Concept explainers
To describe:
How the information is encoded in DNA and RNA and how information flows from DNA to RNA and to proteins.
Introduction:
DNA is the hereditary molecule of all the living and non-living cell. It is made of the polynucleotide chain carrying the genetic information or “gene”. The nucleotides are made up of a ribose sugar attached to a nucleic acid base. The
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Biology
- Explain how information flows from DNA to protein.arrow_forwardDescribe the genetic code, and explain how DNA codes for specific amino acid sequences?arrow_forwardWhich is NOT a true difference between messenger RNA and DNA? (i.e., which of the following statements is false?) DNA remains in the nucleus (except when the nuclear envelope breaks down during mitosis), whereas mRNA is never in the nucleus; it is always in the cytoplasm. A DNA molecule has a longer life span than a typical molecule of RNA. DNA has thousands of genes; mRNA is usually a copy of just one gene. DNA has thousands of genes; mRNA is usually a copy of just one gene.arrow_forward
- Define the following terms: genetic code, codon, and anticodon. What is the relationship among the bases in DNA, the codons of mRNA, and the anticodons of tRNA?arrow_forwardDescribe the process of translation of DNA to RNA.arrow_forwarddescribe how ribosomes, mRNA, and tRNA cooperate to produce a protein?arrow_forward
- Differentiate between RNA and DNA Molecules?arrow_forwardwhich statement about genetic code is not true? A) mRNA is read 3 bases at a time, which are called codons. B) There is one initiator codon that codes for an amino acid. C) Each amino acid is coded for by only one codon. D) There are 3 termination codons that do not code for amino acids. E) Each codon is specific for only one amino acid. An anion has an equilibrium potential of -40 mV. What direction are the chemical and electrical forces acting on the anion at the resting membrane potential (-70 mV)? A) Both the chemical and electrical forces are directed out of the cell. B) The chemical force is directed out of the cell and the electrical force is directed into the cell. C) The chemical force is directed into the cell and the electrical force is directed out of the cell. D) There is insufficient information to answer this question. E) Both the chemical and electrical forces are directed into the cell.arrow_forwardDescribe the genetic code and how the nucleotide sequence determines the amino acid and the protein sequencearrow_forward
- Describe the process of Translation of MRNA to DNA.arrow_forwardBriefly describe the function of the following in protein synthesis: a) rRNA, b) tRNA c) mRNAarrow_forwardWhat are the protein/enzyme requirements during initiation, elongation, termination of DNA replication, transcription, and translation?arrow_forward
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