Concept explainers
Interpretation: The correct definition of the codon should be determined.
Concept Introduction: Protein synthesis (translation) is a process of generating new protein sequences inside the cell. This process takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell. This process is balanced by the degradation or export of cellular proteins. It is constituted of three steps, initiation, elongation, and termination.
Answer to Problem 1P
Correct answer: Option (c), three nucleotides encode an amino acid.
Explanation of Solution
Reason for correct option:
Option (c) is three nucleotides encode an amino acid. A codon is a set of three nucleotides, that codes for an amino acid. An amino acid can have more than one codon. Hence, this option is correct.
Reasons for incorrect options:
Option (a) is an alternative name for a gene. A codon is not an alternative name of the gene. It is a set of three nucleotides that encode an amino acid. Hence, this option is incorrect.
Option (b) is three amino acids that encode a
Option (d) is one of the three nucleotides that encode an amino acid. The group of all the three nucleotides encoding an amino acid is termed as the codon. Hence, this option is incorrect.
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Chapter 31 Solutions
Biochemistry
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- True or false?: The CTD is responsible for mRNA-processing steps that are specific for mRNA and not for other forms of RNA. Explain why you chose true or false.arrow_forwardTrue or False? Eukaryotic genomes are organized into operons; each operon consists of a series of genes which code for enzymes involved in a metabolic pathway, under the transcriptional control of a single promoter sequence .arrow_forwardEvidence that each nucleotide is partof only one codon EXPLAINarrow_forward
- choices: functional, no transcription, nonfunctionalarrow_forwardRemember remove the introns! All introns start with GT and end with AG.arrow_forwardSCIENTIFIC INQUIRY Knowing that the genetic code is almostuniversal, a scientist uses molecular biological methods toinsert the human β-globin gene (shown in Figure 17.12) intobacterial cells, hoping the cells will express it and synthesizefunctional β-globin protein. Instead, the protein produced isnonfunctional and is found to contain many fewer amino acidsthan does β-globin made by a eukaryotic cell. Explain whyarrow_forward
- BiochemistryBiochemistryISBN:9781305577206Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. GrishamPublisher:Cengage LearningBiology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781337392938Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. BergPublisher:Cengage Learning