Human Physiology
15th Edition
ISBN: 9781259864629
Author: Fox, Stuart Ira
Publisher: Mcgraw-hill Education,
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Question
Chapter 19, Problem 21RA
Summary Introduction
To review:
The following:
1. The effect of thyroxine on cell respiration.
2. The reason behind the hypothyroid condition resulting in weight gain and less tolerance for cold.
Introduction:
The endocrine glands release their chemical secretions called hormones directly in the blood from where they are supplied to the target sites. Thyroid gland secretes T4 (thyroxine), T3 (triidothyronine), and calcitonin. Thyroxine regulates the iodine level in the body and calcitonin maintains the calcium level in the bloodstream.
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Follow the process of thyroxine formation and release.
Identify three hormones other than insulin and glucagon that affect glucose metabolism. Describe the effect of each hormone.
Explain why obese individuals are often insulin-resistant.
Chapter 19 Solutions
Human Physiology
Ch. 19 - Explain how the metabolic rate is influenced by...Ch. 19 - Prob. 2aCPCh. 19 - Prob. 2bCPCh. 19 - Prob. 3CPCh. 19 - Distinguish between the energy reserves and...Ch. 19 - Prob. 5CPCh. 19 - Identify the brain regions involved in hunger and...Ch. 19 - Prob. 7CPCh. 19 - Describe how the secretions of insulin and...Ch. 19 - Prob. 8bCP
Ch. 19 - Define the following terms: glycogenolysis,...Ch. 19 - Prob. 9CPCh. 19 - Prob. 10aCPCh. 19 - Prob. 10bCPCh. 19 - Explain the meaning of the terms insulin...Ch. 19 - Prob. 12aCPCh. 19 - Prob. 12bCPCh. 19 - Prob. 13aCPCh. 19 - Prob. 13bCPCh. 19 - Describe the mechanisms by which the secretion of...Ch. 19 - Prob. 15aCPCh. 19 - Prob. 15bCPCh. 19 - Prob. 15cCPCh. 19 - ln questions 1-5, match the item to the correct...Ch. 19 - Prob. 2RACh. 19 - Prob. 3RACh. 19 - Prob. 4RACh. 19 - Prob. 5RACh. 19 - Prob. 6RACh. 19 - Prob. 7RACh. 19 - Prob. 8RACh. 19 - Prob. 9RACh. 19 - The increased intestinal absorption of calcium is...Ch. 19 - Prob. 11RACh. 19 - Prob. 12RACh. 19 - Prob. 13RACh. 19 - Prob. 14RACh. 19 - Prob. 15RACh. 19 - Prob. 16RACh. 19 - Prob. 17RACh. 19 - Prob. 18RACh. 19 - Prob. 19RACh. 19 - Prob. 20RACh. 19 - Prob. 21RACh. 19 - Prob. 22RACh. 19 - Prob. 23RACh. 19 - Prob. 24RACh. 19 - Prob. 25RACh. 19 - Prob. 26RACh. 19 - Prob. 27RACh. 19 - Describe the conditions of gigantism, acromegaly,...Ch. 19 - Describe how hormones secreted by the...Ch. 19 - Prob. 30RACh. 19 - Prob. 31RACh. 19 - Prob. 32RACh. 19 - Prob. 33RACh. 19 - Prob. 34RACh. 19 - Prob. 35RACh. 19 - Prob. 36RACh. 19 - Prob. 37RACh. 19 - Prob. 38RACh. 19 - Prob. 39RACh. 19 - Prob. 40RACh. 19 - Prob. 41RACh. 19 - Prob. 42RACh. 19 - Prob. 43RA
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- Describe the effects of insulin and glucagon on bloodglucose.arrow_forwardThyroid hormone is important for the regulation of basal metabolism. What are the neck or benefits of -A long half-life of the hormone? -A short half-life?arrow_forwardPatients with acromegaly have increased circulating levels of GH and exhibit abnormal glucose tolerance due to severe insulin resistance. Explain why growth hormone is diabetogenic.arrow_forward
- Describe the mechanism of action of insulin. Based on the MOA, when would insulin be contraindicated?arrow_forwardWhich of the following is true about the pathophysiology of hypoglycemia? Question 62 options: a) Glucagon decreases glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis in the liver b) Autonomic symptoms are caused by increased levels of glucagon which then stimulates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis c) Beta cells suppress insulin secretion at a plasma glucose level of 3 mmol/L d) Abrupt cessation of glucose delivery to the brain results in confusion, drowsiness, vision changes, and headachearrow_forwardExplain the actions of two hormones of the islets of Langerhans on the level of glucose in the blood. What is the consequence of insulin insufficiency or insensitivity as in the disease diabetes mellitus?arrow_forward
- Explain the reasons why each of these signs and symptoms happen in Hyperthyroidism and Hypothyroidism. Hyperthyroidism Hypothyroidism Weight loss Weight gain Increases appetite Decreased appetite Increased sensitivity to heat Increased sensitivity to cold Diarrhea Constipation Tachycardia Bradycardia Increased hair and nail growth Hair loss and thin nails Anxiety and irritability Depression Tremors Periorbital puffiness Muscle weakness Deafnessarrow_forwardExplain the impact of nitrosamines ?arrow_forwardExplain the importance of Insulin ?arrow_forward
- Describe and explain the effects of thyroid hormones on O2 consumption and metabolic rate. In what ways do the thyroid hormones cause those effects? State whether the responses to thyroid hormones are immediate or whether they take some time to develop?arrow_forwardExplain how insulin and glucagon work together to maintain the blood glucose level within the normal range?arrow_forwardWhat is meant by insulin and glucagon antagonists and how are they useful in normal body function?arrow_forward
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