Genetics: Analysis and Principles
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259616020
Author: Robert J. Brooker Professor Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 19, Problem 22CONQ
Summary Introduction
To review:
Involvement of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) repair system in refilling a DNA sequence from which nucleotides have been removed due to mutation.
Introduction:
When the mutations occur in the DNA of germ cells of an individual, it is inherited by its offspring. When these mutations compromise the survival of the cells, then it becomes very important to repair them, which is why all cells have developed DNA repair systems. These systems recognize the type of damage done to the DNA and act accordingly.
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Students have asked these similar questions
If a mutagen causes bases to be removed from nucleotides withinDNA, what repair system would fix this damage?
A mutation occurs that changes a codon from UCC to UCA. It turns out that this
codon is for an amino acid in the catalytic site of the enzyme DNA glycosylase, which
is involved in DNA repair. What is the most likely outcome for an organism carrying
this mutation?
The mutation will be tolerated by the organism and will lead to no physical changes.
Because the organism will no longer be able to perform base excision repair, the organism's
DNA will mutate at a rapid rate. A disease such as cancer will develop rather quickly.
Because the organism will no longer be able to perform base excision repair, the organism's
DNA will mutate at a slow but steady rate. Over time, a disease such as cancer will develop.
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1) A mutation is a change that occurs in our DNA sequence, either due to mistakes when the DNA is copied or as the result of environmental factors. All BUT ONE of the statements below correctly describes or explains genetic mutations.
A) Mutation can disrupt normal cell activity and cause diseases, like cancer.
B) Mutations in parents' cells are then passed down to offspring via reproduction.
C) Our cells can recognise any potentially mutation-causing damage and repair it before it permanent.
D) Mutations can occur as the result of exposure to environmental factors such as smoking, toxins and radiation.
Chapter 19 Solutions
Genetics: Analysis and Principles
Ch. 19.1 - 1. A mutation changes a codon that specifies...Ch. 19.1 - A down promoter mutation causes the promoter of a...Ch. 19.1 - 3. A mutation in one gene that reverses the...Ch. 19.1 - Which of the following is an example of a somatic...Ch. 19.2 - Prob. 1COMQCh. 19.3 - Which of the following is not an example of a...Ch. 19.3 - A point mutation could be caused by a....Ch. 19.3 - One way that TNRE may occur involves the formation...Ch. 19.4 - Nitrous acid replaces amino groups with keto...Ch. 19.4 - Prob. 2COMQ
Ch. 19.4 - Prob. 3COMQCh. 19.5 - The function of photolyase is to repair a....Ch. 19.5 - Which of the following DNA repair systems may...Ch. 19.5 - 3. In nucleotide excision repair in E. coli, the...Ch. 19.5 - Prob. 4COMQCh. 19.5 - An advantage of translesion-replicating...Ch. 19 - Is each of the following mutations a transition,...Ch. 19 - Prob. 2CONQCh. 19 - What does a suppressor mutation suppress? What is...Ch. 19 - Prob. 4CONQCh. 19 - X-rays strike a chromosome in a living cell and...Ch. 19 - Prob. 6CONQCh. 19 - Prob. 7CONQCh. 19 - 8. A point mutation occurs in the middle of the...Ch. 19 - Prob. 9CONQCh. 19 - Prob. 10CONQCh. 19 - 11. Is a random mutation more likely to be...Ch. 19 - 12. Which of the following mutations could be...Ch. 19 - Prob. 13CONQCh. 19 - Discuss the consequences of a germ-line versus a...Ch. 19 - Prob. 15CONQCh. 19 - Explain how a mutagen can interfere with DNA...Ch. 19 - What type of mutation (transition, transversion,...Ch. 19 - Explain what happens to the sequence of DNA during...Ch. 19 - Distinguish between spontaneous and induced...Ch. 19 - Prob. 20CONQCh. 19 - Prob. 21CONQCh. 19 - Prob. 22CONQCh. 19 - Trinucleotide repeat expansions (TNREs) are...Ch. 19 - 24. With regard to TNRE, what is meant by the term...Ch. 19 - 25. What is the difference between the mutation...Ch. 19 - Achondroplasia is a rare form of dwarfism. It is...Ch. 19 - Prob. 27CONQCh. 19 - In the treatment of cancer, the basis for many...Ch. 19 - Prob. 29CONQCh. 19 - 30. Which of the following examples is likely to...Ch. 19 - Prob. 31CONQCh. 19 - Prob. 32CONQCh. 19 - Prob. 33CONQCh. 19 - With regard to the repair of double-strand breaks,...Ch. 19 - Prob. 35CONQCh. 19 - Prob. 36CONQCh. 19 - 37. Three common ways to repair changes in DNA...Ch. 19 - Prob. 38CONQCh. 19 - Prob. 39CONQCh. 19 - Explain how the technique of replica plating...Ch. 19 - 2. Outline how you would use the technique of...Ch. 19 - 3. From an experimental point of view, is it...Ch. 19 - Prob. 4EQCh. 19 - Prob. 5EQCh. 19 - 6. Richard Boyce and Paul Howard-Flanders...Ch. 19 - In E. coli, a variety of mutator strains have been...Ch. 19 - 2. Discuss the times in a person’s life when it is...Ch. 19 - A large amount of research is aimed at studying...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- While there is a T nucleotide in one position in one of the double chains, if there is a G nucleotide opposite this nucleotide in the complementary chain; Does this pose a problem? If you think it will cause a problem, explain what kind of problem it may create. What repair systems might work to fix this problem? Briefly describe the operation of these systems.arrow_forwardExplain why cuts are made on both sides of the damaged region of the DNA.arrow_forwardWhat is meant by “error-prone” DNA repair?arrow_forward
- How/or which the DNA repair mechanism fixes each mutation?arrow_forwardXeroderma pigmentosum is a genetic disease caused by an error in the nucleotide excision repair process that fixes damage to DNA by ultraviolet light. Studies have shown that it can result from mutations in any one of seven genes. What can you infer from this finding? A) There are seven genes that produce the same protein B) These seven genes are the most easily damaged by ultraviolet light. C) There are seven enzymes involved in the nucleotide excision repair process. D) These mutations have resulted from translocation of gene segments.arrow_forwardWhat is a mutagen?arrow_forward
- Which, if any, of the following statements is false? a) Most of the inherited changes in our DNA arise because of exposure to extracellular mutagens, including radiation sources and chemical mutagens. b) Most of the inherited changes in our DNA arise because of unavoidable endogenous errors in cellular mechanisms and harmful effects of certain natural molecules and atoms within our cells. c) Errors in DNA replication and DNA repair are a major source of mutations in our cells. d) Significant chemical damage is sustained by DNA because of its proximity to water molecules in our cells.arrow_forwardAn alteration in a nucleotide sequence that changes a triplet coding for an amino acid into a termination codon isa) Nonsense mutationb) Mutagenesisc) Mutationd) Mutagenarrow_forwardWhat type of repair system would cells most likely use to repair DNA with a deaminated adenine?arrow_forward
- Chemical mutagens often cause oxidation or deamination of DNA bases. This can lead to cancer by causing: A) Activation of replication. B) Activation of transcription. C) Non Watson-Crick base pairing. OD) Changes to cytochrome P450 enzymes. OE) Activation of translation.arrow_forwardWhat are Mutagens?arrow_forwardThe xenobiotic molecule ethyl chloride (CH3CH2Cl) is mutagenic. To what class of mutagenic substances does it belong?arrow_forward
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