Genetics: Analysis and Principles
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259616020
Author: Robert J. Brooker Professor Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 5, Problem 26CONQ
Summary Introduction
To review:
The reciprocal cross, and the outcomes of true breeding crosses of a normal individual and a mutant allele-carrying individual.
Introduction:
Wild types are alleles that mostly encode the
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What is a reciprocal cross? Suppose that a gene is found as a wildtype (functional) allele and a recessive mutant (nonfunctional)allele. What would be the expected outcomes of reciprocal crossesif a true-breeding normal individual was crossed to a true-breedingindividual carrying the mutant allele? What would be the results ifthe gene is maternally inherited?
In guinea pigs, rough coat (R) is dominant to smooth coat (r). If a homozygous rough-coated animal is crossed with a smooth-coated one:
What will be the phenotype(s) of the F1 generation?
What will be the phenotype(s) of the F2 generation?
What will be the phenotype(s) of the offspring resulting from a cross of an F1 individual back to its rough parent?
What will be the phenotype(s) of the offspring of a cross of an F1 individual back to its smooth parent?
In a species of bird, feather colour is determined by a single, non-autosomal gene that shows complete penetration. A red-feathered female mates with a blue-feathered male, and all
the F1 males are blue-feathered and the F1 females are red-feathered. When the F1 individuals are crossed, all the F2 males are again blue-feathered and the F1 females are again red-
feathered.
Provide the genotype of the F2 males and females. Clearly indicate which genotype is associated with males and females, respectively.
Binomial Expansion
1
a+b
2
a' + 2ab + b?
3
a'+ 3a'b + 3ab + b
a + 4a'b + 6a'b + 4ab + b
5
a + Sa*b + 10a'b2 + 100'b + Sab + b
Chapter 5 Solutions
Genetics: Analysis and Principles
Ch. 5.1 - A female snail that coils to the left has...Ch. 5.1 - 2. What is the molecular explanation for maternal...Ch. 5.2 - 1. In fruit flies, dosage compensation is achieved...Ch. 5.2 - 2. According to the Lyon hypothesis,
a. one of...Ch. 5.2 - Prob. 3COMQCh. 5.3 - 1. In mice, the copy of the Igf2 gene that is...Ch. 5.3 - 2. A female mouse that is is crossed to a male...Ch. 5.3 - Prob. 3COMQCh. 5.3 - Prob. 4COMQCh. 5.4 - 1. Extranuclear inheritance occurs due to
a....
Ch. 5.4 - 2. A cross is made between a green four-o’clock...Ch. 5.4 - 3. Some human diseases are caused by mutations in...Ch. 5.4 - 4. Chloroplasts and mitochondria evolved from an...Ch. 5 - Define the term epigenetic inheritance, and...Ch. 5 - 2. Describe the inheritance pattern of maternal...Ch. 5 - A maternal effect gene exists in a dominant N...Ch. 5 - 4. A Drosophila embryo dies during early...Ch. 5 - 5. For Mendelian inheritance, the nuclear genotype...Ch. 5 - Suppose a maternal effect gene exists as a...Ch. 5 - Suppose that a gene affects the anterior...Ch. 5 - Explain why maternal effect genes exert their...Ch. 5 - As described in Chapter 22, researchers have been...Ch. 5 - 10. With regard to the numbers of sex chromosomes,...Ch. 5 - 11. What is a Barr body? How is its structure...Ch. 5 - Among different species, describe three distinct...Ch. 5 - 13. Describe when X-chromosome inactivation occurs...Ch. 5 - 14. Describe the molecular process of X-chromosome...Ch. 5 - Prob. 15CONQCh. 5 - 16. How many Barr bodies would you expect to find...Ch. 5 - 17. Certain forms of human color blindness are...Ch. 5 - A black female cat (XBXB) and an orange male cat...Ch. 5 - Prob. 19CONQCh. 5 - When does the erasure and reestablishment phase of...Ch. 5 - In what types of cells would you expect de novo...Ch. 5 - 22. On rare occasions, people are born with a...Ch. 5 - Genes that cause Prader-Willi syndrome and...Ch. 5 - Prob. 24CONQCh. 5 - What is extranuclear inheritance? Describe three...Ch. 5 - Prob. 26CONQCh. 5 - Among different species, does extranuclear...Ch. 5 - Extranuclear inheritance often correlates with...Ch. 5 - Prob. 29CONQCh. 5 - Prob. 30CONQCh. 5 - Which of the following traits or diseases is (are)...Ch. 5 - Prob. 32CONQCh. 5 - 33. Describe how a biparental pattern of...Ch. 5 - Figure 5.1 describes an example of a maternal...Ch. 5 - 2. Discuss the types of experimental observations...Ch. 5 - Prob. 3EQCh. 5 - As a hypothetical example, a trait in mice results...Ch. 5 - You have a female snail that coils to the right,...Ch. 5 - Prob. 6EQCh. 5 - 7. Figure 5.6 describes the results of...Ch. 5 - Prob. 8EQCh. 5 - In the experiment of Figure 5.6, why does a clone...Ch. 5 - Prob. 10EQCh. 5 - 11. A variegated trait in plants is analyzed using...Ch. 5 - 1. Recessive maternal effect genes are identified...Ch. 5 - Prob. 2QSDC
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- J.W. McKay crossed a stock (true-breeding) melon plant that produced tan seeds with a plant that only produced red seeds and obtained the following results (J.W. McKay. 1936. Journal of Heredity 27:110-112). Cross F1 F2 Tan x red 13 tan 93 tan, 24 red a) Explain the inheritance of tan seeds and red seeds in this plant. b) Assign symbols for the alleles in this cross and draw out the Punnett Squares for the initial cross and the F1 cross.arrow_forwardPerform two consecutive crosses similar to those of Mendel for the following individual plants. Plants with round seeds (RR) are crossing with plants with wrinkled seeds (rr). After the first cross, cross the offspring together to generate F2 offspring. What are the genotypic and phenotypic ration of F2?arrow_forwardIn mice, short hair is dominant over long hair. If a heterozygous shorthaired male is crossed with a heterozygous female, what are the genotypes of the parents?arrow_forward
- Gene “A” and gene “B” are not linked. Each has two alleles. The A allele is dominant over the a allele and the B allele is dominant over the b allele. Answer the following questions about a dihybrid (two-trait) cross. A) List all of the possible gametes (eggs) that could be produced by an individual with the genotype: aabb B) List all of the possible gametes (sperm) that could be produced by an individual with the genotype: AaBB C) Fill out a Punnett square for the dihybrid cross cross between the two individuals listed above (aabb x AaBB). What percent of the offspring from this cross would have the dominant phenotype for both traits?arrow_forwardA variegated trait in plants is analyzed using reciprocal crosses. The following results are obtained: Variegated female × Normal male ↓ 1024 variegated + 52 normal Normal female × Variegated male ↓ 1113 normal + 61 variegated Explain this pattern of inheritance.arrow_forwardin three points mapping one parent has the A+C/+b+ genotype that was crossed to a homozygous recessive second parent. a)what is the genotype of this second parent? b)what are the genotypes of the double cross over offspring?arrow_forward
- In snapdragons, red flower color (R) is incompletely dominant over white flower color (r), so that the heterozygote has pink flowers. A red snapdragon is crossed with a white snapdragon, and the F1 are intercrossed to produce F2. What is the genotype and phenotypes of the F1 and F2, along with their expected proportions? If the F1 are backcrossed to the white parent, what will be the expected genotype and phenotype of the offspring? If the F1 are backcrossed to the red parent and the resulting progeny are intercrossed, what is the expected proportions of genotypes and phenotypes in the progeny?arrow_forwardAssume that the trihybrid cross AABBrr x aabbRR is made in a plant species. Assume that A and B are dominant alleles, but there is no dominance effect of alleles at the R locus. a) How many different gametes are possible in the F1generation? What are the genotypes of these gametes? b) What is the probability of the parental aabbRR genotype in the F2 progeny? c) What proportion of the F2 progeny would be expected to be homozygous for all three genes?arrow_forwardIn goats, development of the beard is due to a recessive gene. The following cross involving true-breeding goats was made and car- ried to the F2 generation: P;: bearded female x beardless male F1: all bearded males and beardless females ´1/8 beardless males | 3/8 bearded males 3/8 beardless females 1/8 bearded females F; × F, Offer an explanation for the inheritance and expression of this trait, diagramming the cross. Propose one or more crosses to test your hypothesis.arrow_forward
- Suppose that you are tending a mouse colony at a genetic research institute, and one day you discover a mouse with twisted ears. You breed this mouse with twisted ears and find that the trait is inherited. Both male and female mice may have twisted ears, but when you cross a twisted-eared male with a normal-eared female, you obtain results that differ from those obtained when you cross a twisted-eared female with a normal-eared male: the reciprocal crosses give different results. Describe how you would determine whether this trait results from a sexlinked gene, a sex-influenced gene, genetic maternal effect, a cytoplasmically inherited gene, or genomic imprinting. What crosses would you conduct, and what results would be expected with these different types of inheritance?arrow_forwardIn crosses between mutant mice, you find the following patterns in the genotype for the A locus containing alleles A1, A2, A3 and A4: What would be the best explanation for the inheritance and why?arrow_forwardIn dogs, black coat color (B) is dominant to yellow coat color (b), and straight fur (C) is dominant to curly fur (c). The coat color gene and the fur texture gene are on different chromosomes, so they assort independently, and are not sex-linked. In a cross between two BbCc parents, given that an offspring has black coat color and straight fur, what's the probability that it is heterozygous for both genes? Give 2 digits past the decimals.arrow_forward
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