_forwardWhat are the key differences between DNA microarrays and protein microarrays, and how they are used in research?arrow_forward
- Which of the following best describes the process of DNA sequencing? a. DNA is separated on a gel, and the different bands are labeled with fluorescent nucleotides and scanned with a laser. b. A laser is used to fluorescently label the nucleotides present within the DNA, the DNA is run on a gel, and then the DNA is broken into fragments. c. Nucleotides are scanned with a laser and incorporated into the DNA that has been separated on a gel, and then the DNA is amplified with PCR. d. Fragments of DNA are produced in a reaction that labels them with any of four different fluorescent dyes, and the fragments then are run on a gel and scanned with a laser. e. DNA is broken down into its constituent nucleotides, and the nucleotides are then run on a gel and purified with a laser.arrow_forwardDescribe the difference between Sanger based sequencing and Next Generation Sequencing (NGS). Why is NGS advantageous over Sanger based sequencing?arrow_forwardBriefly answer the question: Exome sequencing to identify a mutation that could cause a particular set of symptoms in a patient can reveal another genetic condition that has not yet been detected. Under what circumstances, if any, do you think patients should receive such "secondary findings"?arrow_forward
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