(a) Interpretation: The structure of 6-methyloctanal should be drawn. Concept Introduction: In aldehyde nomenclature, aldehydes are identified by the suffix "-al". C-1 is given to the aldehyde carbon in numbering the parent chain, but this number is omitted in the name.

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Answer 1

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Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 16, Problem 50P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The structure of 6-methyloctanal should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

In aldehyde nomenclature, aldehydes are identified by the suffix "-al". C-1 is given to the aldehyde carbon in numbering the parent chain, but this number is omitted in the name.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The chirality center of 6-methyloctanal should be labeled.

Concept Introduction:

Chirality is a phenomenon referred to when a molecule's mirror image is non-superimposable. That means a molecule and its mirror image are not similar. In organic molecules, chiral center is defined as the carbon with four different groups.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Products formed when 6-methyloctanal is treated with H₂ and a palladium catalyst should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

In a reduction of an organic molecule, either the number of C-O bonds decreases or number of C-H bonds increases. So when an aldehyde is reduced by H₂ in the presence of Pd catalyst, C=O double bond is reduced to C-O single bond and H₂ is added across this C=O double bond forming a primary alcohol.

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4 But-2-enal, CH₂CH=CHCHO, is a pale yellow, flammable liquid with an irritating odour. (a) But-2-enal exists as two stereoisomers. Draw skeletal formulae to show the structure of the two stereoisomers of but-2-enal. (b) (i) Describe a simple chemical test that would show that but-2-enal is an aldehyde. (ii) Explain why this test gives a different result with aldehydes than it does with keton (c) But-2-enal also reacts with sodium borohydride, NaBH4. (i) Identify the organic compound formed in this reaction. (ii) State the type of chemical reaction occurring. (d) Precautions must be taken to prevent but-2-enal catching fire. Construct a balanced equation for the complete combustion of but-2-enal, C₂HO.

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Answer 2

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 16, Problem 50P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The structure of 6-methyloctanal should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

In aldehyde nomenclature, aldehydes are identified by the suffix "-al". C-1 is given to the aldehyde carbon in numbering the parent chain, but this number is omitted in the name.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The chirality center of 6-methyloctanal should be labeled.

Concept Introduction:

Chirality is a phenomenon referred to when a molecule's mirror image is non-superimposable. That means a molecule and its mirror image are not similar. In organic molecules, chiral center is defined as the carbon with four different groups.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Products formed when 6-methyloctanal is treated with H₂ and a palladium catalyst should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

In a reduction of an organic molecule, either the number of C-O bonds decreases or number of C-H bonds increases. So when an aldehyde is reduced by H₂ in the presence of Pd catalyst, C=O double bond is reduced to C-O single bond and H₂ is added across this C=O double bond forming a primary alcohol.

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 16, Problem 50P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The structure of 6-methyloctanal should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

In aldehyde nomenclature, aldehydes are identified by the suffix "-al". C-1 is given to the aldehyde carbon in numbering the parent chain, but this number is omitted in the name.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The chirality center of 6-methyloctanal should be labeled.

Concept Introduction:

Chirality is a phenomenon referred to when a molecule's mirror image is non-superimposable. That means a molecule and its mirror image are not similar. In organic molecules, chiral center is defined as the carbon with four different groups.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Products formed when 6-methyloctanal is treated with H₂ and a palladium catalyst should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

In a reduction of an organic molecule, either the number of C-O bonds decreases or number of C-H bonds increases. So when an aldehyde is reduced by H₂ in the presence of Pd catalyst, C=O double bond is reduced to C-O single bond and H₂ is added across this C=O double bond forming a primary alcohol.

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Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 16, Problem 50P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The structure of 6-methyloctanal should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

In aldehyde nomenclature, aldehydes are identified by the suffix "-al". C-1 is given to the aldehyde carbon in numbering the parent chain, but this number is omitted in the name.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The chirality center of 6-methyloctanal should be labeled.

Concept Introduction:

Chirality is a phenomenon referred to when a molecule's mirror image is non-superimposable. That means a molecule and its mirror image are not similar. In organic molecules, chiral center is defined as the carbon with four different groups.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Products formed when 6-methyloctanal is treated with H₂ and a palladium catalyst should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

In a reduction of an organic molecule, either the number of C-O bonds decreases or number of C-H bonds increases. So when an aldehyde is reduced by H₂ in the presence of Pd catalyst, C=O double bond is reduced to C-O single bond and H₂ is added across this C=O double bond forming a primary alcohol.

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Answer 5

Chapter 16, Problem 50P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The structure of 6-methyloctanal should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

In aldehyde nomenclature, aldehydes are identified by the suffix "-al". C-1 is given to the aldehyde carbon in numbering the parent chain, but this number is omitted in the name.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The chirality center of 6-methyloctanal should be labeled.

Concept Introduction:

Chirality is a phenomenon referred to when a molecule's mirror image is non-superimposable. That means a molecule and its mirror image are not similar. In organic molecules, chiral center is defined as the carbon with four different groups.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Products formed when 6-methyloctanal is treated with H₂ and a palladium catalyst should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

In a reduction of an organic molecule, either the number of C-O bonds decreases or number of C-H bonds increases. So when an aldehyde is reduced by H₂ in the presence of Pd catalyst, C=O double bond is reduced to C-O single bond and H₂ is added across this C=O double bond forming a primary alcohol.

Answer 6

Chapter 16, Problem 50P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The structure of 6-methyloctanal should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

In aldehyde nomenclature, aldehydes are identified by the suffix "-al". C-1 is given to the aldehyde carbon in numbering the parent chain, but this number is omitted in the name.

Answer 7

Chapter 16, Problem 50P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The structure of 6-methyloctanal should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

In aldehyde nomenclature, aldehydes are identified by the suffix "-al". C-1 is given to the aldehyde carbon in numbering the parent chain, but this number is omitted in the name.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The chirality center of 6-methyloctanal should be labeled.

Concept Introduction:

Chirality is a phenomenon referred to when a molecule's mirror image is non-superimposable. That means a molecule and its mirror image are not similar. In organic molecules, chiral center is defined as the carbon with four different groups.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The chirality center of 6-methyloctanal should be labeled.

Concept Introduction:

Chirality is a phenomenon referred to when a molecule's mirror image is non-superimposable. That means a molecule and its mirror image are not similar. In organic molecules, chiral center is defined as the carbon with four different groups.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Products formed when 6-methyloctanal is treated with H₂ and a palladium catalyst should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

In a reduction of an organic molecule, either the number of C-O bonds decreases or number of C-H bonds increases. So when an aldehyde is reduced by H₂ in the presence of Pd catalyst, C=O double bond is reduced to C-O single bond and H₂ is added across this C=O double bond forming a primary alcohol.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Products formed when 6-methyloctanal is treated with H₂ and a palladium catalyst should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

In a reduction of an organic molecule, either the number of C-O bonds decreases or number of C-H bonds increases. So when an aldehyde is reduced by H₂ in the presence of Pd catalyst, C=O double bond is reduced to C-O single bond and H₂ is added across this C=O double bond forming a primary alcohol.

Answer 12

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Answer 13

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Answer 14

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Answer 15

Ch. 16.1 - Prob. 16.1P Ch. 16.1 - Draw the structure of the three constitutional...Ch. 16.2 - Give the IUPAC name for each aldehyde. a. (...Ch. 16.2 - Give the structure corresponding to each TUPAC...Ch. 16.2 - Prob. 16.4P Ch. 16.2 - Prob. 16.2PP Ch. 16.2 - Give the structure corresponding to each name. a....Ch. 16.3 - Which compound in each pair has the higher boiling...Ch. 16.3 - Acetone and progesterone are two ketones that...Ch. 16.4 - Prob. 16.8P

(a) Interpretation: The structure of 6-methyloctanal should be drawn. Concept Introduction: In aldehyde nomenclature, aldehydes are identified by the suffix "-al". C-1 is given to the aldehyde carbon in numbering the parent chain, but this number is omitted in the name.

Solution Summary: The author explains that the chirality center of 6-methyloctanal should be labeled.

(a)

Interpretation:

The structure of 6-methyloctanal should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

In aldehyde nomenclature, aldehydes are identified by the suffix "-al". C-1 is given to the aldehyde carbon in numbering the parent chain, but this number is omitted in the name.

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Chapter 16 Solutions