An Introduction to Thermal Physics
1st Edition
ISBN: 9780201380279
Author: Daniel V. Schroeder
Publisher: Addison Wesley
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Chapter 5.1, Problem 12P
To determine
The Maxwell’s equations.
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o Sro S-o f(x, y) dx dy
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Chapter 5 Solutions
An Introduction to Thermal Physics
Ch. 5.1 - Prob. 1PCh. 5.1 - Consider the production of ammonia from nitrogen...Ch. 5.1 - Prob. 3PCh. 5.1 - Prob. 4PCh. 5.1 - Consider a fuel cell that uses methane (natural...Ch. 5.1 - Prob. 6PCh. 5.1 - The metabolism of a glucose molecule (see previous...Ch. 5.1 - Derive the thermodynamic identity for G (equation...Ch. 5.1 - Sketch a qualitatively accurate graph of G vs. T...Ch. 5.1 - Suppose you have a mole of water at 25C and...
Ch. 5.1 - Suppose that a hydrogen fuel cell, as described in...Ch. 5.1 - Prob. 12PCh. 5.1 - Prob. 13PCh. 5.1 - Prob. 14PCh. 5.1 - Prob. 15PCh. 5.1 - Prob. 16PCh. 5.1 - Prob. 17PCh. 5.2 - Prob. 18PCh. 5.2 - In the previous section 1 derived the formula...Ch. 5.2 - Prob. 20PCh. 5.2 - Is heat capacity (C) extensive or intensive? What...Ch. 5.2 - Prob. 22PCh. 5.2 - Prob. 23PCh. 5.3 - Go through the arithmetic to verify that diamond...Ch. 5.3 - Prob. 25PCh. 5.3 - How can diamond ever be more stable than graphite,...Ch. 5.3 - Prob. 27PCh. 5.3 - Calcium carbonate, CaCO3, has two common...Ch. 5.3 - Aluminum silicate, Al2SiO5, has three different...Ch. 5.3 - Sketch qualitatively accurate graphs of G vs. T...Ch. 5.3 - Sketch qualitatively accurate graphs of G vs. P...Ch. 5.3 - The density of ice is 917kg/m3. (a) Use the...Ch. 5.3 - An inventor proposes to make a heat engine using...Ch. 5.3 - Below 0.3 K the Slope of the 3He solid–liquid...Ch. 5.3 - Prob. 35PCh. 5.3 - Effect of altitude on boiling water. (a) Use the...Ch. 5.3 - Prob. 37PCh. 5.3 - Prob. 38PCh. 5.3 - Prob. 39PCh. 5.3 - The methods of this section can also be applied to...Ch. 5.3 - Suppose you have a liquid (say, water) in...Ch. 5.3 - Ordinarily, the partial pressure of water vapor in...Ch. 5.3 - Assume that the air you exhale is at 35C, with a...Ch. 5.3 - Prob. 44PCh. 5.3 - Prob. 46PCh. 5.3 - Prob. 47PCh. 5.3 - Prob. 48PCh. 5.3 - Prob. 49PCh. 5.3 - The compression factor of a fluid is defined as...Ch. 5.3 - Prob. 51PCh. 5.3 - Prob. 52PCh. 5.3 - Repeat the preceding problem for T/Tc=0.8.Ch. 5.3 - Prob. 54PCh. 5.3 - Prob. 55PCh. 5.4 - Prove that the entropy of mixing of an ideal...Ch. 5.4 - In this problem you will model the mixing energy...Ch. 5.4 - Suppose you cool a mixture of 50% nitrogen and 50%...Ch. 5.4 - Suppose you start with a liquid mixture of 60%...Ch. 5.4 - Suppose you need a tank of oxygen that is 95%...Ch. 5.4 - Prob. 62PCh. 5.4 - Everything in this section assumes that the total...Ch. 5.4 - Figure 5.32 shows the phase diagram of plagioclase...Ch. 5.4 - Prob. 65PCh. 5.4 - Prob. 66PCh. 5.4 - Prob. 67PCh. 5.4 - Plumbers solder is composed of 67% lead and 33%...Ch. 5.4 - What happens when you spread salt crystals over an...Ch. 5.4 - What happens when you add salt to the ice bath in...Ch. 5.4 - Figure 5.35 (left) shows the free energy curves at...Ch. 5.4 - Repeat the previous problem for the diagram in...Ch. 5.5 - If expression 5.68 is correct, it must be...Ch. 5.5 - Prob. 74PCh. 5.5 - Compare expression 5.68 for the Gibbs free energy...Ch. 5.5 - Seawater has a salinity of 3.5%, meaning that if...Ch. 5.5 - Osmotic pressure measurements can be used to...Ch. 5.5 - Because osmotic pressures can be quite large, you...Ch. 5.5 - Most pasta recipes instruct you to add a teaspoon...Ch. 5.5 - Use the Clausius–Clapeyron relation to derive...Ch. 5.5 - Prob. 81PCh. 5.5 - Use the result of the previous problem to...Ch. 5.6 - Prob. 83PCh. 5.6 - Prob. 84PCh. 5.6 - Prob. 85PCh. 5.6 - Prob. 86PCh. 5.6 - Sulfuric acid, H2SO4, readily dissociates into H+...Ch. 5.6 - Prob. 88PCh. 5.6 - Prob. 89PCh. 5.6 - When solid quartz dissolves in water, it combines...Ch. 5.6 - When carbon dioxide dissolves in water,...Ch. 5.6 - Prob. 92P
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- As an illustration of why it matters which variables you hold fixed when taking partial derivatives, consider the following mathematical example. Let w = xy and x = yz. Write w purely in terms of x and z, and then purely in terms of y and z.arrow_forwardQuestion 2: Suppose a solid contains 3 identical independent one dimensional oscillstors and sar i.e. 0, 1 and 2, then- he only the ee td mer O there is only one macrostate with total energy zero. o there are two macrostates with total energy zero. O There are nine macrostates with total energy zero. O There are three macrostates with total energy zero.arrow_forwardA (nonconstant) harmonic function takes its maximum value and its minimum value on the boundary of any region (not at an interior point). Thus, for example, the electrostatic potential V in a region containing no free charge takes on its largest and smallest values on the boundary of the region; similarly, the temperature T of a body containing no sources of heat takes its largest and smallest values on the surface of the body. Prove this fact (for two-dimensional regions) as follows: Suppose that it is claimed that u(x, y) takes its maximum value at some interior point a; this means that, at all points of some small disk about a, the values of u(x, y) are nolarger than at a. Show by Problem 36 that such a claim leads to a contradiction (unless u = const.). Similarly prove that u(x, y) cannot take its minimum value at an interior point.arrow_forward
- Do periodic functions, where f (x = 0) = f (x = L), form a vector space? If they do, explicitly show that they satisfy all eight properties required of a vector space. If not, which property fails? Show how it fails.arrow_forward. An ideal classical gas composed of N particles, each of mass m, is enclosed in a vertical cylinder of height L placed in a uniform gravitational field (of acceleration g) and is in thermal equilibrium; ultimately, both N and L → ∞. Evaluate the partition function of the gas and derive expressions for its major thermodynamic properties. Explain why the specific heat of this system is larger than that of a corresponding system in free space.arrow_forwardConsider two immiscible liquids such as water and oil. If a spherical oil molecule of radius r is taken out of the oil phase and placed in the water phase, the unfavorable energy of this transfer is proportional to the area of the solute (oil) molecule newly exposed to the solvent (water) multiplied by the interfacial energy, i, of the oil-water interface. The interfacial energy of the bulk cyclohexane-water interface is i = 50 mJ m-2, and the radius of a cyclohexane molecule is 0.28 nm. Using Boltzmann distribution, estimate the solubility of cyclohexane in water at 25 C in units of mol L-1.The concentration of water in water phase is 55.5 mol L-1.arrow_forward
- Let B = Z[x] denote the set of all polynomials in x. Show that B is denumerable.arrow_forwardIn z Show that PK = 1- P P(O2) for a real gas where KT is the isothermal compressibility.arrow_forwardThe partition funetion for the ensemble characterized by constant V, E, and G = µÑ is given to a very good approximation by ø(V, E, µN)=Q(N,V,E)eBHN, where G = µN is the Gibbs energy (µ is the chemical potential and N is the average number of particles). Find an expression for the characteristic thermodynamic function for this ensemble in terms of the partition function ø(V, E, µN).arrow_forward
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