Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134605197
Author: Dee Unglaub Silverthorn
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 8.5, Problem 29CC
Summary Introduction
To explain: The reason behind occasionally referring axon terminals as “biological transducers.”
Introduction: Axons are the terminal part of the neurons that play a crucial role in the transmission of signals across the synapse through the neural network. The proper functioning of axons is very important in continuous signal transmission.
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Chapter 8 Solutions
Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach (8th Edition)
Ch. 8.1 - Organize the following terms describing functional...Ch. 8.2 - Where do neurohormone-secreting neurons terminate?Ch. 8.2 - What is the difference between a nerve and a...Ch. 8.2 - Draw a chain of three neurons that synapse on one...Ch. 8.2 - What is the primary function of each of the...Ch. 8.2 - Name the two glial cell types that form myelin....Ch. 8.3 - Given the values in Table 8.2, use the Nernst...Ch. 8.3 - Would a cell with a resting membrane potential of...Ch. 8.3 - Would the cell membrane depolarize or...Ch. 8.3 - Match each ions movement with the type of graded...
Ch. 8.3 - Prob. 11CCCh. 8.3 - What is the difference between conductance and...Ch. 8.3 - If you put ouabain, an inhibitor of the Na+-K+...Ch. 8.3 - The pyrethrin insecticides, derived from...Ch. 8.3 - When Na+ channel gates are resetting, is the...Ch. 8.3 - A stimulating electrode placed halfway down an...Ch. 8.3 - Place the following neurons in order of their...Ch. 8.4 - Prob. 18CCCh. 8.4 - Prob. 19CCCh. 8.4 - Prob. 20CCCh. 8.4 - Prob. 21CCCh. 8.4 - Prob. 22CCCh. 8.4 - Classify the H+-neurotransmitter exchange as...Ch. 8.4 - Prob. 24CCCh. 8.4 - Prob. 25CCCh. 8.4 - Is Na+-dependent neurotransmitter reuptake...Ch. 8.5 - In Figure 8.24e, assume the postsynaptic neuron...Ch. 8.5 - In the graphs of Figure 8.24a, b, why doesnt the...Ch. 8.5 - Prob. 29CCCh. 8.5 - Prob. 30CCCh. 8 - List the three functional classes of neurons, and...Ch. 8 - Somatic motor neurons control __________, and...Ch. 8 - Prob. 3RQCh. 8 - Prob. 4RQCh. 8 - Prob. 5RQCh. 8 - Prob. 6RQCh. 8 - Axonal transport refers to the (a) release of...Ch. 8 - Match the numbers of the appropriate...Ch. 8 - Arrange the following events in the proper...Ch. 8 - List the four major types of ion channels found in...Ch. 8 - Prob. 11RQCh. 8 - An action potential is (circle all correct...Ch. 8 - Choose from the following ions to fill in the...Ch. 8 - What is the myelin sheath?Ch. 8 - List two factors that enhance conduction speed.Ch. 8 - Prob. 16RQCh. 8 - Draw and label a graph of an action potential....Ch. 8 - Prob. 18RQCh. 8 - Prob. 19RQCh. 8 - Create a map showing the organization of the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 21RQCh. 8 - Prob. 22RQCh. 8 - Prob. 23RQCh. 8 - Prob. 24RQCh. 8 - The presence of myelin allows an axon to (choose...Ch. 8 - Define, compare, and contrast the following...Ch. 8 - Prob. 27RQCh. 8 - Prob. 28RQCh. 8 - Prob. 29RQCh. 8 - Prob. 30RQCh. 8 - An unmyelinated axon has a much greater...Ch. 8 - The GHK equation is sometimes abbreviated to...Ch. 8 - In each of the following scenarios, will an action...
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- What is known as axon terminal ?arrow_forwardWhen an impulse arrives at the synapse, the synaptic vesicles open and release neurotransmitters into the cleft within a thousandth of a second. Within another ten thousandth of a second, these molecules have diffused across the cleft and bound to receptor sites in the effector cell. In what two ways is transmission across a synapse terminated so that the neuron’s signal is concluded?arrow_forwardWhat is the role of Axon?arrow_forward
- What is secreted at axon terminals?arrow_forwardWhich types of patch clamp technique should be used if you want to determine if a particular compound is influencing synaptic transmission presynaptically or post synaptically?arrow_forwardWhat is the minimum amount of time that a neuron requires to receive and send a signal? In seconds.arrow_forward
- Fluorescent FM dyes partition reversibly into biological membranes without penetrating through them. Suppose that you have neurons cultured in a dish, and you incubate them with an FM dye for a period of time before washing the cells with excess medium to remove the dye. a) You find that if you stimulate the neurons to trigger action potentials during incubation with the dye, the synaptic regions of the neurons remain fluorescent after the wash. Propose an explanation for this effect. b) After you have generated fluorescent synaptic regions by this procedure, suppose that you trigger further action potentials while continuing to wash with excess medium. Would you expect the synaptic regions to lose fluorescence? Explain.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is the role of axonal Calcium (Ca2+) channels in neuronal communication at the synapse? a) they inhibit the action potential causing it to stop b) Calcium channels have no role in this process c) by allowing calcium to exit the cell, they promote the propagation of action potential across the synapse by creating depolarization d) by blocking calcium entrance, they mediate the contraction of presynaptic axon to facilitate movement e) when they open, calcium enters the presynaptic terminal, promoting fusion of neurotransmitter vesicles with presynaptic membrane, and release of neurotransmitters to the synaptic cleftarrow_forwardWhen proteins are needed in the presynaptic terminal, they must be made in the neurosoma, which is sometimes far away and transported down the axon to the terminal. Why do you think they cannot simply be made locally, in the terminal itself?arrow_forward
- Fluorescent FM dyes partition reversibly into biological membranes without penetrating through them. Suppose that you have neurons cultured in a dish. You incubate the neurons with an FM dye, and then you wash them with medium to remove the dye. You find that if the neurons are stimulated to trigger action potentials during incubation with the dye, the synaptic regions of the neurons remain fluorescent after the wash. Can you explain why this effect may have occurred? Also, after generating fluorescent synaptic regions by this procedure, suppose that you trigger additional action potentials while continuing to wash with medium. Would you expect the synaptic regions to lose fluorescence?arrow_forwardIn the figure below, assume each vesicle represents many vesicles. From which of the three axon 2. terminals will the greatest amount of transmitter be released? Why? Action potential Action potential Action potential Ca2 Ca* Ca?+ Ca2* Caz+ Ca Ca?+ Ca2+ Ca2+ Ca2+arrow_forwardWhat is the term used to describe the rounded lump located at the end of the axon? synapses receptor sites terminal button O synaptic vesiclesarrow_forward
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