a. To determine: The number of genes and operons depicted in the figure, the average gene density, and the representativeness of the value to the most bacterial genomes. Introduction: The mentioned figure shows the RNA-Seq results from the RNA-Seq experiment. In the analysis part, the computer lines up each of cDNA sequence read with the genome sequence of the bacterium.

Question

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 16, Problem 38P

Summary Introduction

a.

To determine:

The number of genes and operons depicted in the figure, the average gene density, and the representativeness of the value to the most bacterial genomes.

Introduction:

The mentioned figure shows the RNA-Seq results from the RNA-Seq experiment. In the analysis part, the computer lines up each of cDNA sequence read with the genome sequence of the bacterium.

Summary Introduction

b.

To determine:

Whether the given data proves that t2110 is nonfunctional and the process by which scientists were able to assign a direction to the transcription when no transcript of the gene was found.

Introduction:

In the performed experiment, it was found that no transcripts for the gene t2110 were detected.

Summary Introduction

c.

To determine:

The evidence that suggests the existence of an attenuation or riboswitch mechanism, causing premature transcriptional termination of an operon and the observation of any of the operon that might be controlled by such a mechanism.

Introduction:

The process of attenuation is considered as the method of control in some bacterial operons, and it causes premature termination of transcription.

Summary Introduction

d.

To determine:

The depiction of the given figure if the antisense mechanism was involved in controlling the gene or operon.

Introduction:

The mentioned figure does not provide any evidence that any of the genes or operons are regulated by an antisense transcript.

Summary Introduction

e.

To determine:

The possibility of the transcription of the galM gene from the different promoter.

Introduction:

The given figure depicts galM gene to be a part of the operon containing galETK. There is even a possibility that galM is transcribed from a separate promoter.

Summary Introduction

f.

To determine:

Whether the data shown in the figure reveal the presence of a regulatory mechanism in relation to an sRNA occluding the ribosome binding site.

Introduction:

The ribosome binding site is present in upstream to the start codon. It is a sequence of nucleotides which play an important role in recruiting the ribosome at the initiation of the translation process.

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Students have asked these similar questions

The streptolysin S toxin made by S. pyogenes is encoded by a 9-gene operon, sagABCDEFGHI. Thinking about what a 3-line diagram would look like for this operon, answer the following questions. Write numeric answers only. For example, if your answer is 6 promoters, write only 6. 1) How many promoters control the expression of these genes? 2) How many locations does RNA Polymerase bind to get full expression of these genes? 3) How many ribosome binding sites are needed for full protein expression? 4) How many start codons will be needed for full protein expression? 5) How many mRNA strands will be produced with full operon expression? 6) How many proteins will be produced with full protein expression? 1

A graduate student studying the pathogenic bacteria Acinetobacter baumannii made cDNA from planktonic cells and biofilm cells and performed RNA-Seq on both samples. She aligned her sequencing reads to a locus of the baumannii genome as shown. a. Which genes are on an operon together? Explain which data supports this? b. What is the most expressed transcript from the locus in Planktonic culture? c. Order the transcripts from largest increase in relative expression between biofilm and planktonic cells to the largest decrease in relative expression. d. When this data was compared to microarray transcriptional profiling, the microarray data provided lower expression levels for the most highly expressed transcripts. Why did this occur?

A number of mutations affect the expression of the lac operon in E. coli. The genotypes of several E. coli strains are shown below. ("+" indicates a wild-type gene with normal function and "-" indicates a loss-of-function allele.) Please predict which of the following strains would have the highest beta-galactosidase enzyme activity, when grown in the lactose medium. O CAP+ r* p* o* z O CAP* I P* o* z* O CAP* r* P O* z* O CAP I P* O z*

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 16, Problem 38P

Summary Introduction

a.

To determine:

The number of genes and operons depicted in the figure, the average gene density, and the representativeness of the value to the most bacterial genomes.

Introduction:

The mentioned figure shows the RNA-Seq results from the RNA-Seq experiment. In the analysis part, the computer lines up each of cDNA sequence read with the genome sequence of the bacterium.

Summary Introduction

b.

To determine:

Whether the given data proves that t2110 is nonfunctional and the process by which scientists were able to assign a direction to the transcription when no transcript of the gene was found.

Introduction:

In the performed experiment, it was found that no transcripts for the gene t2110 were detected.

Summary Introduction

c.

To determine:

The evidence that suggests the existence of an attenuation or riboswitch mechanism, causing premature transcriptional termination of an operon and the observation of any of the operon that might be controlled by such a mechanism.

Introduction:

The process of attenuation is considered as the method of control in some bacterial operons, and it causes premature termination of transcription.

Summary Introduction

d.

To determine:

The depiction of the given figure if the antisense mechanism was involved in controlling the gene or operon.

Introduction:

The mentioned figure does not provide any evidence that any of the genes or operons are regulated by an antisense transcript.

Summary Introduction

e.

To determine:

The possibility of the transcription of the galM gene from the different promoter.

Introduction:

The given figure depicts galM gene to be a part of the operon containing galETK. There is even a possibility that galM is transcribed from a separate promoter.

Summary Introduction

f.

To determine:

Whether the data shown in the figure reveal the presence of a regulatory mechanism in relation to an sRNA occluding the ribosome binding site.

Introduction:

The ribosome binding site is present in upstream to the start codon. It is a sequence of nucleotides which play an important role in recruiting the ribosome at the initiation of the translation process.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 16, Problem 38P

Summary Introduction

a.

To determine:

The number of genes and operons depicted in the figure, the average gene density, and the representativeness of the value to the most bacterial genomes.

Introduction:

The mentioned figure shows the RNA-Seq results from the RNA-Seq experiment. In the analysis part, the computer lines up each of cDNA sequence read with the genome sequence of the bacterium.

Summary Introduction

b.

To determine:

Whether the given data proves that t2110 is nonfunctional and the process by which scientists were able to assign a direction to the transcription when no transcript of the gene was found.

Introduction:

In the performed experiment, it was found that no transcripts for the gene t2110 were detected.

Summary Introduction

c.

To determine:

The evidence that suggests the existence of an attenuation or riboswitch mechanism, causing premature transcriptional termination of an operon and the observation of any of the operon that might be controlled by such a mechanism.

Introduction:

The process of attenuation is considered as the method of control in some bacterial operons, and it causes premature termination of transcription.

Summary Introduction

d.

To determine:

The depiction of the given figure if the antisense mechanism was involved in controlling the gene or operon.

Introduction:

The mentioned figure does not provide any evidence that any of the genes or operons are regulated by an antisense transcript.

Summary Introduction

e.

To determine:

The possibility of the transcription of the galM gene from the different promoter.

Introduction:

The given figure depicts galM gene to be a part of the operon containing galETK. There is even a possibility that galM is transcribed from a separate promoter.

Summary Introduction

f.

To determine:

Whether the data shown in the figure reveal the presence of a regulatory mechanism in relation to an sRNA occluding the ribosome binding site.

Introduction:

The ribosome binding site is present in upstream to the start codon. It is a sequence of nucleotides which play an important role in recruiting the ribosome at the initiation of the translation process.

Expert Solution & Answer

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See solution

Answer 4

Question

Chapter 16, Problem 38P

Summary Introduction

a.

To determine:

The number of genes and operons depicted in the figure, the average gene density, and the representativeness of the value to the most bacterial genomes.

Introduction:

The mentioned figure shows the RNA-Seq results from the RNA-Seq experiment. In the analysis part, the computer lines up each of cDNA sequence read with the genome sequence of the bacterium.

Summary Introduction

b.

To determine:

Whether the given data proves that t2110 is nonfunctional and the process by which scientists were able to assign a direction to the transcription when no transcript of the gene was found.

Introduction:

In the performed experiment, it was found that no transcripts for the gene t2110 were detected.

Summary Introduction

c.

To determine:

The evidence that suggests the existence of an attenuation or riboswitch mechanism, causing premature transcriptional termination of an operon and the observation of any of the operon that might be controlled by such a mechanism.

Introduction:

The process of attenuation is considered as the method of control in some bacterial operons, and it causes premature termination of transcription.

Summary Introduction

d.

To determine:

The depiction of the given figure if the antisense mechanism was involved in controlling the gene or operon.

Introduction:

The mentioned figure does not provide any evidence that any of the genes or operons are regulated by an antisense transcript.

Summary Introduction

e.

To determine:

The possibility of the transcription of the galM gene from the different promoter.

Introduction:

The given figure depicts galM gene to be a part of the operon containing galETK. There is even a possibility that galM is transcribed from a separate promoter.

Summary Introduction

f.

To determine:

Whether the data shown in the figure reveal the presence of a regulatory mechanism in relation to an sRNA occluding the ribosome binding site.

Introduction:

The ribosome binding site is present in upstream to the start codon. It is a sequence of nucleotides which play an important role in recruiting the ribosome at the initiation of the translation process.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 5

Chapter 16, Problem 38P

Summary Introduction

a.

To determine:

The number of genes and operons depicted in the figure, the average gene density, and the representativeness of the value to the most bacterial genomes.

Introduction:

The mentioned figure shows the RNA-Seq results from the RNA-Seq experiment. In the analysis part, the computer lines up each of cDNA sequence read with the genome sequence of the bacterium.

Summary Introduction

b.

To determine:

Whether the given data proves that t2110 is nonfunctional and the process by which scientists were able to assign a direction to the transcription when no transcript of the gene was found.

Introduction:

In the performed experiment, it was found that no transcripts for the gene t2110 were detected.

Summary Introduction

c.

To determine:

The evidence that suggests the existence of an attenuation or riboswitch mechanism, causing premature transcriptional termination of an operon and the observation of any of the operon that might be controlled by such a mechanism.

Introduction:

The process of attenuation is considered as the method of control in some bacterial operons, and it causes premature termination of transcription.

Summary Introduction

d.

To determine:

The depiction of the given figure if the antisense mechanism was involved in controlling the gene or operon.

Introduction:

The mentioned figure does not provide any evidence that any of the genes or operons are regulated by an antisense transcript.

Summary Introduction

e.

To determine:

The possibility of the transcription of the galM gene from the different promoter.

Introduction:

The given figure depicts galM gene to be a part of the operon containing galETK. There is even a possibility that galM is transcribed from a separate promoter.

Summary Introduction

f.

To determine:

Whether the data shown in the figure reveal the presence of a regulatory mechanism in relation to an sRNA occluding the ribosome binding site.

Introduction:

The ribosome binding site is present in upstream to the start codon. It is a sequence of nucleotides which play an important role in recruiting the ribosome at the initiation of the translation process.

Answer 6

Chapter 16, Problem 38P

Summary Introduction

a.

To determine:

The number of genes and operons depicted in the figure, the average gene density, and the representativeness of the value to the most bacterial genomes.

Introduction:

The mentioned figure shows the RNA-Seq results from the RNA-Seq experiment. In the analysis part, the computer lines up each of cDNA sequence read with the genome sequence of the bacterium.

Answer 7

Chapter 16, Problem 38P

Summary Introduction

a.

To determine:

The number of genes and operons depicted in the figure, the average gene density, and the representativeness of the value to the most bacterial genomes.

Introduction:

The mentioned figure shows the RNA-Seq results from the RNA-Seq experiment. In the analysis part, the computer lines up each of cDNA sequence read with the genome sequence of the bacterium.

Answer 8

Summary Introduction

b.

To determine:

Whether the given data proves that t2110 is nonfunctional and the process by which scientists were able to assign a direction to the transcription when no transcript of the gene was found.

Introduction:

In the performed experiment, it was found that no transcripts for the gene t2110 were detected.

Answer 9

Summary Introduction

b.

To determine:

Whether the given data proves that t2110 is nonfunctional and the process by which scientists were able to assign a direction to the transcription when no transcript of the gene was found.

Introduction:

In the performed experiment, it was found that no transcripts for the gene t2110 were detected.

Answer 10

Summary Introduction

c.

To determine:

The evidence that suggests the existence of an attenuation or riboswitch mechanism, causing premature transcriptional termination of an operon and the observation of any of the operon that might be controlled by such a mechanism.

Introduction:

The process of attenuation is considered as the method of control in some bacterial operons, and it causes premature termination of transcription.

Answer 11

Summary Introduction

c.

To determine:

The evidence that suggests the existence of an attenuation or riboswitch mechanism, causing premature transcriptional termination of an operon and the observation of any of the operon that might be controlled by such a mechanism.

Introduction:

The process of attenuation is considered as the method of control in some bacterial operons, and it causes premature termination of transcription.

Answer 12

Summary Introduction

d.

To determine:

The depiction of the given figure if the antisense mechanism was involved in controlling the gene or operon.

Introduction:

The mentioned figure does not provide any evidence that any of the genes or operons are regulated by an antisense transcript.

Answer 13

Summary Introduction

d.

To determine:

The depiction of the given figure if the antisense mechanism was involved in controlling the gene or operon.

Introduction:

The mentioned figure does not provide any evidence that any of the genes or operons are regulated by an antisense transcript.

Answer 14

Summary Introduction

e.

To determine:

The possibility of the transcription of the galM gene from the different promoter.

Introduction:

The given figure depicts galM gene to be a part of the operon containing galETK. There is even a possibility that galM is transcribed from a separate promoter.

Answer 15

Summary Introduction

e.

To determine:

The possibility of the transcription of the galM gene from the different promoter.

Introduction:

The given figure depicts galM gene to be a part of the operon containing galETK. There is even a possibility that galM is transcribed from a separate promoter.

Answer 16

Summary Introduction

f.

To determine:

Whether the data shown in the figure reveal the presence of a regulatory mechanism in relation to an sRNA occluding the ribosome binding site.

Introduction:

The ribosome binding site is present in upstream to the start codon. It is a sequence of nucleotides which play an important role in recruiting the ribosome at the initiation of the translation process.

Answer 17

Summary Introduction

f.

To determine:

Whether the data shown in the figure reveal the presence of a regulatory mechanism in relation to an sRNA occluding the ribosome binding site.

Introduction:

The ribosome binding site is present in upstream to the start codon. It is a sequence of nucleotides which play an important role in recruiting the ribosome at the initiation of the translation process.

Answer 18

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Answer 19

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 20

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Answer 21

Ch. 16 - For each of the terms in the left column, choose...Ch. 16 - The following statement occurs early in this...Ch. 16 - One of the main lessons of this chapter is that...Ch. 16 - All mutations that abolish function of the Rho...Ch. 16 - The figure at the beginning of this chapter shows...Ch. 16 - The promoter of an operon is the site to which RNA...Ch. 16 - You are studying an operon containing three genes...Ch. 16 - You have isolated a protein that binds to DNA in...Ch. 16 - You have isolated two different mutants reg1 and...Ch. 16 - Bacteriophage , after infecting a cell, can...

Solution Summary: The author analyzes the RNA-Seq results and determines whether t2110 is non-functional because there are chances that it can be transcribed in different environmental conditions.

Concept explainers

Videos

d.

To determine:

The depiction of the given figure if the antisense mechanism was involved in controlling the gene or operon.

Introduction:

The mentioned figure does not provide any evidence that any of the genes or operons are regulated by an antisense transcript.

e.

To determine:

The possibility of the transcription of the galM gene from the different promoter.

Introduction:

The given figure depicts galM gene to be a part of the operon containing galETK. There is even a possibility that galM is transcribed from a separate promoter.

Want to see the full answer?

Chapter 16 Solutions

Solution Summary: The author analyzes the RNA-Seq results and determines whether t2110 is non-functional because there are chances that it can be transcribed in different environmental conditions.

Concept explainers

Videos

d. To determine: The depiction of the given figure if the antisense mechanism was involved in controlling the gene or operon. Introduction: The mentioned figure does not provide any evidence that any of the genes or operons are regulated by an antisense transcript.

e. To determine: The possibility of the transcription of the galM gene from the different promoter. Introduction: The given figure depicts galM gene to be a part of the operon containing galETK. There is even a possibility that galM is transcribed from a separate promoter.

Want to see the full answer?

Chapter 16 Solutions

d.

To determine:

The depiction of the given figure if the antisense mechanism was involved in controlling the gene or operon.

Introduction:

The mentioned figure does not provide any evidence that any of the genes or operons are regulated by an antisense transcript.

e.

To determine:

The possibility of the transcription of the galM gene from the different promoter.

Introduction:

The given figure depicts galM gene to be a part of the operon containing galETK. There is even a possibility that galM is transcribed from a separate promoter.