Concept explainers
a.
To explain: The way in which the data that were obtained from the crime that had occurred.
Introduction: Short tandem repeats (STRs) are the repeated sequence of one to five
b.
To determine: The suspect who is to be charged of the crime from the obtained data.
Introduction: Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is a technique used to amplify very poor amounts of DNA present in the cell. In this technique, specific primers and polymerase enzymes are added followed by alternate heating and cooling to denature and anneal the DNA fragments. Thus, it plays a vital role in DNA analysis because it produces millions of copies of DNA in a short period of time in a parallel way.
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Study Guide for Campbell Biology
- A typical STR DNA type emanating from a single individual shows a (one, two, three)-band pattern.arrow_forwardTo ensure a conviction, DNA crime labs use CODIS standards. Instead of 1 tandem repeat, how many would be analyzed?arrow_forwardIn STR DNA typing, a typical DNA pattern shows (two, three) bands.arrow_forward
- I believe the answer would be A and D, but I am not sure because the recombinant proteins are significant only in the last to lanes. As the first lane is an empty vector. I appreciate your help.arrow_forwardThe genome’s functional gene products are either _____________ or _____________.arrow_forwardUsed as markers for identification purposes, ___________ are locations on the chromosome that contain short sequences that repeat themselves within the DNA molecule and in great abundance throughout the human genome.arrow_forward
- The gel serves as a ______________ to separate out the DNA fragmentsarrow_forwardYou are a forensic scientist in charge of DNA samples in a case where a man was murdered. You conduct gel electrophoresis on the samples to determine the DNA profile of the samples. The rows of bands have been marked to make it easier to reference the bands. The sample marked 'evidence' came from under the victim's fingernails, likely indicating a struggle. There are two suspects in the case, both of whom are brothers, they are marked suspect 1 and suspect 2, for brother 1 and brother 2, respectfully. Does the evidence collected match the DNA profiles of either brother? If yes, which one? If no, then would it be likely that the actual criminal is a family member of the brothers? If yes, what could the relation be (mom, dad, cousin, aunt, or uncle)? Note: there is a sister in their family, their parents are both still alive, and they have a robust extended family. The brothers are not twins.arrow_forwardCan you please check my answer and make sure it is correct. Question: How can DNA evidence be used to convict or exonerate a defendant? Why is DNA evidence so powerful? Answer: DNA evidence can be used to perform DNA profiling to determine the genotype of the specific DNA sample. With just a small amount of DNA, PCR can produce billions of copies of that specific segment. The segments that are used are from non-coding regions that contain STR’s or short tandem repeats. These very short DNA sequences are repeated and are specific to individuals because we inherit them from our mother and father. Gel electrophoresis separates the PCR products based on their size and each band is compared to the allele ladder. This process helps to identify the alleles present in the original samples. DNA profiling is performed at many loci to be able to tell the genetic difference between different individuals with a lot of certainty. The DNA from the different suspects is compared to the allele…arrow_forward
- The most common procedure for cloning an animal is __________.arrow_forwardWhat is the sequence of the unknown DNA sample? (You should give the 5' and 3' ends). Use the gel sequence given below and write also the ingredients used in manual DNA sequencing. Use an empty paper and upload your drawing. || A - T C 0 ||||arrow_forwardBelow is a schematic of the molecule that inserts the fourth amino acid (a trytophan) into the mutant polymerase. A codon chart is found on the final page of the exam. i) This schematic represents a _________ ii) On the schematic, give the nucleotides of the anticodon. Justify your answerarrow_forward
- Biology Today and Tomorrow without Physiology (Mi...BiologyISBN:9781305117396Author:Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa StarrPublisher:Cengage Learning