Foundations of Materials Science and Engineering
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259696558
Author: SMITH
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 5.7, Problem 50SEP
To determine
By examining the figure 5.15, can you determine which impurity diffuses more easily across the silicon lattice. Can you explain why.
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Answer in a brief and concise essay. 1. Why does diffusion in solids important?
Chapter 5 Solutions
Foundations of Materials Science and Engineering
Ch. 5.7 - Prob. 1KCPCh. 5.7 - Write an equation for the number of vacancies...Ch. 5.7 - Prob. 3KCPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 4KCPCh. 5.7 - Describe the substitutional and interstitial...Ch. 5.7 - Prob. 6KCPCh. 5.7 - What factors affect the diffusion rate in solid...Ch. 5.7 - Write the equation for Ficks second law of...Ch. 5.7 - Prob. 9KCPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 10KCP
Ch. 5.7 - (a) Calculate the equilibrium concentration of...Ch. 5.7 - Prob. 12AAPCh. 5.7 - Determine the diffusion flux of zinc atoms in a...Ch. 5.7 - The diffusion flux of copper solute atoms in...Ch. 5.7 - Prob. 15AAPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 16AAPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 17AAPCh. 5.7 - A gear made of 1020 steel (0.20 wt% C) is to be...Ch. 5.7 - Prob. 19AAPCh. 5.7 - The surface of a steel gear made of 1020 steel...Ch. 5.7 - Prob. 21AAPCh. 5.7 - If boron is diffused into a thick slice of silicon...Ch. 5.7 - Prob. 23AAPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 24AAPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 25AAPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 26AAPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 27AAPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 28AAPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 29AAPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 30AAPCh. 5.7 - The diffusivity of copper atoms in the aluminum...Ch. 5.7 - Prob. 32AAPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 33SEPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 34SEPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 37SEPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 38SEPCh. 5.7 - The activation energy of nickel atoms in FCC iron...Ch. 5.7 - Prob. 40SEPCh. 5.7 - The self-diffusion of iron atoms in BCC iron is...Ch. 5.7 - Would you expect the diffusion rate of copper...Ch. 5.7 - Would you expect the diffusion rate of copper...Ch. 5.7 - Prob. 44SEPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 45SEPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 46SEPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 47SEPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 48SEPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 49SEPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 50SEP
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- Compare interstitial and vacancy atomic mechanisms for diffusion and cite two reasons why interstitial diffusion is normally more rapid than vacancy diffusion.arrow_forwardConsider a 2-mm-thick silicon (Si) wafer to be doped using antimony (Sb). Assume that the dopant source (gas mixture of antimony chloride and other gases) provides a constant concentration of 1022 atoms/m3. We need a dopant profile such that the concentration of Sb at a depth of 1 micrometer is 5 x 1021 atoms/m3. What is the required time for the diffusion heat treatment? Assume that the silicon wafer initially contains no impurities or dopants. Assume that the activation energy for diffusion of Sb in silicon is 380 kJ/mole and D0 for Sb diffusion in Si is 1.3 x 10-3 m2/s. Assume T = 1250°C.arrow_forwardYou are examining two materials with the same density. One has a BCC crystal structure, and one has a HCP crystal structure. Which do you expect will have more rapid diffusion?arrow_forward
- why diffusion coefficients of carbon in BCC and FCC in iron at temperature 912 c are difference? explain ?arrow_forward(a) Describe with illustration, TWO (2) possible point defects that can occur in metal alloying elements. (b) Nickel and boron are to be diffused into an FCC iron metal during surface treatment. The diffusion process begins at the same time for both nickel and boron atoms. Identify with justification which metal atom diffused at a higher rate during the process. Table 2: Atom and crystal characteristic Atomic radius Crystal Structure Electronegativity Element Ni 0.1246 FCC +2 0.085 Rhombohedral +3 Fe 0.124 FCC +2 C 0.071 НСР +4arrow_forwardProblem 3. Phosphorus is diffused into a thick slice of silicon with no previous phosphorus in it at a temperature of 1100°C. If the surface concentration of the phosphorus is 1 × 1018 atoms/cm³ and its concentration at 1 um is 1 × 1015 atoms/cm, how long must be the diffusion time? D = 3.0 x 10-13 cm²/s for P diffusing in Si at 1100°C.arrow_forward
- 1. What is diffusion? Briefly explain the difference between self-diffusion and interdiffusion. 2. Compare interstitial and vacancy atomic mechanisms for diffusion. 3. Differentiate steady-state diffusion to nonsteady-state diffusion.arrow_forwardGold forms a substitutional solid solution with silver. Compute the number of gold atoms per cubic centimetre for a silver-gold alloy that contains 10 wt% Au and 90wt% Ag. The densities of pure gold and silver are 19.32 and 10.49 g/cm3 respectively.arrow_forwardVacancy diffusion vs interstitial diffusion (when they can happen?)arrow_forward
- Why is the rate of interstitial diffusion mechanism higher than that of vacancy diffusion? * There are more interstitial sites and interstitial atoms are smaller. There are fewer interstitial sites and interstitial atoms are larger. There are more interstitial sites and interstitial atoms are larger. There are fewer interstitial sites and interstitial atoms are smaller.arrow_forwardRaman spectroscopy uses a laser light of a single wavelength to excite a sample. (a) Describe the anti-Stokes process in Raman? (b) Would you use Raman or IR spectroscopy to look at oxygen? Explain why. (c) You have been asked to analyse a tooth using Raman spectroscopy with a laser of 525 nm but note there is no signal (peaks) just increasing background with wavenumber. What would you do to get a better signal from the tooth? (d) How would you prepare a crystal sample for IR compared to one for Raman spectroscopy?arrow_forwardThe only alkali metal halides that do not adopt the NaCl structure are CsCl, CsBr, and CsI, formed from the largest alkali metal cation and the three largest halide ions. These crystallize in the cesium chloride structure (shown here for CsCl). This structure has been used as an example of how dispersion forces can dominate in the presence of ionic forces. Use the ideas of coordination number and polarizability to explain why the CsCl structure exists.arrow_forward
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Introduction to Diffusion in Solids; Author: Engineering and Design Solutions;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K_1QmKJvNjc;License: Standard youtube license