Microbiology: An Evolving Science (Fourth Edition)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780393615098
Author: John W. Foster, Joan L. Slonczewski
Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company
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Question
Chapter 11, Problem 6RQ
Summary Introduction
To review:
The role of protease in the replication of HIV and the significance of protease for AIDS therapy.
Introduction:
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is the type of retrovirus that is responsible for causing acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) by replicating itself into the host cell. The cells of the immune system such as helper thymic lymphocyte cells are targets for HIV. The replication in HIV occurs when the virus enters the host cell and converts its RNA into DNA by the reverse transcriptase enzyme.
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Ritonavir inhibits the action of HIV protease. What kind of inhibition is imposed on HIV protease by ritonavir?
Are the HIV-1 protease inhibitors transition state analogs? Why or why not?
Why is HIV protease a good target for anti-HIV therapy and drug discovery?
Chapter 11 Solutions
Microbiology: An Evolving Science (Fourth Edition)
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Similar questions
- How does the enzyme reverse transcriptase violate the central dogma of molecular biology in HIV.arrow_forwardWhat is adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene ? How it works ?arrow_forwardWhich of the following statement is false regarding the SARS-CoV-2 protease Mpro? a) Mpro catalyze the translation of viral RNA into polyproteins b) Mpro is an ideal drug target because its structure is largely conserved across the SARS-CoV family c) N3 is an irreversible inhibitor that block the substrate binding site of Mpro d) Mpro forms a dimeric structure and each protomer is composed of three domainsarrow_forward
- What does penicillin binding protein do?arrow_forwardWhich antiretroviral drug class does Zidovudine (AZT) belong to? a) Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) b) Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) c) Protease inhibitors d) Integrase inhibitorsarrow_forwardAnswer the following 1.Are viruses living or non-living organisms? 2. What is the difference between HIV and AIDS? 3. HIV is classified as a retrovirus. What are retroviruses? 4. In your own words, provide a short summary of the HIV replication cycle. 5. Why is reverse transcriptase an important enzyme in the replication cycle of HIV? 6. In the chapter about enzymes, we have discussed how drugs are basically inhibitors. There are currently a multitude of Antiretroviral therapy (ART or ARV) options available to people living with HIV (PLHIV) so that the viral replication is suppressed and does not progress to AIDS. What do you think these drugs target? Discuss briefly. 7. SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes CoVid-19, belongs to the Coronaviridae family. Viruses under this family have a genome made of single-stranded positive-sense RNA. Is this similar to the viral genome of HIV? If so, do you think that – in theory – they would have similar replication cycles? 8. In your own opinion, do…arrow_forward
- Why is gap repair synthesis needed during HIV DNA integration?arrow_forward1. a)how is it possible for such drugs to selectively kill bacterial cells and not our own cells? b)Provide an example of post-translational regulation of protein activity and explain the advantage of regulating each protein/process at the post-translational level instead of the transcriptional level.arrow_forwardWhy have HIV protease inhibitors such as retinovir have been formulated into soft gelatin capsules?arrow_forward
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