Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134605197
Author: Dee Unglaub Silverthorn
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Question
Chapter 8, Problem 27RQ
Summary Introduction
To determine: Human babies cannot sit up, crawl, or focus their eyes within hours after being born although their neurons and muscles are fully functional and developed at the time of birth.
Introduction: Neurons are well developed in human beings at the time of birth. The neuron is the structural and functional unit of the nervous system. Neurons transmit the information from one neuronal cell to the other. The human brain contains millions of neurons.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Electric signals can be used to
Write the letters of all that apply in the box below. Use all capital letters, with no punctuation. For
example, if A and B are correct, write "AB". If only A is correct, write "A".
A) strengthen the muscle.
B) activate the muscle after injury.
C) block pain.
D) contract muscles.
Why does motion sickness occur?
True or False:
(T/F) Physical forces acting on the thorax and wing hinge during flight are detected by campaniform sensilla and chordonotal organs and this sensory information influences the direct flight muscles, which adjust the angle of the wings to steer.(T/F) During the contraction of the dorso-ventral and dorsolongitudinal flight muscles, troponin binds with ATP and connects myosin heads to the actin reactive sites.
Chapter 8 Solutions
Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach (8th Edition)
Ch. 8.1 - Organize the following terms describing functional...Ch. 8.2 - Where do neurohormone-secreting neurons terminate?Ch. 8.2 - What is the difference between a nerve and a...Ch. 8.2 - Draw a chain of three neurons that synapse on one...Ch. 8.2 - What is the primary function of each of the...Ch. 8.2 - Name the two glial cell types that form myelin....Ch. 8.3 - Given the values in Table 8.2, use the Nernst...Ch. 8.3 - Would a cell with a resting membrane potential of...Ch. 8.3 - Would the cell membrane depolarize or...Ch. 8.3 - Match each ions movement with the type of graded...
Ch. 8.3 - Prob. 11CCCh. 8.3 - What is the difference between conductance and...Ch. 8.3 - If you put ouabain, an inhibitor of the Na+-K+...Ch. 8.3 - The pyrethrin insecticides, derived from...Ch. 8.3 - When Na+ channel gates are resetting, is the...Ch. 8.3 - A stimulating electrode placed halfway down an...Ch. 8.3 - Place the following neurons in order of their...Ch. 8.4 - Prob. 18CCCh. 8.4 - Prob. 19CCCh. 8.4 - Prob. 20CCCh. 8.4 - Prob. 21CCCh. 8.4 - Prob. 22CCCh. 8.4 - Classify the H+-neurotransmitter exchange as...Ch. 8.4 - Prob. 24CCCh. 8.4 - Prob. 25CCCh. 8.4 - Is Na+-dependent neurotransmitter reuptake...Ch. 8.5 - In Figure 8.24e, assume the postsynaptic neuron...Ch. 8.5 - In the graphs of Figure 8.24a, b, why doesnt the...Ch. 8.5 - Prob. 29CCCh. 8.5 - Prob. 30CCCh. 8 - List the three functional classes of neurons, and...Ch. 8 - Somatic motor neurons control __________, and...Ch. 8 - Prob. 3RQCh. 8 - Prob. 4RQCh. 8 - Prob. 5RQCh. 8 - Prob. 6RQCh. 8 - Axonal transport refers to the (a) release of...Ch. 8 - Match the numbers of the appropriate...Ch. 8 - Arrange the following events in the proper...Ch. 8 - List the four major types of ion channels found in...Ch. 8 - Prob. 11RQCh. 8 - An action potential is (circle all correct...Ch. 8 - Choose from the following ions to fill in the...Ch. 8 - What is the myelin sheath?Ch. 8 - List two factors that enhance conduction speed.Ch. 8 - Prob. 16RQCh. 8 - Draw and label a graph of an action potential....Ch. 8 - Prob. 18RQCh. 8 - Prob. 19RQCh. 8 - Create a map showing the organization of the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 21RQCh. 8 - Prob. 22RQCh. 8 - Prob. 23RQCh. 8 - Prob. 24RQCh. 8 - The presence of myelin allows an axon to (choose...Ch. 8 - Define, compare, and contrast the following...Ch. 8 - Prob. 27RQCh. 8 - Prob. 28RQCh. 8 - Prob. 29RQCh. 8 - Prob. 30RQCh. 8 - An unmyelinated axon has a much greater...Ch. 8 - The GHK equation is sometimes abbreviated to...Ch. 8 - In each of the following scenarios, will an action...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- The experiment that crossed the nerve from a muscle that had a short contraction time "a fast muscle" to a muscle with a slower contraction profile and from the slower muscle to the faster muscle demonstrated that the nerve or activity of the muscle had no effect on properties of the muscle fibers. a.) True b.) Falsearrow_forwardWhich of the following describe the myelination of the nervous system correctly? Please select all that apply. A) Caudal structures are myelinated before rostral structures. B) Myelination of the human central nervous system is not complete until around the age of 25 years. C) Sensory systems are myelinated before motor systems in the cerebral cortex. D) Myelination at different ages is not very predictive of behavioral differences.arrow_forwardWhen a person is myopic, he/ she can clearly see:(a) both nearby and far off objects(b) Only nearby objects(c) only far off objects(d) Neither nearby nor far off objectsarrow_forward
- Article: Effect of Patterned Electrical Neuromuscular Stimulation on Vertical Jump in Collegiate Athletes This article presents research evidence regarding PENS (patterned electrical neuromuscular stimulation) and it’s effects on vertical jump of athletes. Please show a-e. a.) background b.) purpose c.) methods d.) results e.) conclusion Lastly, Reflect on the article. What did you learn? What made sense? What did you not understand or was confusing? What did you agree or disagree with? Do you have follow-up questions? How does this data apply to clinical practice? Will you clinically use this data?arrow_forwardWhen the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) binds the acetylcholine receptor (a GPCR) on muscle cells, it causes them to contract. ZIGGY, a chemical analog of ACh, also binds to the same acetylcholine receptor on muscle cells, but instead causes the muscle cells to relax. For this reason, it is sometimes prescribed as a muscle relaxer. Explain in 3-4 sentences how ZIGGY could cause muscle relaxation. How can both ZIGGY and ACh bind the same GPCR? And then how can they have different effects on the cells, despite binding to the same receptor on the same cells?arrow_forwardAs humans, we are innately interested in how our bodies and minds work. One question that has been difficult to answer is exactly what is the speed of thought? Why is it so difficult to quantify the speed of thought and do you think we will ever get to the point of solving this problem?arrow_forward
- Almost all subjects will show a declining force (pseudo-fatigue), while their eyes are shut, that isvery similar to fatigue. This is, however, not true fatigue, because the full 50% force can be exerted easily, as can be seen when the subject's eyes are opened again. What explanations can you think of for pseudo-fatigue?arrow_forwardKhalil Mack is a professional football player who graduated from UB (and took biopsychology while an undergrad here). Because he’s a professional athlete, weighs about 250 lbs, and is much stronger than I will ever be, the chance of me tackling him all by myself is virtually zero. But, imagine the following: I grab Mack’s left foot and hold on for dear life, and, at the exact same time¸ your TA, Zoe, grabs his right foot, another TA, Anna, grabs is left foot, while your other TA, Susan, jumps on his back. We might (if we’re lucky and the wind blows just right) have a chance of stopping him. The four of us grabbing Mack, all at the exact same time illustrates which principle of synaptic communication? (Thankfully Mack is a defense end, so we’ll never have to tackle him.) a. reflex arc b. inhibitory post synaptic potentials c. spatial summation d. temporal summation Hypovolemia induces thirst in part by stimulating release of which hormone?…arrow_forwardWhich of the following is NOT true statement about acetylcholine? * A) Acetylcholine stimulates a muscle to contract B) Acetylcholine binds to receptors on the sarcolemma C)Acetylcholine enters muscle fiber when stimulated D)Acetylcholine is released into a synaptic cleftarrow_forward
- You are at the gym and doing strength training. You feel in good shape and should try to break personal records in squats. You place the bar on your back and begin to take in, that is, your motor neurons begin to send action potentials through all your motor units to the thigh muscles. What is the contraction called when you a) bend down and b) are in good shape and can generate more force than the bar weighs c) stay standing in one and the same position without being able to push yourself up in a standing position?arrow_forwardTyrosine came from the Greek word "tyros" which means cheese as it was discovered in cheese by Justus von Liebig, a German chemist in 1846. Tyrosine serves as the precursor for dopamine - the neurotransmitter which is considered as the "reward or pleasure molecule" in our brain. It is also involved in controlling the fine motor movement of our muscles such as those of our hands. Draw the titrimetric profile of tyrosine and calculate its isoelectric pH. [Note: The aromatic hydroxyl group is titratable]arrow_forwardSingle cell recordings in the dorsal stream (parietal areas) tell us about the mechanisms involved in action control. All of the following is true, EXCEPT: a. All listed here are correct b. Neurons in different parietal areas support the link between gaze-centered neurons area to the body-centered neurons c. Some neurons signal whether to move eyes and some neurons signal whether to move hands d. Some neurons in the anterior intraparietal area respond to 3D shapes that vary in size/orientation, but not to 2D shapes e. Some neurons respond based on the position of an object in relation to the hand f. Neurons in the parietal cortex are allocentric and they exhibit activity that reflects learned movementsarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Human Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305112100Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage Learning
Human Biology (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781305112100
Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan
Publisher:Cengage Learning
GCSE PE - ANTAGONISTIC MUSCLE ACTION - Anatomy and Physiology (Skeletal and Muscular System - 1.5); Author: igpe_complete;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6hm_9jQRoO4;License: Standard Youtube License