Study Guide for Campbell Biology
Study Guide for Campbell Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134443775
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece, Martha R. Taylor, Michael A. Pollock
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 20, Problem 6IQ
Summary Introduction

To explain: The reason why most of the cloned embryos and animals failed to develop normally or developed various defects.

Introduction: Cloning is a process of production of an organism from a single cell that is genetically identical to that of its parent. The organism that is produced as a result of cloning is called a “clone”. In primitive organisms like prokaryotes, clones are produced by asexual reproduction. In higher organisms, cloning is very rare and is usually produced by artificial means.

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Woolly mammoths have been extinct for about 10,000 years, but we often find their well- preserved remains in Siberian permafrost. Research groups are now planning to use SCNT to resurrect these huge elephant- like mammals. No mammoth eggs have been recovered so far, so elephant eggs would be used instead. An elephant would also be the surrogate mother for the resulting embryo. The researchers may try a modified SCNT technique used to clone a mouse that had been dead and frozen for sixteen years. Ice crystals that form during freezing break up cell membranes, so cells from the frozen mouse were in bad shape. Their DNA was transferred into donor mouse eggs, and cells from the resulting embryos were fused with mouse stem cells. Four healthy clones were born from the hybrid embryos. What are some of the pros and cons of cloning an extinct animal?
Woolly mammoths have been extinct for about 4,000 years, but we often find their well-preserved remains in Siberian permafrost. Research groups are now planning to use SCNT to resurrect these huge elephant-like mammals. No mammoth eggs have been recovered yet, so elephant eggs would be used instead. An elephant would also be the surrogate mother for the resulting embryo. The researchers may try a modified SCNT technique used to clone a mouse that had been dead and frozen for 16 years. Ice crystals that form during freezing break up cell membranes, so cells from the frozen mouse were in bad shape. Their DNA was transferred into donor mouse eggs, and cells from the resulting embryos were fused with undifferentiated mouse cells. Four healthy clones were born from the hybrid embryos. What are some of the pros and cons of cloning an extinct animal?
Unneeded genes in an adult animal cell are permanently inactivated,making it impossible for most specialized cells to turn into any othercell type. How does this arrangement save energy inside a cell? Whydoes the ability to clone an adult mammal depend on techniques forreactivating these “dormant” genes?
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