Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:The term lipophilic should be defined.
Concept introduction: The solubility phenomenon is determined by the nature of the solute-solvent and the interaction.
The principle of “like dissolves like” is applicable that suggests that ionic or polar solutes are soluble in a polar solvent such as water, while the non-polar substances that have bulky alkyl chains attached to them cannot dissolve in water. This is because the ionic or polar solutes have charged ends that can interact by the electrostatic force of attraction by the charged ends of similar polar molecules. However, the absence of any charged ends in covalent or non-polar solutes does not allow any interionic interaction and hence they remain insoluble in water. On the other hand,the substance can readily dissolve in non-polar solvents such as hexane because of the similar nature of solute-solvent interaction.
(b)
Interpretation: The term hydrophobic should be defined.
Concept introduction: The solubility phenomenon is determined by the nature of the solute-solvent and the interaction.
The principle of “like dissolves like” is applicable that suggests that ionic or polar solutes are soluble in a polar solvent such as water, while the non-polar substances that have bulky alkyl chains attached to them cannot dissolve in water. This is because the ionic or polar solutes have charged ends that can interact by the electrostatic force of attraction by the charged ends of similar polar molecules. However, the absence of any charged ends in covalent or non-polar solutes does not allow any interionic interaction and hence they remain insoluble in water. On the other hand, non-polar substance can readily dissolve in non-polar solvents such as hexane because of the similar nature of solute-solvent interaction.
(c)
Interpretation: The term hydrophilic should be defined.
Concept introduction: The solubility phenomenon is determined by the nature of the solute-solvent and the interaction.
The principle of “like dissolves like” is applicable that suggests that ionic or polar solutes are soluble in a polar solvent such as water, while the non-polar substances that have bulky alkyl chains attached to them cannot dissolve in water. This is because the ionic or polar solutes have charged ends that can interact by the electrostatic force of attraction by the charged ends of similar polar molecules. However, the absence of any charged ends in covalent or non-polar solutes does not allow any interionic interaction and hence they remain insoluble in water. On the other hand theses, the substance can readily dissolve in non-polar solvents such as hexane because of the similar nature of solute-solvent interaction.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 10 Solutions
EBK EXPERIMENTAL ORGANIC CHEMISTRY: A M
- What is the basis for deciding if a substance is a lipid?arrow_forwardFats belong to the class of organic compounds represented by the general formula, RCOOR', where R and R' represent hydrocarbon groups. What is the name of the functional group present in fats? What functional group is common to all saponifiable lipids?arrow_forwardIdentify the reaction type. a. oxidation b. amide synthesis c. reduction (hydrogenation) d. dehydration e. hydration f. esterification g. hydrolysisarrow_forward
- there may be several correct answers 2. Ftivazide in chemical structure is: A. Ester B. Urethan C. Hydrazone D. Lacton E. Azo dyearrow_forwardDefine the following terms: a. partial hydrogenation b. saponification c. emulsifying agent d. wax ester e. waxarrow_forwardIdentify the reaction type. a. amide synthesis b. esterification c. dehydration d. hydration e. reduction (hydrogenation) f. oxidation g. hydrolysisarrow_forward
- Identify the reaction type. a. amide synthesis b. hydration c. reduction (hydrogenation) d. dehydration e. hydrolysis f. esterification g. oxidationarrow_forwardClassify the following lipid (choose all that apply).CHOOSE ALL THAT APPLY a. triglyceride b. polyunsaturated c. fatty acid d. trans alkene(s) e. cis alkene(s) f. monounsaturated g. wax ester h. steroid i. saturatedarrow_forwardAn unsaturated lipid a. is more soluble in polar solvents than a saturated lipid b. has a lower melting point than a saturated lipid. c. spoils less easily than a saturated lipid. d. is more difficult to digest than a saturated lipid.arrow_forward
- Identify the reaction type. a. hydrolysis (in acid) b. hydration c. dehydration d. acid base e. esterification f. amide synthesis g. hydrolysis (in base)arrow_forward10. Derivatives of pyrimidine-2,4-dione are derivatives? A. Uracil B. Uretane C. Barbituric acid D. Malonic acid.arrow_forward25. Between A and B which is more water soluble ?arrow_forward
- World of Chemistry, 3rd editionChemistryISBN:9781133109655Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan L. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Brooks / Cole / Cengage LearningWorld of ChemistryChemistryISBN:9780618562763Author:Steven S. ZumdahlPublisher:Houghton Mifflin College DivChemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Bioche...ChemistryISBN:9781305960060Author:Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. HansenPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Living By Chemistry: First Edition TextbookChemistryISBN:9781559539418Author:Angelica StacyPublisher:MAC HIGHERIntroductory Chemistry: A FoundationChemistryISBN:9781337399425Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: Matter and ChangeChemistryISBN:9780078746376Author:Dinah Zike, Laurel Dingrando, Nicholas Hainen, Cheryl WistromPublisher:Glencoe/McGraw-Hill School Pub Co