Genetics: Analysis and Principles
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259616020
Author: Robert J. Brooker Professor Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 10, Problem 3EQ
We seem to know more about the structure of eukaryotic chromosomal DNA than bacterial DNA. Discuss why you think this is so, and list several experimental procedures that have yielded important information concerning the compaction of eukaryotic chromatin.
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Chapter 10 Solutions
Genetics: Analysis and Principles
Ch. 10.1 - 1. A bacterial chromosome typically contains
a. a...Ch. 10.2 - Mechanisms that make the bacterial chromosome more...Ch. 10.2 - 2. Negative supercoiling may enhance activities...Ch. 10.2 - 3. DNA gyrase
a. promotes negative supercoiling....Ch. 10.3 - 1. The chromosomes of eukaryotes typically contain...Ch. 10.4 - Which of the following is an example of a...Ch. 10.5 - What are the components of a single nucleosome? a....Ch. 10.5 - 2. In Noll’s experiment to test the...Ch. 10.5 - Prob. 3COMQCh. 10.5 - Prob. 4COMQ
Ch. 10.6 - Prob. 1COMQCh. 10.6 - 2. The role of cohesin is to
a. make chromosomes...Ch. 10 - Prob. 1CONQCh. 10 - Prob. 2CONQCh. 10 - 3. Describe the mechanisms by which bacterial DNA...Ch. 10 - Why is DNA supercoiling called supercoiling rather...Ch. 10 - Prob. 5CONQCh. 10 - Prob. 6CONQCh. 10 - Prob. 7CONQCh. 10 - Prob. 8CONQCh. 10 - Prob. 9CONQCh. 10 - 10. What is the function of a centromere? At what...Ch. 10 - Prob. 11CONQCh. 10 - 12. Describe the structures of a nucleosome and a...Ch. 10 - Beginning with the G1 phase of the cell cycle,...Ch. 10 - Draw a picture depicting the binding between the...Ch. 10 - 15. Compare heterochromatin and euchromatin. What...Ch. 10 - 16. Compare the structure and cell localization of...Ch. 10 - 17. What types of genetic activities occur during...Ch. 10 - Lets assume the linker region of DNA averages 54bp...Ch. 10 - 19. In Figure 10.12, what are we looking at in...Ch. 10 - 20. What are the roles of the core histone...Ch. 10 - A typical eukaryotic chromosome found in humans...Ch. 10 - Which of the following terms should not be used to...Ch. 10 - Discuss the differences between the compaction...Ch. 10 - 24. What is an SMC complex? Describe two...Ch. 10 - Two circular DNA molecules, which we can call...Ch. 10 - 2. Let’s suppose you have isolated DNA from a cell...Ch. 10 - 3. We seem to know more about the structure of...Ch. 10 - In Nolls experiment of Figure 10.11, explain where...Ch. 10 - When chromatin is treated with a salt solution of...Ch. 10 - 6. Let’s suppose you have isolated chromatin from...Ch. 10 - If you were given a sample of chromosomal DNA and...Ch. 10 - Consider how histone proteins bind to DNA and then...Ch. 10 - In Chapter 23, the technique of fluorescence in...Ch. 10 - Bacterial and eukaryotic chromosomes are very...Ch. 10 - The prevalence of highly repetitive sequences...Ch. 10 - Discuss and make a list of the similarities and...
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- Forming nucleosomes and wrapping them into a 30-nm fiber provide part of the compaction of DNA in chromatin. If the fiber contains about six nucleosomes per 10 nm of length, what is the approximate compaction ratio achieved?arrow_forwardOne of the following is a characteristic of eukaryotic genetic material? 1. Eukaryotic genetic material is compacted by wrapping the double-helix around histone proteins to form nucleosomes. 2. Eukaryotic genetic material consists of supercoiled circular DNA molecules complexed with proteins into chromosomes. 3. Eukaryotic genetic material consists of relaxed linear DNA molecules complexed with RNA into a 30 nm fiber. 4. Eukaryotic genetic material is compacted by folding linker regions around non-histone proteins to form a scaffold.arrow_forwardDiscuss the levels of chromosomal organization with reference to the following terms: a. nucleotide b. DNA double helix c. histones d. nucleosomes e. chromatinarrow_forward
- Define the following terms: a. chromosome b. chromatinarrow_forwardWhen cells undergo apoptosis, their DNA becomes fragmented. When the DNA is run out on a gel, the resulting fragments differ in size by a standard amount, about 200 bp, so that the resulting separated DNA has a characteristic "ladder" appearance. Control Staurosporine treatedarrow_forwardYou are interested in studying a gene called pumper that is important for heart function. The pumper gene is only expressed (transcribed) in heart cells, and you think the reason for this may have to do with chromatin structure. To investigate this, you isolate chromatin from heart cells and skin cells, and perform a long digestion of both samples with DNAse I, a non-sequence specific enzyme that will cut the phosphodiester bonds linking adjacent nucleotides. You then remove all proteins and analyze the DNA by gel-electrophoresis. You are able to detect only the DNA fragments that contain the pumper gene. The bands at the top of lane 2 indicate very large DNA fragments that were not able to migrate very far in the gel. The numbers to the left indicate where in the gel DNA fragments of the indicated size would migrate. Based on this data, which of the following is likely to be TRUE regarding the pumper locus in heart cells? (select all that apply) hyper-acetylation of lysine on Histone…arrow_forward
- Describe the structure of DNA. The two strands of DNA are antiparallel. What does the term antiparallel mean? Describe how DNA is tightly packaged. Your description should include the terms histones, chromatin, nucleosomes and chromosomes.arrow_forwardHeterochromatin has a less compact structure, whereas euchromatin is more compact and composed of an array of nucleosomes condensed into a fiber true or false?arrow_forwardBacteria are prokaryotic cells, i.e., they do not have a membrane-delimited nucleus. Eukaryotes have cells with a delimited nucleus. Where in these types of cells can DNA be found?arrow_forward
- The picture below depicts electron micrographs of the major levels of chromatin structure. Match each of the listed conditions with the most likely levels of chromatin structure under that condition.arrow_forwardAs you should recall, DNA, when not being actively transcribed, has a double helical structure. This portion of the DNA has had the two strands separated in preparation of transcribing for a needed protein. The following is one of the two complimentary strands of DNA: 3' - AACCAGTGGTATGGTGCGATGATCGATTCGAGGCTAAAATACGGATTCGTACGTAGGCACT - 5' Q: Based on written convention, i.e. the 3'-5' orientation, is this the coding strand or the template strand? ______________________________ Q: Assuming this strand extends from base #1 to #61 (going left to right), interpret the correctly transcribed mRNA and translated polypeptide for bases 24 - 47: mRNA: ___-___-___-___-___-___-___-___-___-___-___-___-___-___-___-___-___-___-___-___-___-___-___-___- polypeptide chain: ________--________--________--________--________--________--________--________arrow_forwardBriefly discuss the pros and cons of having a nucleoid (as bacteria do) versus a double nuclear membrane surrounding the DNA (as in eukaryotes). List and explain three reasons why DNA replication is very accurate.arrow_forward
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