Foundations of Materials Science and Engineering
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259696558
Author: SMITH
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 5.7, Problem 23AAP
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The depth below the surface.
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Chapter 5 Solutions
Foundations of Materials Science and Engineering
Ch. 5.7 - Prob. 1KCPCh. 5.7 - Write an equation for the number of vacancies...Ch. 5.7 - Prob. 3KCPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 4KCPCh. 5.7 - Describe the substitutional and interstitial...Ch. 5.7 - Prob. 6KCPCh. 5.7 - What factors affect the diffusion rate in solid...Ch. 5.7 - Write the equation for Ficks second law of...Ch. 5.7 - Prob. 9KCPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 10KCP
Ch. 5.7 - (a) Calculate the equilibrium concentration of...Ch. 5.7 - Prob. 12AAPCh. 5.7 - Determine the diffusion flux of zinc atoms in a...Ch. 5.7 - The diffusion flux of copper solute atoms in...Ch. 5.7 - Prob. 15AAPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 16AAPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 17AAPCh. 5.7 - A gear made of 1020 steel (0.20 wt% C) is to be...Ch. 5.7 - Prob. 19AAPCh. 5.7 - The surface of a steel gear made of 1020 steel...Ch. 5.7 - Prob. 21AAPCh. 5.7 - If boron is diffused into a thick slice of silicon...Ch. 5.7 - Prob. 23AAPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 24AAPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 25AAPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 26AAPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 27AAPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 28AAPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 29AAPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 30AAPCh. 5.7 - The diffusivity of copper atoms in the aluminum...Ch. 5.7 - Prob. 32AAPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 33SEPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 34SEPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 37SEPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 38SEPCh. 5.7 - The activation energy of nickel atoms in FCC iron...Ch. 5.7 - Prob. 40SEPCh. 5.7 - The self-diffusion of iron atoms in BCC iron is...Ch. 5.7 - Would you expect the diffusion rate of copper...Ch. 5.7 - Would you expect the diffusion rate of copper...Ch. 5.7 - Prob. 44SEPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 45SEPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 46SEPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 47SEPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 48SEPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 49SEPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 50SEP
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- 1. An FCC iron-carbon alloy initially containing 0.20 wt% C is carburized at an elevated temperature and in an atmosphere that gives a surface carbon concentration constant at 1.0 wt%. If after 49.5 h, the concentration of carbon is 0.35 wt% at a position 4.0 mm below the surface, determine the temperature at which the treatment was carried out. 2. Consider a metal single-crystal oriented such that the normal to the slip plane and the slip direction are at angles of 60° and 35°, respectively, with the tensile axis. If the critical resolved shear stress is 20.7 MPa, will an applied stress of 45 MPa cause the single crystal to yield? If not, what stress will be necessary?arrow_forwardQuestion 2: (Problem 2.6) An optical fiber for telecommunication is made of SIO2 glass (density 2.20 Mg/m) How many Si atoms and how many O atoms are present per millimeter of length (L 1 mm) of a fiber 10 um in diameter (d-10 mm)? Given M(Si)-28.09 g mole M(OF16gmole Avogadro's Number AN=0.6203 (10) Solution.arrow_forward3. A block of pure iron needs to be converted to steel. The density of iron is 7.86x10^3kg/m^3, and the atomic weight is 0.0558kg/mol. The concentration of carbon at position A is 4x10^26 at/m^3. The carbon atomic weight is 0.012kg/mol. Carbon must be diffused into the iron to convert it to steel. It is desired to have 1025 atoms of carbon per m' at point B. Position A is 1mm from position B. Assume that you have 1m^3 of iron. You heat the material uniformly to 1200°C. Do, carton = 79x10 * m/sec, Ea = 83kJ/mol, and the density of carbon is 2260kg/m^3. (4pts) 1mm Fe block A What is Dearbon at 1200°C in m?/sec? i. ii. Calculate the FLUX (J) of carbon atoms in atoms per m²-sec at 1200°C? B.arrow_forward
- In order to produce a certain semiconductor, a process called doping is performed in which phosphorus is diffused into germanium. If D0 = 2.0 x 10-4 m2/s and the activation energy is 240.6 J/mol, determine the diffusivity of P in Ge at 800°C.arrow_forwardProblem 3. Phosphorus is diffused into a thick slice of silicon with no previous phosphorus in it at a temperature of 1100°C. If the surface concentration of the phosphorus is 1 x 10 atoms/cm and its concentration at 1 µm is 1 x 105 atoms/cm, how long must be the diffusion time? D = 3.0 x 10 cm?/s for P diffusing in Si at 1100°C.arrow_forwardDecarburization of a steel occurs when carbon diffuses from the steel to the surface and enters the atmosphere. How long will it take for a 0.6 % C steel surface to decarburize below 0.1 % C for a depth of 2 mm if the FCC steel is held at 1250 °C in an atmosphere containing zero carbon? I need this question's answer. It's important for me.arrow_forward
- A mechanism for hardening steel is called carburization. To achieve this process, the piece of steel is exposed to an atmosphere rich in hydrocarbon such as methane (CH4). Consider a steel with a carbide concentration of 0.25wt%, which must be treated at 950˚C. If the carbon concentration at the surface is suddenly increased to 1.20wt%, how long does it take for a penetration of 0.5mm from the surface to reach a concentration of 0.80wt%? . The diffusion coefficient for carbon in iron at this temperature is 1.6 x 10-11 m2s-1. Assume that the piece of steel is semi-finite. Use the table below.arrow_forward3. A BCC iron alloy containing 0.05 wt% C is carburized at 1050°C such that the carbon concentration is 0.5 wt% at a distance 2mm from the surface. Meanwhile, the carbon concentration at the surface is kept constant at 1.5 wt% C. a. What is the value of the diffusion constant for carbon diffusing into BCC Fe at 1050 °C? Show all work. Write the relevant equation for the diffusivity within this box: Write the values of all of the parameters in the equation above within the box below: Write your final answer for the diffusivity within this box: b. Determine the diffusion time required to achieve the carbon profile described above. Show all work. Write the relevant equation needed to solve this problem within this box: Write the values of all of the given parameters in the equation above within the box below: Write the value for erf(z) within this box:arrow_forwardDiffusion of carbon into BCC iron for 12 hours at a temperature of 500 °C results in a carbon concentration of 0.2 wt% at a depth 2 mm from the surface. How long would it take to get a concentration of 0.2 wt% at a depth 3 mm from the surface at 500 °C?arrow_forward
- Answer in a brief and concise essay. 1. Why does diffusion in solids important?arrow_forwardAn FCC iron–carbon alloy initially containing 0.25 wt% C is exposed to an oxygen-rich and carbon-free atmosphere at 1400 K. Under these circumstances the carbon diffuses from the alloy and reacts at the surface with the oxygen in the atmosphere; that is, the carbon concentration at the surface position is maintained essentially at 0 wt% C. (This process of carbon depletion is termed decarburization.) At what position (x, in mm) will the carbon concentration 0.10 wt% after a 8-h treatment? The value of D at 1400 K is 6.9 x10-11 m2/s. Round your answer to 2 decimal place.arrow_forwardHow does atomic diffusion in solids affect the performance and reliability of mechanical components in high-temperature environments?arrow_forward
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