Microbiology: An Evolving Science (Fourth Edition)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780393615098
Author: John W. Foster, Joan L. Slonczewski
Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company
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Chapter 15.4, Problem 1TQ
Summary Introduction
To review:
The regulation of chain length of the fatty acids that are required for the formation of cell membrane.
Introduction:
Fatty acid synthesis is the formation of fatty acids by the activity of enzymes called fatty acid synthase from acetyl CoA (Coenzyme A) and NADPH (Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate hydrogen). This process takes place inside the cytoplasm of the cell. Synthesis of a molecule, dependent on repetitive units, involves a cyclic process that continuously feeds back the component and substrates for further synthesis. The upside of the cyclic process is that a limited number of enzymes can be used to make large
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Microbiology: An Evolving Science (Fourth Edition)
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- What is the metabolic basis for the observation that many adults cannot ingest large quantities of milk without developing gastric difficulties? What is the benefit of fiber in the diet? Why is it advantageous that polysaccharides can have branched chains? No animal can digest cellulose. Reconcile this statement with the fact that many animals are herbivores that depend heavily on cellulose as a food source.arrow_forwardIn which of the following pairs of fatty acids does the first listed acid have a higher solubility in water than the second listed acid? A. 18:0 acid and 18:3 acid B. 14:3 acid and 20:0 acid C. 12:0 acid and 22:0 acid D. 16:2 acid and 16:0 acidarrow_forwardWhich of the following amino acids is most likely to be found on the outside of a soluble protein? Which is more likely to be found on the inside? Explain each answer. (Hint: Consider the effect of the amino acid side chain in each case and that the protein is folded up into its globularform.)(a) Leucine (b) Glutamate(c) Phenylalanine (d) Glutaminearrow_forward
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- Why do most fatty acids have an even number of carbon atoms ?arrow_forwardProteoglycans are characterized by the abundance of negative charges on their sugar chains. How would the properties of these molecules differ if the negative charges were not as abundant?arrow_forwardA common structural feature of membrane lipids is their amphipathic nature. For example, in phosphatidylcholine, the two fatty acid chains are hydrophobic and the phosphocholine head group is hydrophilic. For each of the following membrane lipids, name the components that serve as the hydrophobic and hydrophilic units: (a) phosphatidylethanolamine; (b) sphingomyelin; (c) galactosylcerebroside; (d) ganglioside; (e) cholesterol.arrow_forward
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