Biochemistry
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781319114671
Author: Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 31, Problem 34P
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The differences between the bacterial and eukaryotic protein synthesis should be determined.
Concept introduction:
Protein synthesis (translation) is a process of generating new protein sequences inside the cell. This process takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell. This process is balanced by the degradation or export of cellular proteins. It is constituted of three steps namely, initiation, elongation, and termination.
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. In the early days of ribosome research, before the exact role of ribo-
somes was clear, a researcher made the following observation. She
could find, in sedimentation experiments on bacterial lysates, not
only 30S, 50S, and 70S particles but also some particles that sedi-
mented at about 100S and 130S. When she treated such a mixture
with EDTA, everything dissociated to 30S and 50S particles. Upon
adding divalent ions, she could regain 70S particles, but never 100S
or 130S particles.
(a) Suggest what the 100S and 130S particles might represent, in
light of current knowledge of protein synthesis. What important dis-
covery did the researcher miss?
(b) Why do you think reassociation to 100S and 130S particles did
not work?
The antibiotics puromycin and erythromycin are known inhibitors of protein synthesis.
(a) Which part of the protein synthesis is affected by each antibiotic?
(b) What could be the reason why one of them is more effective than the other one when they are given in the same dose?
No plagiarism please. No copy paste. Use own words. Thanks.
Order+the+following+of+protein+sentesis+sequence+from+earliest: (a)tRNA molecule bring specific amino acids to he mRNA molecule. b)mRNA nucleotides join with exposed DNA bases and form a molecule of mRNA.(c)The two stands of a DNA molecule separate. (d)Peptide bonds form between the amino acids. (e)the mRNA molecule leave the nucleus. (f) a ribosome attached to the mRNA molecule.
Chapter 31 Solutions
Biochemistry
Ch. 31 - Prob. 1PCh. 31 - Prob. 2PCh. 31 - Prob. 3PCh. 31 - Prob. 4PCh. 31 - Prob. 5PCh. 31 - Prob. 6PCh. 31 - Prob. 7PCh. 31 - Prob. 8PCh. 31 - Prob. 9PCh. 31 - Prob. 10P
Ch. 31 - Prob. 11PCh. 31 - Prob. 12PCh. 31 - Prob. 13PCh. 31 - Prob. 14PCh. 31 - Prob. 15PCh. 31 - Prob. 16PCh. 31 - Prob. 17PCh. 31 - Prob. 18PCh. 31 - Prob. 19PCh. 31 - Prob. 20PCh. 31 - Prob. 21PCh. 31 - Prob. 22PCh. 31 - Prob. 23PCh. 31 - Prob. 24PCh. 31 - Prob. 25PCh. 31 - Prob. 26PCh. 31 - Prob. 27PCh. 31 - Prob. 28PCh. 31 - Prob. 29PCh. 31 - Prob. 30PCh. 31 - Prob. 31PCh. 31 - Prob. 32PCh. 31 - Prob. 33PCh. 31 - Prob. 34PCh. 31 - Prob. 35PCh. 31 - Prob. 36PCh. 31 - Prob. 37PCh. 31 - Prob. 38PCh. 31 - Prob. 39PCh. 31 - Prob. 40PCh. 31 - Prob. 41PCh. 31 - Prob. 42PCh. 31 - Prob. 43PCh. 31 - Prob. 44PCh. 31 - Prob. 45PCh. 31 - Prob. 46PCh. 31 - Prob. 47PCh. 31 - Prob. 48PCh. 31 - Prob. 49PCh. 31 - Prob. 50PCh. 31 - Prob. 51PCh. 31 - Prob. 52P
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- 16) PROTEIN SYNTHESIS: A) Describe the process of protein synthesis. Be sure to use transcription and translation in your answer (and explain the parts involved in each process) B) Why is RNA transcription a necessary process?arrow_forwarda) How to transfer biological information in protein synthesis? What is the link between DNA and proteins? What role does RNA play in each? Explain the protein synthesis.arrow_forward10. A portion of 5'-AUGCCACGAGUUGAC-3'. What amino acid sequence does this code for? To answer the question please: I) explain what is the genetic code and list the properties of the genetic e 2) draw a diagram of protein synthesis; 3) determine which tRNA should be attached to the mRNA; 4) what is the anticodon for the very first tRNA that will attach to mRNA? mRNA molecule has the sequence anarrow_forward
- (a) Describe the different stages that process of Protein synthesis. (b) using four examples of antibiotic inhibitors of translation, outlinehow the inhibition occurs.arrow_forwardHi, Could you please comfirm the following question. I have selected option c) because tRNA is the the complimentary pairs of mRNA so I figured the oppside end of the tRNA would be the same as the mRNA. When I have tired to double check my answer, no tutor has selected this answer. Thank you in advance, Like mRNA, tRNA has a ribose sugar, U instead of T, and is single stranded. Unlike mRNA, which remains a long single strand of nucleotides, tRNA folds so that some areas pair up. The resulting structure has an anticodon on one end and a site for an amino acid to attach on the other end. There is base complementarity (A pairs with U and G pairs with C) between an mRNA codon and tRNA anticodon.If the amino acid lysine attaches to a tRNA, which of the following anticodons could be at the opposite end of the tRNA molecule? a. UUU and UUC b. AGA and AGU c. AAA and AAG d. UCU and UCAarrow_forwardduring translation, each codon on the mRNA complementary base pairs with an snticodon on......arrow_forward
- ..You have isolated a new protein called STICKY. You can predict from comparisons with other known proteins thatSTICKY contains a bHLH domain.Predict the function of STICKY and rationale for the importance of these domains in STICKY function.. ..arrow_forward1) The nucleolus is a cytoplasmic organelle involved in the synthesis of ribosomes (true or false ) 2)DNA is often referred to as supercoiled because it is most commonly found in cells as two strands of inter-wounded DNA (true or false ) 3) translation is a process of synthesizing proteins based on base sequences of mRNA molecule (true or false )arrow_forward1. What are two major similarities between protein synthesis in bacteria and eukaryotes? What aretwo major differences? 2. Is it reasonable to expect that protein degradation can take place at any location in a cell? 3. . In ubiquitination, chaperone can be part of the process. Explain the benefits of using chaperoneand differentiate the uses of chaperone and ubiquitin.arrow_forward
- . Suppose that a gene underwent a mutation that changed a GAA codon to UAA. (a) Name the amino acid encoded by the original triplet. (b) Identify a tRNA anticodon that could translate the nonsense UAA triplet. (c) What other amino acid could be encoded by the mutant tRNA?arrow_forwardThe answer given in problem 31. 17 is inadequate for me, and I simply don't understand the explanation for the answer... The problem is: Ribosoms were isolated from bacteria grown in a "heavy" medium (13C and 15N) and from bacteria grown in "light" medium (12C and 14N). These 70S ribosoms were added to an in vitro system engaged in protein synthesis. An aliquot removal serveral hours later was analyzed by density-gradient centrifugation. How many bands of 70S ribosoms would you expect to see in the density gradient? Is it possible to give a more comprehensive explanation? :)arrow_forwardThis activity breaks down protein synthesis using the metaphor of PIZZA! Use your Amino Acids Reference Sheet to complete the following table. Fill in the blank spaces of each row with either the missing DNA triplet, the mRNA codon, or the Amino Acid. While there are actually multiple codons that code for any one amino acid, for this activity there only needs to be one DNA triplet and one corresponding mRNA codon recorded for each amino acid. Remember: RNA uses uracil (U) instead of thymine (T)! TTG GGG CGT AAA TTT CAA DNA AAC UAU CAC GCA AAA mRNA codon Asparagine Proline Tyrosine Amino Acid Histidinearrow_forward
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