Genetics: From Genes to Genomes
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259700903
Author: Leland Hartwell Dr., Michael L. Goldberg Professor Dr., Janice Fischer, Leroy Hood Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 16, Problem 3P
One of the main lessons of this chapter is that several bacterial genes are often transcribed from a single promoter into a large multigene (polycistronic) transcript. The region of DNA containing the set of genes that are cotranscribed, along with all of the regulatory elements that control the expression of these genes, is called an operon.
| a. Which of the mechanisms in the following list could explain differences in the levels of the mRNAs for different operons? | ||||||
b. Which of the mechanisms in the following list could explain differences in the levels of the protein products of different genes in the same operon?
|
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Consider the lac operon of E. coli. Specifically, explain the following:
a. Describe the overall chromosomal structure/organization of the operon, indicating the location
and function of the regulatory regions and the structural genes.
b. Is lac a catabolic or anabolic pathway? Explain. Is the operon inducible or repressible? Explain.
c. Describe the mechanisms involved in negative control & positive control
The lactose operon in E. coli comprises two structural genes and three regulatory components.a.State the name of each structural gene and describe its function:
b.) State the name of each regulatory component and describe its function
The lac operon consists of three structural genes, lacZ, lacY and lacA that are transcribed as a
single polycistronic mRNA. You are given a new strain of Escherichia coli with the following
lac operon genotype:
p+0°Z•Y*A +// P*O*Z*Y+ A-
(i)
Explain how the lac I gene affects gene expression.
(ii)
Explain the function of the lacP in the bacterial operon.
(iii)
Which part of the lac operon is cis-dominant? Explain.
Chapter 16 Solutions
Genetics: From Genes to Genomes
Ch. 16 - For each of the terms in the left column, choose...Ch. 16 - The following statement occurs early in this...Ch. 16 - One of the main lessons of this chapter is that...Ch. 16 - All mutations that abolish function of the Rho...Ch. 16 - The figure at the beginning of this chapter shows...Ch. 16 - The promoter of an operon is the site to which RNA...Ch. 16 - You are studying an operon containing three genes...Ch. 16 - You have isolated a protein that binds to DNA in...Ch. 16 - You have isolated two different mutants reg1 and...Ch. 16 - Bacteriophage , after infecting a cell, can...
Ch. 16 - Mutants were isolated in which the constitutive...Ch. 16 - Suppose you have six strains of E. coli. One is...Ch. 16 - The previous problem raises some interesting...Ch. 16 - For each of the E. coli strains containing the lac...Ch. 16 - For each of the following growth conditions, what...Ch. 16 - For each of the following mutant E. coli strains,...Ch. 16 - Maltose utilization in E. coli requires the...Ch. 16 - Seven E. coli mutants were isolated. The activity...Ch. 16 - Cells containing missense mutations in the crp...Ch. 16 - Six strains of E.coli mutants 16 that had one of...Ch. 16 - a. The original constitutive operator mutations in...Ch. 16 - In an effort to determine the location of an...Ch. 16 - Prob. 23PCh. 16 - The footprinting experiment described in Fig....Ch. 16 - Why is the trp attenuation mechanism unique to...Ch. 16 - a. How many ribosomes are required at a minimum...Ch. 16 - The following is a sequence of the leader region...Ch. 16 - For each of the E. coli strains that follow,...Ch. 16 - Prob. 29PCh. 16 - For each element in the list that follows,...Ch. 16 - Among the structurally simplest riboswitches are...Ch. 16 - Great variation exists in the mechanisms by which...Ch. 16 - Many genes whose expression is turned on by DNA...Ch. 16 - In 2005, Frederick Blattner and his colleagues...Ch. 16 - The E.coli MalT protein is a positive regulator of...Ch. 16 - Prob. 36PCh. 16 - Prob. 37PCh. 16 - Prob. 38PCh. 16 - Prob. 39PCh. 16 - Prob. 40PCh. 16 - Prob. 41PCh. 16 - The researchers who investigated bioluminescence...Ch. 16 - Prob. 43PCh. 16 - Quorum sensing controls the expression of...Ch. 16 - Scientists are currently screening a chemical...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- How will transcription of the E. coli trp (tryptophan) operon be affected by the following manipulations of the leader region of the trp mRNA?(a) Increasing the distance (number of bases) between the leader peptide gene and region 2(b) Increasing the distance between region 2 and region 3(c) Removing region 4(d) Changing several nucleotides in region 3 so that in can base pair with region 4 but not with region 2arrow_forwarda. What is the function of operons in bacterial gene regulation? b. Describe how a bacterial operon can be regulated by repressible proteins (such as the tryptophan operon). Include in your description both the “on” and “off” states of the operon. Key elements of your diagram should include: Co-repressor, Genes, mRNA, Operator, Operon, Promoter, Repressor, RNA polymerase.arrow_forwardMutations in bacterial promoters may increase or decrease the rate of gene transcription. Promoter mutations that increase the transcription rate are termed up-promoter mutations, and those that decrease the transcription rate are termed down-promoter mutations. As shown , the sequence of the −10 site of the promoter for the lac operon is TATGTT. Would you expect the following mutations to be up-promoter or down-promoter mutations? A. TATGTT to TATATT B. TATGTT to TTTGTT C. TATGTT to TATGATarrow_forward
- Listed in parts a through g are some mutations that were found in the 5′ UTR of the trp operon of E. coli. What will the most likely effect of each of these mutations be on the transcription of the trp structural genes? a. A mutation that prevents the binding of the ribosome to the 5′ end of the mRNA 5′ UTR b. A mutation that changes the Trp codons in region 1 of the mRNA 5′ UTR into codons for alanine c. A mutation that creates a stop codon early in region 1 of the mRNA 5′ UTR d. Deletions in region 2 of the mRNA 5′ UTR e. Deletions in region 3 of the mRNA 5′ UTR f. Deletions in region 4 of the mRNA 5′ UTR g. Deletion of the string of adenine nucleotides that follows region 4 in the 5′ UTRarrow_forward. a. How many ribosomes are required (at a minimum)for the translation of trpE and trpC from a singletranscript of the trp operon?b. How would you expect deletion of the two tryptophan codons in the RNA leader to affect theexpression of the trpE and trpC genes?arrow_forwardThe lac operon consists of three structural genes, lacZ, lacY and lacA that are transcribed as a single polycistronic mRNA. The new lac strain of Escherichia coli are as shown below: P+O+Z+Y+A+// P+O+Z+Y+A¯ (i) Illustrate how lactose induces the gene expression in lac 1 $// I-. (ii) Explain the function of the lacP and laco in the bacterial operon.arrow_forward
- Bacterial DNA containing an operon encoding three enzymes is introduced into chromosomal DNA in yeast (a eukaryote) in such a way that it is properly flanked by a promoter and a transcriptional terminator. The bacterial DNA is transcribed and the RNA correctly processed, but only the protein nearest the promoter is produced. Can you suggest why?arrow_forwardFor the trp operon, determine whether genes will be expressed (on) or silenced (off) given the following: a. Tryptophan levels are high. b. The trp repressor can no longer bind tryptophan.arrow_forwardIn the bacterium,Martian coli, it was discovered that the lac operon is positively regulated. Lactose, when present, binds to the regulatory protein A. The protein A-lactose complex then binds to the operator domain 0 and induces synthesis of lacZ+ and lacY+ MRNAS. a) What would be the most common phenotype of o- mutants in terms of lactose utilization? Explain your answer. b) What would be the most common phenotype of A- mutants? Explain your answer.arrow_forward
- The streptolysin S toxin made by S. pyogenes is encoded by a 9-gene operon, sagABCDEFGHI. Thinking about what a 3-line diagram would look like for this operon, answer the following questions. Write numeric answers only. For example, if your answer is 6 promoters, write only 6. 1) How many promoters control the expression of these genes? 2) How many locations does RNA Polymerase bind to get full expression of these genes? 3) How many ribosome binding sites are needed for full protein expression? 4) How many start codons will be needed for full protein expression? 5) How many mRNA strands will be produced with full operon expression? 6) How many proteins will be produced with full protein expression? 1arrow_forwardThe lac operon of E. coli controls the expression of genes that code for enzymes involved in lactose metabolism. Mutations to various regions of the lac operon have been discovered which affect both the control of gene expression and the function of the gene products. These mutations include: I - = produces a repressor protein that cannot bind to the operator region IS = produces a repressor protein that cannot be removed from the operator region OC = cannot bind a repressor protein Z - = produces a defective (non-functioning) β-galactosidase enzyme + = wild type Detail the functionality of the lac operon under the following genetic and cellular conditions. You do not need to consider the role of CAP in your analysis. Genes Repressed (yes/no) Constitutive (yes/no) I+ OC Z+ I+ O+ Z+ (Lactose present) I- O+ Z+arrow_forwardThe lac operon of E. coli controls the expression of genes that code for enzymes involved in lactose metabolism. Mutations to various regions of the lac operon have been discovered which affect both the control of gene expression and the function of the gene products. These mutations include: I - = produces a repressor protein that cannot bind to the operator region IS = produces a repressor protein that cannot be removed from the operator region OC = cannot bind a repressor protein Z - = produces a defective (non-functioning) β-galactosidase enzyme + = wild type Detail the functionality of the lac operon under the following genetic and cellular conditions. You do not need to consider the role of CAP in your analysis. Genes Repressed (yes/no) Constitutive (yes/no) IS O+ Z+ IS OC Z+arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)BiologyISBN:9780134580999Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. HoehnPublisher:PEARSON
Biology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStax
Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781259398629Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa StouterPublisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)BiologyISBN:9780815344322Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter WalterPublisher:W. W. Norton & Company
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781260159363Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, CynthiaPublisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)BiologyISBN:9781260231700Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael WindelspechtPublisher:McGraw Hill Education
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:PEARSON
Biology 2e
Biology
ISBN:9781947172517
Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher:OpenStax
Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781259398629
Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa Stouter
Publisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780815344322
Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter Walter
Publisher:W. W. Norton & Company
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781260159363
Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, Cynthia
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9781260231700
Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael Windelspecht
Publisher:McGraw Hill Education
QCE Biology: Introduction to Gene Expression; Author: Atomi;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a7hydUtCIJk;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY