Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134813448
Author: Audesirk, Teresa, Gerald, Byers, Bruce E.
Publisher: Pearson,
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Chapter 13, Problem 3FIB
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The genetic code can be defined as the set of instruction that carries out the translation of genetic information stored in
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Amino acids are translated from mRNA codons
and each codon is made up of three
nucleotide bases.
How might an extra single base INSERTION
into the second codon of a coding
sequence of a gene affect the amino acid
sequence of the protein encoded by the
gene?
(Hint: You may want to write out a made-up
example of an insertion like the one described
above)
The entire amino acid sequence would shift and
be changed.
O A single amino acid would change only.
O The mutation may have no effect on the amino
acid sequence.
O A single extra amino acid would be present in the
protein.
O All of the above are possible outcomes.
Why is DNA and not any other macromolecule represents the genetic code?
Briefly describe (two or three sentences) the role of tRNA in building a protein from mRNA.
Chapter 13 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 13.1 - describe three types of RNA that play roles in...Ch. 13.1 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 13.1 - Prob. 3CYLCh. 13.2 - Prob. 1TCCh. 13.2 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 13.2 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 13.2 - describe an example of post-transcription...Ch. 13.3 - Prob. 1TCCh. 13.3 - Prob. 1CSCCh. 13.3 - Prob. 1CYL
Ch. 13.3 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 13.3 - Prob. 3CYLCh. 13.3 - Prob. 4CYLCh. 13.4 - Prob. 1CSCCh. 13.4 - describe three different types of mutations?Ch. 13.4 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 13.5 - Prob. 1HYEWCh. 13.5 - Envision yourself as a physician. A mother,...Ch. 13.5 - Prob. 2TCCh. 13.5 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 13.5 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 13.5 - Prob. 3CYLCh. 13.5 - Prob. 4CYLCh. 13.5 - Prob. 1CTCh. 13 - Prob. 1MCCh. 13 - Which of the following is not true of RNA? a. It...Ch. 13 - Prob. 3MCCh. 13 - Prob. 4MCCh. 13 - Prob. 5MCCh. 13 - Synthesis of RNA from the instructions in DNA is...Ch. 13 - Prob. 2FIBCh. 13 - Prob. 3FIBCh. 13 - Prob. 4FIBCh. 13 - Prob. 5FIBCh. 13 - If a nucleotide is replaced by a different...Ch. 13 - Prob. 1RQCh. 13 - Name the three types of RNA that are essential to...Ch. 13 - Prob. 3RQCh. 13 - Prob. 4RQCh. 13 - Prob. 5RQCh. 13 - Prob. 6RQCh. 13 - Prob. 7RQCh. 13 - Define mutation. Describe four different effects...Ch. 13 - Prob. 1ACCh. 13 - Prob. 2AC
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- The genetic code is defined as a series of _______________ in _______________. (a) anticodons; tRNA (b) codons; DNA (c) anticodons; mRNA (d) codons; mRNA (e) codons and anticodons; rRNAarrow_forwardIf the genetic code uses triplets, how many different amino acids can be coded by a repeating RNA polymer composed of UA and UC (UAUCUAUCUAUC ...)? a. one b. two c. three d. four e. fivearrow_forwardWhat term is used to describe the sequence on the tRNA that is complementary to mRNA? Complementary sequence Codon Anti-codon Anti-anticodonarrow_forward
- The portion in the tRNA that is complementary with the mRNA when the aminoacyl-tRNA reaches the A site of the ribosome is the ____________. (No points for incorrect spelling)arrow_forwardthe sequences od tRNA and corresponding mRNA is complementary to each other. is the statement true or false?arrow_forwardHere is our DNA sequence: T-A-C-A-T-G-T-T-T-A-G-G-T-C-C-A-C-C-C-G-T-G-G-G-A-C-T Write the RNA sequence below as codons (separated by hyphens). What is your amino acid sequence? The codon table with amino acid sequence is section 6.7 of your textbook. (Separate the amino acids by hyphens.) Again, be sure to note the start and stop codons. What is the name of the process of creating an amino acid sequence from RNA? What would happen if, in the middle of your gene sequence, the DNA was transcribed into the letters UAA on the mRNA strand? What effect might this have on the gene/trait? Using the DNA strand (in the box below), provide the complement which would be made through DNA replication. T-A-C-A-T-G-T-T-T-A-G-G-T-C-C-A-C-C-C-G-T-G-G-G-A-C-T Where does each of the following processes occur within the cell? Transcription: Translation: DNA Replication:arrow_forward
- Given the sequence of one DNA strand (5'-3' or 3' to 5'), a mRNA, or a set of tRNAs, know how to deduce the other sequences from them. Also, given a codon table, know how to determine the specified amino acid or stop codon from mRNA and/or tRNA sequences.arrow_forwardSuppose you are provided with a sequence of nucleotides. How would you determine if the sequence is of mRNA, tRNA, or DNA molecules?arrow_forwardFor the following DNA sequence TAC-CCC-AAA-TTT-ATC Write: the mRNA codons the tRNA anticodons the protein formedarrow_forward
- DNA gene TAC AGC TTT mRNA codon (No thymine in RNA!) tRNA anticodon (No thymine in RNA!) Amino acid Use the mRNA with the Genetic Code. Use the mRNA with the Genetic Code. Answer the questions below. Questions How many nucleotides would be needed to code for a protein that has 100 amino acids? Using the Genetic Code in Table 6.3, write all of the possible codons that signal the start and end of a gene. Start: End: An amino acid sequence of a protein molecule includes methionine, lysine, serine and glycine. Show each different codon that could result in each of these amino acids. You will have more than one codon for all of them except methionine. Amino Acids All Possible Codons Methionine Lysine Serine (Look carefully. There are six possibilities) Glycine Question 3 illustrates the redundant nature of the genetic code. Can you think of an advantage of having several codons that all code for the…arrow_forwardIn the genetic code ______ codons code for amino acids, while _____ are stop codons and do not code for an amino acid.arrow_forwardThe peptide hormone oxytocin induces labor by stimulating the concentration of uterine smooth muscle. Its amino acid sequence is as follows: Cys-Tyr-Ile-Gln-Asn-Cys-Pro-Leu-Gly.Write a messenger RNA sequence for that sequence. Write the sequence of the two strands of DNA nucleotides that carry the information. for that protein.arrow_forward
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