Microbiology: An Evolving Science (Fourth Edition)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780393615098
Author: John W. Foster, Joan L. Slonczewski
Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company
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Chapter 15.2, Problem 2TQ
Summary Introduction
To review:
The reason behind the presence of two phosphoryl groups in ribulose 1, 5- bisphosphate.
Introduction:
Carbon fixation is the cycle of inorganic carbon dioxide being transformed by living organisms to organic compounds. Fixing carbon takes enormous energy. Most biomass on Earth is carbon which is fixed by bacteria and chloroplast through various processes. The Calvin cycle fixes carbon in plants and algae chloroplasts and cyanobacteria.
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Chapter 15 Solutions
Microbiology: An Evolving Science (Fourth Edition)
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- The reversible reaction shown here is part of the Calvin cycle, a pathway in photosynthetic organisms. Which glycolytic reaction does this reaction resemble and what type of enzyme catalyzes it?arrow_forwardThe reaction pictured is an oxidation-reduction reaction in the citric acid cycle in which the energy-carrier molecule NADH is generated. Identify which molecule in the reaction will be oxidized and which molecule will be reduced. Place a single answer choice in each box. COO- HO-C-H H-C-H COO- Malate NAD+ NADH + H+ Oxidized malate oxaloacetate COO- H-C-H ī COO- Oxaloacetate Reduced NADH NAD+arrow_forwardThere are eight chemical reactions that occur in the citric acid cycle process. The reactions of the citric acid cycle are shown in the figure below. acetyl-coenzyme A 0 CH₂-C-CoA HO-CH Reaction 7 O malate CH₂ CH || CH fumarate FADH₂ Reaction 6 FAD H+ + NADH NAD+ 1,0 H₂C CH₂ CH₂ Reaction 8 succinate ADP 0=C GTP CH₂ oxaloacetate Reaction 5 H-COA GDP ATP H₂O Reaction 1 C Reactions of the Citric Acid Cycle CH₂ CH₂ H-COA 0=C 1 CoA succinyl-CoA H+ HO-C Reaction CO₂ с CH₂ NADH CH₂ citrate Reaction 2 H-COA Reaction 3 CO₂ I CH₂ T CH₂ 0=C NAD+ HO–CH a-ketoglutarate CH, CH isocitrate NAD+ H+ + NADH In chapters 9 and 10, you were introduced to several classes of organic reactions. These classes include esterification, decarboxylation, hydration reactions, dehydration of alcohols, oxidation of alcohols, oxidation of aldehydes, reduction of aldehydes, and reduction of ketones. Find at least one of these reaction classes in the citric acid cycle. List the reaction number and the reaction. Write a…arrow_forward
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- Some cofactors that participate in the reactions of the citric acid cycle are indicated by letters. Identify the position of positions of NADH in the cycle by selecting the appropriate letter or letters designating its position(s) in the cycle diagram. COA CH, HO--Co, CH čo, 8 CO но-сн CH HC -Co, CO HO-CH LA Citric acid cycle H,0 co, -B COA | 4 Co, čo D.arrow_forwardGalactose can enter the glycolytic cycle but it must first react with ATP to form galactose-1-phosphate. Propose a mechanism for this reaction. OOOPO− −OOPO−O O−OPO−O OPO− OH AdO+ OOPO−arrow_forwardName the molecules that conserve most of the energy from the redox reactions of the citric acid cycle (see Figure 9.12). How is this energy converted to a form that can be used to make ATP?arrow_forward
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