Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134605197
Author: Dee Unglaub Silverthorn
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 8.2, Problem 4CC
Draw a chain of three neurons that synapse on one another in sequence. Label the presynaptic and postsynaptic ends of each neuron, the cell bodies, dendrites, axons, and axon terminals.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Draw a chain of two neurons that synapse on one another in sequence. Label the
presynaptic and postsynaptic ends of each neuron, the cell bodies, dendrites,
axons, axon hillock and axon terminals, location of voltage gated Ca²+ channels,
location of voltage gated Na+ channels, location of voltage gated K* channels,
location of Na*/ K+ pumps, location of neurotransmitter storage, location of
neurotransmitter receptors. Consider your drawing and describe the function of
neurons. Include an explanation why neurons are considered polarized cells and
how this relates to their function. (Polarized here is not referring to membrane
potential as all cells have a membrane potential). This means you will need to
explain the location of different channels in the neuron and the relationship of the
channels to the function of a neuron.
Arrange the events that occur during synaptic transmission. Use letters A-F to denote the
correct sequence. Use the diagram on the right as a clue.
Example:
SENDING
NEURON
B 1. lon channel opens
Synepto
SYNAPSE
1. lon channel opens
2. Neurotransmitter is released into synaptic
cleft
SYNAPTIC
CLEFT
RECEVING
HEURC4
Neurotransmitter
3. Vesicle fuses with plasma membrane
Jon chennels
Neurotransmtter
Reseptor
deurotranemitter brohen
down and sa sd
4. Neurotransmitter binds to receptor
BOns
前
命
5. Action potential arrives
6. lon channel closes
the obeicos in the bo y belo M (A n
Which of the following are the likely explanations for the failure of a postsynaptic neuron to trigger an action potential? Select all that apply.
The EPSPs are neutralized by the neurotransmitter
The summation of IPSPs and EPSPs is insufficient to depolarize the cell to threshold
The synapses generating the EPSPs are too close to the axon hillock
The synapses generating the EPSPs are too far from the axon hillock
Chapter 8 Solutions
Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach (8th Edition)
Ch. 8.1 - Organize the following terms describing functional...Ch. 8.2 - Where do neurohormone-secreting neurons terminate?Ch. 8.2 - What is the difference between a nerve and a...Ch. 8.2 - Draw a chain of three neurons that synapse on one...Ch. 8.2 - What is the primary function of each of the...Ch. 8.2 - Name the two glial cell types that form myelin....Ch. 8.3 - Given the values in Table 8.2, use the Nernst...Ch. 8.3 - Would a cell with a resting membrane potential of...Ch. 8.3 - Would the cell membrane depolarize or...Ch. 8.3 - Match each ions movement with the type of graded...
Ch. 8.3 - Prob. 11CCCh. 8.3 - What is the difference between conductance and...Ch. 8.3 - If you put ouabain, an inhibitor of the Na+-K+...Ch. 8.3 - The pyrethrin insecticides, derived from...Ch. 8.3 - When Na+ channel gates are resetting, is the...Ch. 8.3 - A stimulating electrode placed halfway down an...Ch. 8.3 - Place the following neurons in order of their...Ch. 8.4 - Prob. 18CCCh. 8.4 - Prob. 19CCCh. 8.4 - Prob. 20CCCh. 8.4 - Prob. 21CCCh. 8.4 - Prob. 22CCCh. 8.4 - Classify the H+-neurotransmitter exchange as...Ch. 8.4 - Prob. 24CCCh. 8.4 - Prob. 25CCCh. 8.4 - Is Na+-dependent neurotransmitter reuptake...Ch. 8.5 - In Figure 8.24e, assume the postsynaptic neuron...Ch. 8.5 - In the graphs of Figure 8.24a, b, why doesnt the...Ch. 8.5 - Prob. 29CCCh. 8.5 - Prob. 30CCCh. 8 - List the three functional classes of neurons, and...Ch. 8 - Somatic motor neurons control __________, and...Ch. 8 - Prob. 3RQCh. 8 - Prob. 4RQCh. 8 - Prob. 5RQCh. 8 - Prob. 6RQCh. 8 - Axonal transport refers to the (a) release of...Ch. 8 - Match the numbers of the appropriate...Ch. 8 - Arrange the following events in the proper...Ch. 8 - List the four major types of ion channels found in...Ch. 8 - Prob. 11RQCh. 8 - An action potential is (circle all correct...Ch. 8 - Choose from the following ions to fill in the...Ch. 8 - What is the myelin sheath?Ch. 8 - List two factors that enhance conduction speed.Ch. 8 - Prob. 16RQCh. 8 - Draw and label a graph of an action potential....Ch. 8 - Prob. 18RQCh. 8 - Prob. 19RQCh. 8 - Create a map showing the organization of the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 21RQCh. 8 - Prob. 22RQCh. 8 - Prob. 23RQCh. 8 - Prob. 24RQCh. 8 - The presence of myelin allows an axon to (choose...Ch. 8 - Define, compare, and contrast the following...Ch. 8 - Prob. 27RQCh. 8 - Prob. 28RQCh. 8 - Prob. 29RQCh. 8 - Prob. 30RQCh. 8 - An unmyelinated axon has a much greater...Ch. 8 - The GHK equation is sometimes abbreviated to...Ch. 8 - In each of the following scenarios, will an action...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Assume presynaptic excitatory neuron A terminates on a postsynaptic cell near the axon hillock and presynaptic excitatory neuron B terminates on the same postsynaptic cell on a dendrite located on the side of the cell body opposite the axon hillock. Explain why rapid firing of presynaptic neuron A could bring the postsynaptic neuron to threshold through temporal summation, thus initiating an action potential, whereas firing of presynaptic neuron B at the same frequency and the same magnitude of EPSPs may not bring the postsynaptic neuron to threshold.arrow_forwardIdentify the following as properties of electrical synapses, chemical synapses, or botharrow_forwardGiven the steps shown below, which of the following is the correct sequence for transmission at a chemical synapse? 1. neurotransmitter binds with receptor 2. sodium ions rush into neuron's cytoplasm 3. action potential depolarizes the presynaptic membrane 4. ion channel opens to allow particular ion to enter cell 5. synaptic vesicles release neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft O 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 O 5, 1, 2, 4, 3 O 2, 3, 5, 4, 1 O4, 3, 1, 2, 5 O 3, 2, 5, 1, 4arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements concerning synapses is FALSE? O A) Modulation of synaptic strength can be presynaptic of postsynaptic B) High frequency stimulation in the presynaptic neuron often leads to DECREASED neurotransmitter release O C) Modulation of synaptic strength can either be short term, lasting seconds, or long term, lasting as long as a lifetime. D) Agonists are drugs that mimic neurotransmitters and antagonists are drugs that block the action of neurotransmitters O E) Certain drugs prevent the reuptake of neurotransmitter from the synapsearrow_forwardIdentify and label the following structures on the neuron model figure below: cell body, dendrites, neuron nucleus, neurolemma, axon hillock, nucleus of Schwann cell, Nissl bodies, myelin sheath, axon, node of Ranvier, axon terminals (of neurons synapsing with model neuron), endoneurium (refer to Figure 10.6). 3) 11arrow_forward1) Draw a pseudo-unipolar neuron synapsing onto a dendrite on a multi-polar neuron. Label the cell body on both neurons and the synaptic cleft. 2) Draw a typical neuron and the relative ion concentrations (high or low) for Na+ and K+ inside and outside the cell. 3) If a cation channel suddenly opened at rest which direction would K+ move and why? Which way would Na+ ions move? 2arrow_forward
- A F B C- D Match the labelled synapse structure with the correct structure or function. Place the correct number in each blank. Use each letter only once. Synaptic vesicle containing the neurotransmitters Postsynaptic membrane of the dendrite Synaptic cleft Receptor site for the neurotransmitter on the dendrite Axon terminal Mitochondria, which supply ATP for synthesis of transmittersarrow_forwardLet’s say the synapses of a neuron’s dendrites are filled with glutamate-gated channels which, when activated by glutamate, cause an excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) in the neuron. In one instance, glutamate is released at all of the synapses simultaneously and this leads to an action potential in the neuron. A) What type of summation of PSPs is this? Why? B) List the sequence of steps that occur starting from binding of glutamate to the glutamate-gated channels at the synapses and ending with the membrane potential at the axon hillock returning to resting potential at the end of the action potential. (Include all the changes in voltage-gated channels underlying the action potential.)arrow_forwardWith the help of figure 12.6 on page 395 and the definitions below, label the following diagram of a typical neuron. axon - the long extension of a neuron that carries nerve impulses away from myelin sheath - the fatty substance that surrounds and the body of the cell. axon terminals - the hair-like ends of node of Ranvier - one of the many gaps in the myelin the axon cell body - the cell body of the neuron; it contains the nucleus and other cell organelles dendrites - the branching structure of Schwann's cells - cells that produce myelin - they are a neuron that receives messages |(attached to the cell body) 1. protects some nerve fibers sheath – impulses jump from node to node resulting in faster transmission nucleus - the organelle in the cell body of the neuron that contains the genetic material of the cell located within the myelin sheath. ©EnchantedLearning.com Place an arrow along the diagram to indicate the direction that impulses travel long the neuron. 2.arrow_forward
- Which of the following is the role of axonal Calcium (Ca2+) channels in neuronal communication at the synapse? a) they inhibit the action potential causing it to stop b) Calcium channels have no role in this process c) by allowing calcium to exit the cell, they promote the propagation of action potential across the synapse by creating depolarization d) by blocking calcium entrance, they mediate the contraction of presynaptic axon to facilitate movement e) when they open, calcium enters the presynaptic terminal, promoting fusion of neurotransmitter vesicles with presynaptic membrane, and release of neurotransmitters to the synaptic cleftarrow_forwardWhat terms denotes a sudden change (depolarization and repolarization) in the electrical properties of the neuron membrane? Action potential Synaptic transmission Event-related potential Postsynaptic potential ------------------------------------ You step on a brick, ouch. What type of nerve will bring the signal from your foot to your brain? Somatic afferent Somatic efferent automatic afferent automatic afferent ---------------------------------------------- A given neurotransmitter is inhibitory. What might its receptors do? Allow positive ions to enter the cell Allow negative ions to enter the cell Allow positive ions to leave the cell B and Carrow_forwardCystic fibrosis is a degenerative disease that causes the progressive breakdown of the myelin sheaths around the axons of neurons. Which of the following best describes the likely effect of cystic fibrosis on neuronal function? A B C D an inhibition in the release of neurotransmitters at the synaptic terminal a decrease in the conduction speed of the action potential along neuronal axons an unstoppable generation of action potential in affected neurons an inhibition in the generation of action potentials at neuronal dendritesarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap ...BiologyISBN:9781285866932Author:Lauralee SherwoodPublisher:Cengage Learning
Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap ...
Biology
ISBN:9781285866932
Author:Lauralee Sherwood
Publisher:Cengage Learning
12 Organ Systems | Roles & functions | Easy science lesson; Author: Learn Easy Science;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cQIU0yJ8RBg;License: Standard youtube license