Foundations of Materials Science and Engineering
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259696558
Author: SMITH
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 5.7, Problem 43SEP
Would you expect the diffusion rate of copper (self-diffusion) to be lower in a pure copper sample that is loaded with dislocations or in a pure copper sample that is free of dislocations (refer to Sec. 4.4.2 for characteristics of dislocations)? Explain your answer.
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Give three examples of materials processes that rely on diffusion in solids and explain how diffusion plays a critical role for one of those processes.
Chapter 5 Solutions
Foundations of Materials Science and Engineering
Ch. 5.7 - Prob. 1KCPCh. 5.7 - Write an equation for the number of vacancies...Ch. 5.7 - Prob. 3KCPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 4KCPCh. 5.7 - Describe the substitutional and interstitial...Ch. 5.7 - Prob. 6KCPCh. 5.7 - What factors affect the diffusion rate in solid...Ch. 5.7 - Write the equation for Ficks second law of...Ch. 5.7 - Prob. 9KCPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 10KCP
Ch. 5.7 - (a) Calculate the equilibrium concentration of...Ch. 5.7 - Prob. 12AAPCh. 5.7 - Determine the diffusion flux of zinc atoms in a...Ch. 5.7 - The diffusion flux of copper solute atoms in...Ch. 5.7 - Prob. 15AAPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 16AAPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 17AAPCh. 5.7 - A gear made of 1020 steel (0.20 wt% C) is to be...Ch. 5.7 - Prob. 19AAPCh. 5.7 - The surface of a steel gear made of 1020 steel...Ch. 5.7 - Prob. 21AAPCh. 5.7 - If boron is diffused into a thick slice of silicon...Ch. 5.7 - Prob. 23AAPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 24AAPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 25AAPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 26AAPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 27AAPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 28AAPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 29AAPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 30AAPCh. 5.7 - The diffusivity of copper atoms in the aluminum...Ch. 5.7 - Prob. 32AAPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 33SEPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 34SEPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 37SEPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 38SEPCh. 5.7 - The activation energy of nickel atoms in FCC iron...Ch. 5.7 - Prob. 40SEPCh. 5.7 - The self-diffusion of iron atoms in BCC iron is...Ch. 5.7 - Would you expect the diffusion rate of copper...Ch. 5.7 - Would you expect the diffusion rate of copper...Ch. 5.7 - Prob. 44SEPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 45SEPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 46SEPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 47SEPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 48SEPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 49SEPCh. 5.7 - Prob. 50SEP
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- 3. Why are dislocations not considered thermodynamic equilibrium defects like vacancies? Explain by describing the relative interplay between entropy and enthalpy affecting the Gibbs free energy of the dislocations-containing material system.arrow_forwardThe vacancy concentration for a metal A with an activation energy Q is 2x10-5. Calculate the vacancy concentration for a second metal B with activation energy 1.2Q. (This question has only one correct answer) а. 2.3 x 10-6 b. 4.3 x 10-5 O c. 1.3 x 10-6 d. 3.3 x 10-4arrow_forwardMoving to another question will save this response. uestion 37 Materials with dislocations have lower shear strengths than materials with no dislocations. Is this true or false? Moving to another question will save this response. Larrow_forward
- Gold forms a substitutional solid solution with silver. Compute the number of gold atoms per cubic centimetre for a silver-gold alloy that contains 10 wt% Au and 90wt% Ag. The densities of pure gold and silver are 19.32 and 10.49 g/cm3 respectively.arrow_forwardAnswer in a brief and concise essay. 1. Why does diffusion in solids important?arrow_forwardWhat is cold working process for metals? Why cold working can help improve strength of the metal? Use dislocation theory to explain.arrow_forward
- Materials that block the movement of dislocations are:arrow_forwardExplain the following, using dislocation theory: metal strengthening by: (a) grain size (b) solid solution strengthening (c) strain hardening (d) quenching in cold water following heating close to melting pt ( hint: Nv = Nexp(-Qv/kT)arrow_forwardA metal has a certain fraction f = 105 of vacancies at the atomic level at finite temperatures. If the activation energy for vacancy formation was increased by 50%, what would be the new vacancy concentration? Select one: a. 7.43E-10 b. 6.22 E-5 C. 1.24E-6 O d. 3.16E-8 e. 5.48E-4arrow_forward
- Calculate the residual molar entropy for molecular crystals of 1,3,5-Trichlorobenzenearrow_forwardTwo glasses of tea that there is an aluminium stirrer in one of them and there is a silver stirrer in the other one are delivered to two people who ordered hot tea in a tea shop. If we know that temperatures of tea and glasses are 100°C, both of the stirrers are 25°C and if we suppose that the glasses are provide full thermal isolation, calculate equilibrium temperatures of two glasses.arrow_forward4. Johnston and Gilman reported that in a grown LiF crystal that has been subjected to a constantstress of 10.8 MPa, the dislocation velocity at 249.1 K was 6×10-3 cm/s and at 227.3 K thevelocity was 10-6 cm/s. They also observed that their data suggested an Arrhenius relationshipbetween the dislocation velocity and the absolute temperature so that we can write? = ?exp ( ― ?/??)where v is the dislocation velocity, A is a constant of proportionality, Q an effective activationenergy in J/mol, and R is the universal gas constant (8.314 J/mol.K). Determine Q and A usingthe given data and the above equation. 5. A typical cross-head speed in a tensile testing machine is 0.2 in./min. (a) What is thenominal/engineering strain rate imposed by this cross-head speed on a typical engineering tensilespecimen with a 2 inch gauge length? (b) Estimate the average dislocation velocity that would be obtained at this strain rate in analpha-iron specimen with a total dislocation density of 1010 cm-2 of…arrow_forward
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Introduction to Diffusion in Solids; Author: Engineering and Design Solutions;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K_1QmKJvNjc;License: Standard youtube license