Human Physiology
15th Edition
ISBN: 9781259864629
Author: Fox, Stuart Ira
Publisher: Mcgraw-hill Education,
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Question
Chapter 5, Problem 30RA
Summary Introduction
To review:
The total number of ATP broken down in the complete beta-oxidation of twenty-carbon-long fatty acid.
Introduction:
Triglycerides or fats are hydrolyzed into fatty acids and glycerol molecules in a process called lipolysis. The fatty acids are further broken down into acetyl coenzymes and the process is termed as beta-oxidation of fatty acids. The process occurs in the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells while in prokaryotes, it occurs in the cytosol.
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Students have asked these similar questions
Show the first cycle of beta-oxidation of stearic acid. How many ATPs will be generated from the complete oxidation of this fatty acid?
Upon digestion of starch, isomaltose (an isomer of maltose), one of its degradation products, is further hydrolyzed into its
monosaccharide components prior to intestinal absorption and entry into the glycolysis. Calculate the number of ATP
molecules produced from the digestion and complete oxidation of 4 molecules of isomaltose considering the glycerol 3-phosphate
shuttle. Answer the following items using numerical value only (e.g. 1, not "1 ATP") which will help you arrive at the final answer for
this question.
a. Total number of glucose molecules entering glycolysis:
b. Total number of pyruvate molecules produced at the end of glycolysis:
c. Total number of mitochondrial NADH produced after pyruvate is acted upon by the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex:
d. Total number of CO, released right after the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex reaction:
e. Total number of acetyl CoA molecules entering the citric acid cycle:
How many ATP will be broken down in the complete β-oxidation of this fatty acid?
Chapter 5 Solutions
Human Physiology
Ch. 5 - Define the term glycolysis in terms of its initial...Ch. 5 - What are the initial substrates and final products...Ch. 5 - Describe the physiological functions of lactic...Ch. 5 - Compare the fate of pyruvate in aerobic and...Ch. 5 - Draw a simplified citric acid cycle and indicate...Ch. 5 - Explain how NADH and FADH2 contribute to oxidative...Ch. 5 - Explain how ATP is produced in oxidative...Ch. 5 - Describe glycogenesis and glycogenolysis, and...Ch. 5 - Explain the significance of gluconeogenesis and...Ch. 5 - Prob. 6aCP
Ch. 5 - Prob. 6bCPCh. 5 - Describe transamination and deamination and...Ch. 5 - List five blood-borne energy carriers and explain,...Ch. 5 - Prob. 1RACh. 5 - In anaerobic metabolism, the oxidizing agent for...Ch. 5 - When skeletal muscles lack sufficient oxygen,...Ch. 5 - The conversion of lactic acid to pyruvic acid...Ch. 5 - Which of these statements about the oxygen in the...Ch. 5 - In terms of the number of ATP molecules directly...Ch. 5 - Ketone bodies are derived from
Ch. 5 - Prob. 8RACh. 5 - The conversion of glucose 6-phosphate to free...Ch. 5 - The formation of glucose from pyruvic acid derived...Ch. 5 - Which of these organs has an almost absolute...Ch. 5 - When amino acids are used as an energy source,
Ch. 5 - Intermediates formed during fatty acid metabolism...Ch. 5 - State the advantages and disadvantages of the...Ch. 5 - What purpose is served by the formation of lactic...Ch. 5 - Describe the effect of cyanide on oxidative...Ch. 5 - Describe the metabolic pathway by which glucose...Ch. 5 - Prob. 18RACh. 5 - Explain how energy is obtained from the metabolism...Ch. 5 - Prob. 20RACh. 5 - Why is the production of lactic acid termed a...Ch. 5 - Prob. 22RACh. 5 - What three molecules serve as the major substrates...Ch. 5 - A friend, wanting to lose weight, eliminates all...Ch. 5 - Suppose a drug is developed that promotes the...Ch. 5 - For many years, the total number of molecules of...Ch. 5 - People who are starving have very thin arms and...Ch. 5 - Prob. 28RACh. 5 - Prob. 29RACh. 5 - Prob. 30RACh. 5 - Prob. 31RACh. 5 - Prob. 32RACh. 5 - Prob. 33RA
Knowledge Booster
Similar questions
- While fatty acids longer than 20 carbons are rarely found in foods, lignoceric acid (24:0) is found in a variety of tree nuts. Answer the following based on the conversion of a molecule of lignoceric acid to 8-hydroxybutyrate. (a) What are the 8-oxidation products and how many ATP are required during activation for one molecule of lignoceric acid? (b) Given the following, how many molecules of 8-hydroxybutyrate can be produced? CoA 2 2 CoA NADH NAD+ H+ OH ẞ-hydroxybutyrate (c) Based on the total NADH and FADH2 available after converting lignoceric acid into 8-hydroxybutyrate, what is the maximum yield of ATP that can be produced in the liver? Don't forget to include any ATP required for activation steps.arrow_forwardOxygen is not a reactant in the β oxidation of fatty acids. Can β oxidation occur under anaerobic conditions? Explain.arrow_forwardFatty acids are stored in adipose tissue, as triacylglycerol (TAG) forms. TAGs are degraded as glycerol and fatty acids where energy is required. Based on that knowledge explain: How these products are used in the adipose, liver, and other tissue? Why glycerol can not be metabolized in adipose tissue?arrow_forward
- upon digestion of starch maltose, one of its degradation products is further hydrolyzed into its monosaccharide components prior to intestinal absorption and entry into the glycolysis. calculate the number of ATP molecules produced from the digestion and complete oxidation of 1 molecule of maltose considering the glycerol-3-phosphate shuttle. question: 9. what is the total number of net ATP molecules produced after complete oxidation?arrow_forwardThe large amount of energy used during aerobic exercise (e.g., running) requires large amounts of oxaloacetate. Explain why acetyl-CoA cannot be used to produce oxaloacetate in this circumstance. What is the likely source of oxaloacetate molecules during aerobic activity?arrow_forwardIsomaltose (an isomer of maltose), one of the degradation products of starch is further hydrolyzed into its monosaccharide components prior to its intestinal absorption and entry into the glycolysis. Calculate the no. of ATP molecules produced from the digestion and complete oxidation of 1 molecule of isomaltose considering the glycerol-3-phosphate shuttle. Answer the ff.: a) Total no. of glucose molecules entering glycolysis b) Total no. of pyruvate mols. produced at the end of glycolysis c) Total no. of mitochondrial NADH produced after pyruvate is acted upon by pyruvate dehydrogenase complex d) Total no. of CO2 released right after the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex reaction e) Total no. of acetyl CoA mols. entering the Citric Acid Cycle f) Total no. of net cytosolic ATP mols. produced right after glycolysis g) Total no. of all NADH mols. produced after complete oxidation h) Total no. of all FADH2 mols. produced after complete oxidation i) Total no. of all mitochondrial…arrow_forward
- Upon digestion of starch, isomaltose (an isomer of maltose), one of its degradation products, is further hydrolyzed into its monosaccharide components prior to its intestinal absortion and entry into the glycolysis. Calculate the no. of ATP molecules produced from the digestion and complete oxidation of 1 molecule of isomaltose considering the glycerol-3-phosphate shuttle. Answer the ff.: a) Total no. of glucose molecules entering glycolysis b) Total no. of pyruvate molecules produced at the end of glycolysis c) Total no. of mitochondrial NADH produced after pyruvate is acted upon by the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex d) Total no. of CO2 released right after the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex reaction e) Total no. of acetyl-CoA molecules entering the citric acid cycle f) Total no. of net cytosolic ATP molecules produced right after glycolysis g) Total no. of all NADH mols. produced after complete oxidation h)Total no. of all FADH2 mols. produced after complete oxidation i) Total…arrow_forwardThe large amount of energy used during aerobic exercise(e.g., running) requires large amounts of oxaloacetate.Explain why acetyl-CoA cannot be used to produceoxaloacetate in this circumstance. What is the sourceof oxaloacetate molecules during aerobic activity?arrow_forwardShow how the following fatty acid is oxidized:arrow_forward
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