Concepts of Genetics (12th Edition)
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134604718
Author: William S. Klug, Michael R. Cummings, Charlotte A. Spencer, Michael A. Palladino, Darrell Killian
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 6, Problem 6PDQ
In general, when recombination experiments are conducted with bacteria, participating bacteria are mixed in complete medium, then transferred to a minimal growth medium. Why isn’t the protocol reversed: minimal medium first, complete medium second?
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Two auxotrophic triple Escherichia coli strains (A: met- phe- ade- val+ bio+ thr+ and B:
met+ phe+ ade+ val- bio- thr-) are mixed in LB liquid medium, diluted and then spread on
LB solid rich medium. Six colonies are observed:
Then, replicates are performed on 6 different media (minimum medium + glucose + indicated
substances). The results are shown below. Determine the genotype of the 6 colonies observed.
Which ones are from strain A? From strain B? Which hypotheses can explain these results
and which one do you prefer?
met phe
val bio
Abbreviations:
met ade
val thr
phe ade
bio thr
Met: methionine; Phe: phenylalanine; Ade: adenine; Val: valine; Bio: biotin; Thr: threonine.
A plaque assay is performed beginning with 1 mL of a solution containing bacteriophages. This solution is serially diluted three times by combining 0.1 mL of each sequential dilution with 9.9 mL of liquid medium. Then 0.1 mL of the final dilution is plated in the plaque assay and yields 17 plaques. What is the initial density of bacteriophages in the original 1 mL?
In the bacterial transformation experiment, what is the primary purpose of using an ampicillin-containing medium?
In the bacterial transformation experiment, what is the primary purpose of using an ampicillin-containing medium?
Chapter 6 Solutions
Concepts of Genetics (12th Edition)
Ch. 6 - When the interrupted mating technique was used...Ch. 6 - In a transformation experiment involving a...Ch. 6 - In complementation studies of the rII locus of...Ch. 6 - A 4-month-old infant had been running a moderate...Ch. 6 - Prob. 2CSCh. 6 - Prob. 3CSCh. 6 - Prob. 4CSCh. 6 - HOW DO WE KNOW? In this chapter, we have focused...Ch. 6 - Review the Chapter Concepts list on p. 123. Many...Ch. 6 - With respect to F+ and F bacterial matings, answer...
Ch. 6 - List all major differences between (a) the F+ F...Ch. 6 - Describe the basis for chromosome mapping in the...Ch. 6 - In general, when recombination experiments are...Ch. 6 - Why are the recombinants produced from an Hfr F...Ch. 6 - Describe the origin of F bacteria and merozygotes.Ch. 6 - In a transformation experiment, donor DNA was...Ch. 6 - Describe the role of heteroduplex formation during...Ch. 6 - Explain the observations that led Zinder and...Ch. 6 - Prob. 12PDQCh. 6 - Two theoretical genetic strains of a virus (abc...Ch. 6 - The bacteriophage genome consists of many genes...Ch. 6 - If a single bacteriophage infects one E. coli cell...Ch. 6 - A phage-infected bacterial culture was subjected...Ch. 6 - In recombination studies of the rII locus in phage...Ch. 6 - In an analysis of rII mutants, complementation...Ch. 6 - If further testing of the mutations in Problem 18...Ch. 6 - Using mutants 2 and 3 from Problem 19, following...Ch. 6 - During the analysis of seven rII mutations in...Ch. 6 - In studies of recombination between mutants 1 and...Ch. 6 - Prob. 23ESPCh. 6 - An Hfr strain is used to map three genes in an...Ch. 6 - A plaque assay is performed beginning with 1 mL of...Ch. 6 - In a cotransformation experiment, using various...Ch. 6 - For the experiment in Problem 26, another gene, g,...Ch. 6 - Bacterial conjugation, mediated mainly by...Ch. 6 - A study was conducted in an attempt to determine...
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- Bacterial mutants can be classified on the basis of the method, Which is those methods?arrow_forwardYou are studying a microorganism that contains a chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) enzyme, and looking for a clone of this microorganism that no longer contains the gene encoding CAT. Imagine you had an LB plate containing chloramphenicol. You streak an isolated colony of the Parent Strain and Clone A onto the same plate. Which of the following statements are true about the growth pattern after 24 hours in the incubator? Select all that apply? L-hlareeheticol LB chloremphenicel Parent Clune A Parent Clone A LD chlerephenicol 18 chloremphenitol Paremt Clone A Paront Clone A Plate A is the expected growth pattern as clone A should grow in the LB plate with chloramphenicol Plate B is the expected growth pattern as LB plate with chloramphenicol parent strain should grow in the Plate B is the expected growth pattern as clone A should not grow in the LB plate with chloramphenicol Plate A is the expected growth pattern as the parent strain should not grow in the LB plate with…arrow_forwardA high cell density culture of recombinant E. coli was carried out according to the following strategy:-Step 1: single batch with exponential growth until 98% conversion of the substrate, starting from V0= 4.0 L, S0=50 g/L/ X0= 1.0 g/LStep 2: batch fed with exponential flow (SF-800 g/L, μ= 0.1 h-1) until reaching X= 50.9 g/L;Step 3: batch fed with constant flow (F= 0.1 L/h) for 4 hours (induction phase with IPTG)Note: consider that the quasi-steady state is reached in both fed-batch stages.Extra data: YX/S = 0.4 gx/gs; μmax= 0.25 h-1; Ks== 1.0 g/L a) What was the cell concentration reached at the end of step 1?b) For step 3, considering that the substrate concentration in the feed was 1/4 of that used in step 2, what was the concentration of cells reached at the end of step 3?C) In terms of cell productivity, which of the three phases of cultivation was the most productive?arrow_forward
- In the experiment by Bernard Davis, bacterial F+cells and F- cells were growing while separated by a filter. Filter pores allowed the passage of the liquid medium but not the bacteria cells. As a result: 1) prototype colonies grew well on minimal medium 2) F+ cells were converted to F- cells despite the physical separation 3)F- cells were converted F+ cells despite the physical separation 4)F+ cells were not converted to F- cells because of the physical separation 5) F- cells were not converted to F+ cells because of the physical separation 6)there was no growth of prototypes on minimal mediumarrow_forwardWould you expect transfer of chromosomal DNA by conjugation to be more efficient if cells were plated together on solid medium (agar) or mixed together in a liquid in a shaking flask? Explain.arrow_forwardYou generate several temperature sensitive mutant strains of bacteria. To study what genes might be affected, the mutant strains are cultured along with the normal parental strain at the permissive temperature (37°C) and then shifted at 10 minute intervals to the non permissive temperature (42°C). The only nucleotides in the growth environment are labeled with 32P. The amount of DNA at each step is measured by determining the amount of labeled nucleotides that have been incorporated into the DNA. The numbers refer to the relative amount of labeled nucleotides that have been incorporated. The following results are obtained.(picture) Which strains/strains, if any, has a mutation in a gene required for DNA replication? Explain your experimental predictions and the degree to which the data support/fail to support them.arrow_forward
- The percentage of the agarose gel is important because a) it influences the rate of migration of the fragments b) it may cause some DNA molecules to replicate c) some DNA nucleotides may degraded due to chemical reactions with the gel d) some DNA molecules may sink to the bottom of the well and not migrate What is the purpose of a buffer used in electrophoresis? a) Increase/decrease the current b) Conduct the current and protect the samples c) Disrupt the bands d) Stop the band migration Which of the following is an additional use of the gel electrophoresis technique? a) To express DNA b) To separate RNA c) To amplify RNA d) To amplify genesarrow_forwardAn E. coli colony grew on minimal medium supplemented with arginine and leucine. However, bacteria from this colony are unable to grow and form colonies on minimal medium supplemented with arginine and methionine. What is the genotype of the bacteria in this E. coli colony?arrow_forwardIn bacterial transformation, the purpose of having antibiotic within an agar plate is to: Select one: confirm which plasmids been have successfully ligated with a gene of interest. isolate bacteria which have been successfully transformed with the plasmid. indicate which plasmids were successfully digested by the endonuclease. act as a substrate which will be cleaved and produce a blue product when ligation is unsuccessful. show which plasmids contain the lacZ gene.arrow_forward
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genetic recombination strategies of bacteria CONJUGATION, TRANSDUCTION AND TRANSFORMATION; Author: Scientist Cindy;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_Va8FZJEl9A;License: Standard youtube license