Study Guide for Campbell Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134443775
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece, Martha R. Taylor, Michael A. Pollock
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 20, Problem 4TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction: Plasmid is a circular, small, double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) molecule within a cell that is separated from the chromosomal DNA and it can replicate independently. Plasmids are normally present in bacterial cells; they also sometimes occur in some eukaryotes.
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Describe how restriction enzymes like EcoR1 are used to create recombinant plasmids and what the process is for using these plasmids to replicate a piece of target DNA. Include information about how to create sticky ends, the makeup of the bacterial plasmid and how to tell if the gene was successfully inserted in the plasmid and if the plasmid has been transformed by the bacteria. You may use a drawing to enhance your description.
A geneticist uses a plasmid for cloning that has the lacZ gene and a gene that confers resistance to penicillin. The geneticist inserts a piece of foreign DNA into a restriction site that is located within the lacZ gene and uses the plasmid to transform bacteria. Explain how the geneticist can identify bacteria that contain a copy of a plasmid with the foreign DNA.
The following statements are true about common gene cloning procedures except:
-DNA plasmids can help move around genes into other cells
- Restriction enzymes are very important for cutting up and linking chunks of DNA
-We make it so that genes from plants or animals are expressed in bacteria so the products can be harvested
- DNA plasmids are chunks of chromosomal DNA used for cloning
Chapter 20 Solutions
Study Guide for Campbell Biology
Ch. 20 - In what ways would third-generation sequencing be...Ch. 20 - The following schematic diagram depicts an...Ch. 20 - Which of the following DNA sequences would most...Ch. 20 - a. When PCR is used to prepare a DNA fragment for...Ch. 20 - a. What are some of the benefits of determining...Ch. 20 - Prob. 6IQCh. 20 - What are some of the practical and ethical...Ch. 20 - Prob. 8IQCh. 20 - Prob. 1SYKCh. 20 - Fill in the table on the previous page on the...
Ch. 20 - Prob. 3SYKCh. 20 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 20 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 20 - Gel electrophoresis is a means of separating...Ch. 20 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 20 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 20 - The following segment of DNA has restriction sites...Ch. 20 - Prob. 7TYKCh. 20 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 20 - Prob. 9TYKCh. 20 - Prob. 10TYKCh. 20 - Prob. 11TYKCh. 20 - Which enzyme is used in the polymerase chain...Ch. 20 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 20 - STRs (short tandem repeats) are a valuable tool...Ch. 20 - Prob. 15TYKCh. 20 - Which of the following has the greatest potential...Ch. 20 - Prob. 17TYKCh. 20 - Petroleum-lysing bacteria are being engineered for...Ch. 20 - Prob. 19TYKCh. 20 - Prob. 20TYK
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- What carries a gene from one organism into a bacteria cell? a. a plasmid b. an electrophoresis gel c. a restriction enzyme d. polymerase chain reactionarrow_forwardA plasmid vector has two genes in it, a gene for penicillin resistance (penR) and another for chloramphenicol resistance (camR). There is a restriction site inside of the penR gene that you will use to move in your gene of interest. After cutting both your vector and insert you mix them together in a test tube. You then transform your mixture into E. coli and plate your cells on a master plate without any antibiotics. After colonies appear, you pick and re-plate onto a penicillin containing plate and onto a chloramphenicol containing plate. What do you expect to grow on the Master Plate? A. E. coli with the gene of interest in your plasmid vector B. Impossible to tell with the provided information C. Nothing will grow D. E. coli with the original plasmid vector E. E. coli with no plasmid vectorarrow_forwardA plasmid vector has two genes in it, a gene for penicillin resistance (penR) and another for chloramphenicol resistance (camR). There is a restriction site inside of the penR gene that you will use to move in your gene of interest. After cutting both your vector and insert you mix them together in a test tube. You then transform your mixture into E. coli and plate your cells on a master plate without any antibiotics. After colonies appear, you pick and re-plate onto a penicillin containing plate and onto a chloramphenicol containing plate. What do you expect to grow on the Chloramphenicol Plate? Select one or more: a.E. coli with no plasmid vector b.Impossible to determine with the provided information c.Nothing will grow d.E. coli with the gene of interest in your plasmid vector e.E. coli with the original plasmid vectorarrow_forward
- In the formation of recombinant DNA, a restriction endonuclease cuts a bacterial plasmid to give sticky ends. The DNA segments that are to be added to the plasmid are cleaved with the same restriction endonuclease. What aresticky ends and why is it important that the target DNA and the plasmid it will be incorporated into have complementary sticky ends?arrow_forwardYou have set up a recombinant DNA experiment using the plasmid PBR322 as the vector (see plasmid below). You use the BamHI restriction site on the plasmid to insert the target DNA. The plasmid is then used to transform E.coli colls Is the following statement True or False? Growth of the transformed cells on agar containing both ampicillin and tetracycline will eliminate any cells that do not contain a plasmid. Clal Hindlll EcoRI Pvul BamHI Pstl amp tet PBR322 -Sall ori rop Pvull True Falsearrow_forwardA restriction endonuclease breaks a bacterial plasmid into sticky ends to create recombinant DNA. The same restriction endonuclease is used to cleave the DNA segments that will be added to the plasmid. What are sticky ends, and why are complementary sticky ends on the target DNA and the plasmid it will be inserted into so important?arrow_forward
- A DNA sequence is shown below, which includes a gene as marked. You have the restriction enzymes SalI and HindIII available to you to excise the gene prior to its incorporation into a plasmid vector. Which would you use to excise the gene?arrow_forwardYou are cloning a gene called ice, which will help strawberry plants survive in cold weather, into a test group of strawberry plants. Select the events you would use to genetically engineer these plants. Insert the ice gene into the T-DNA region of a Ti plasmid; transform Agrobacterium tumefaciens with this plasmid; Inoculate a culture of strawberry plant cells with Agrobacterium tumefaciens; Select plant cells that have taken up the ice gene. Insert the ice gene into the T-DNA region of the Agrobacterium tumefaciens chromosome; Inoculate a culture of strawberry plant cells with Agrobacterium tumefaciens; Select plant cells that have taken up the ice gene. O Insert the ice gene into a Ti transposon; Introduce the transposon into Agrobacterium tumefaciens Ti plasmid: Inoculate a culture of strawberry plant cells with Agrobacterium tumefaciens: Select plant cells that have taken up the ice gene. Insert the ice gene into a Ti bacteriophage; transduce Agrobacterium tumefaciens with this…arrow_forwardSee the restriction enzyme map below. The total DNA length is 1800 base pairs. If this DNA is cut using three restriction enzymes, namely Kpnl, Sall and EcoRI, it yields four fragments with sizes of 390 bR. 810 bp, 270 bp www and 330 bp. Kpnl Sall EcoRI 390 810 270 330 1800 bp 1. If you were to subject this digested DNA to agarose gel electrophoresis, what would your gel look like? Draw a detailed picture of your gel. Remember to indicate the direction in which your DNA is moving and also show any reference samples. Also remember to show all components of your gel. 2. You are provided with coiled DNA and plasmid DNA that you subject to gel electrophoresis. Draw this gel. Remember to indicate the direction in which your DNA is moving and also show any reference samples. Also remember to show all components of your gel. Exac fragment sizes are not important.arrow_forward
- DEFINE THE FOLLOWING: 1) restriction enzyme 2) plasmid 3) recombinant DNAarrow_forwardAntibiotic resistance genes are often found on R plasmids (see Natural Gene Transfer and Antibiotic Resistance). A likely source of the R plasmids is bacteria that produce the antibiotic. Why would some bacteria produce antibiotics (chemicals that kill bacteria) and why would they carry R plasmids?arrow_forwardThe segment of DNA shown in the figure has restriction sites I and II, which create DNA restriction fragments A, B, and C. Which of the gels produced by electrophoresis best represents the separation and identity of these fragments? Reminder: a positive electrode is located at one end of the gel and the negative electrode at the other end. II O a. From the positive to the negative end, the order of the fragments will be B, A, C O b. From the positive to the negative end, the order of the fragments will be A, B, C O c. From the negative to the positive end, the order of the fragments will be B, A, C O d. From the positive to the negative end, the order of the fragments will be C, A, B O e. From the negative to the positive end, the order of the fragments will be A, B, Carrow_forward
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