Genetics: Analysis and Principles
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259616020
Author: Robert J. Brooker Professor Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 12, Problem 17CONQ
Summary Introduction
To review:
The differences and similarities between the RNA (ribonucleic acid) polymerase enzyme and the DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) polymerase enzyme.
Introduction:
RNA polymerase enzyme helps during RNA synthesis. It catalyzes the reaction for initiation and elongation. It consists of five subunits that help in the process of transcription. DNA polymerase is a type of enzyme that takes part in the replication process. This enzyme unwinds the DNA strands, which helps in
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Describe several aspects about RNA polymerases that are unique compared to DNA polymerases.
Which of the following statements most accurately describes the action of the enzyme RNA polymerase?Select one
1.) RNA polymerase will transcribe only the exons by skipping over the introns within a eukaryotic gene sequence
2.) RNA polymerase will transcribe both DNA strands, moving in the 3' to 5' direction for one strand and 5' to 3' on the other
3.) RNA polymerase will transcribe both DNA strands, but only one RNA molecule will be used during translation
4.)None of the statements accurately describe the function of RNA polymerase
Discuss the similarities and differences between RNA polymerase and DNA polymerase
Chapter 12 Solutions
Genetics: Analysis and Principles
Ch. 12.1 - 1. Which of the following base sequences is used...Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 2COMQCh. 12.2 - With regard to a promoter, a transcriptional start...Ch. 12.2 - Prob. 2COMQCh. 12.2 - 3. Sigma factor is needed during which stage(s) of...Ch. 12.2 - A uracil-rich sequence occurs at the end of the...Ch. 12.3 - Which RNA polymerase in eukaryotes is responsible...Ch. 12.3 - Prob. 2COMQCh. 12.3 - Prob. 3COMQCh. 12.3 - Prob. 4COMQ
Ch. 12.4 - Which of the following are examples of RNA...Ch. 12.4 - A ribozyme is a. a complex between RNA and a...Ch. 12.4 - Prob. 3COMQCh. 12.4 - Prob. 4COMQCh. 12.5 - 1. Which of the following is not a key difference...Ch. 12 - Prob. 1CONQCh. 12 - Prob. 2CONQCh. 12 - Prob. 3CONQCh. 12 - Prob. 4CONQCh. 12 - 5. Mutations in bacterial promoters may increase...Ch. 12 - Prob. 6CONQCh. 12 - 7. In Chapter 9, we considered the dimensions of...Ch. 12 - 8. A mutation within a gene sequence changes the...Ch. 12 - Prob. 9CONQCh. 12 - At the molecular level, describe how factor...Ch. 12 - Prob. 11CONQCh. 12 - What is the complementarity rule that governs the...Ch. 12 - 13. Describe the movement of the open complex...Ch. 12 - 14. Describe what happens to the chemical bonding...Ch. 12 - Prob. 15CONQCh. 12 - Prob. 16CONQCh. 12 - Prob. 17CONQCh. 12 - Mutations that occur at the end of a gene may...Ch. 12 - If the following RNA polymerases were missing from...Ch. 12 - 20. What sequence elements are found within the...Ch. 12 - 21. For each of the following transcription...Ch. 12 - 22. Describe the allosteric and torpedo models for...Ch. 12 - Which eukaryotic transcription factor(s) shown in...Ch. 12 - 24. The initiation phase of eukaryotic...Ch. 12 - A eukaryotic protein-encoding gene contains two...Ch. 12 - 26. Describe the processing events that occur...Ch. 12 - Prob. 27CONQCh. 12 - Prob. 28CONQCh. 12 - Prob. 29CONQCh. 12 - Prob. 30CONQCh. 12 - 31. In eukaryotes, what types of modifications...Ch. 12 - Prob. 32CONQCh. 12 - Prob. 33CONQCh. 12 - 34. Figure 12.21 shows the products of alternative...Ch. 12 - 35. The processing of ribosomal RNA in eukaryotes...Ch. 12 - Prob. 36CONQCh. 12 - Prob. 37CONQCh. 12 - After the intron (which is in a lariat...Ch. 12 - Prob. 1EQCh. 12 - 2. Chapter 21 describes a technique known as...Ch. 12 - Prob. 3EQCh. 12 - As described in Chapter 21 and in experimental...Ch. 12 - Prob. 5EQCh. 12 - Prob. 6EQCh. 12 - 1. Based on your knowledge of introns and pre-mRNA...Ch. 12 - Discuss the types of RNA transcripts and the...
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- 2) Create an MRNA strand based on the given DNA template strand: TACTTCCTATTITCTTGTCA CCGCACT 3) Using the mRNA codon chart, determine the amino acid sequence for the MRNA sequence determined in question 3. 4) Consider the following double-stranded DNA molecule: Complementary Strand: ATGTGTAGTGCGAGTTGA Template Strand: TACACATCACGCTCAACT a) What would be the amino acid sequence coded for by the template strand of the DNA molecule above?arrow_forwardList the DNA polymerases in prokaryotes and eukaryotes .arrow_forwardList the functions of the three types of RNA polymerases in eukaryotes.arrow_forward
- a) Explain how the molecular mechanism of DNA polymerase enhances DNA replication. b) Discuss the characteristic of DNA polymerase 1, Nick translation Proofreadingarrow_forwardRNA polymerase from E. coli (core enzyme alone) has all of the following properties except: a)requires all four ribonucleoside triphosphates and a DNA template. b)can extend an RNA chain and initiate a new chain. c)recognizes specific start signals in DNA. d)produces an RNA polymer that begins with a 5'-triphosphate. e)is required for the synthesis of mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA in E. coli.arrow_forwardSome antibiotic drugs fight infection by interfering with DNA replication, transcription, or translation in bacteria. Indicate whether each of the following antibiotic drug effects is on replication, transcription, or translation. HINT Each answer (replication, transcription, and translation) is used only once for the following: a. Rifampin binds to bacterial RNA polymerase. b. Streptomycin binds bacterial ribosomes, disabling them. c. Quinolone blocks an enzyme that prevents bacterial DNA from unwinding.arrow_forward
- Which of the following are shared between RNA polymerase and RNA-dependent RNA polymerases? (select all the answers that apply) a) Uses nucleoside triphosphates to build a polymer. b) results in an RNA molecule. c) Uses a DNA template d) Uses an RNA template e) uses a single-stranded templatearrow_forwardFrom standpoint of replication and transcription, explain how RNA polymerase is allowed to incorporate the first nucleotide whereas DNA polymerase needs a primer. Explain how this difference impacts the process of replication and transcription.arrow_forwardReview the names and functions of the following enzymes: Catechol oxidase DNA polymerase RNA polymerase ATP synthase Primase RuBisCO Ligase Helicasearrow_forward
- There are 3 RNA polymerases in eukaryotes. Write a sentence about the function of each. Which is responsible for most protein-coding proteins?arrow_forwardRibosomal RNA in eukaryotic cells is synthesized by which of the following enzymes (exhibiting no sensitivity to either high concentrations or low concentrations of the fungal poison a-amanitin)? RNA polymerase I RNA polymerase II RNA polymerase III DNA polymerase II DNA polymerase Iarrow_forwardExplain the molecular mechanism of DNA polymerization by DNA polymerase and explain why DNA polymerase 3 and not dna polymerase 1 is responsible for replicating the bacterial genome.arrow_forward
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